{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3003064021","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2967780","title":"An Interval-Valued Data Classification Method Based on the Unified Representation Frame","display_name":"An Interval-Valued Data Classification Method Based on the Unified Representation Frame","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3003064021","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2967780","mag":"3003064021"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2967780","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2967780","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08963733.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08963733.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012129858","display_name":"Xiaobo Qi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5867-8901"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181877577","display_name":"Shanxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/03y3e3s17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181877577"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaobo Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Information Technology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5867-8901","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Information Technology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181877577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100773706","display_name":"Husheng Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4939-4234"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181877577","display_name":"Shanxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/03y3e3s17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181877577"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Husheng Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Information Technology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4939-4234","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Information Technology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181877577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084144346","display_name":"Zadorozhnyi Artem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9315-2024"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181877577","display_name":"Shanxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/03y3e3s17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181877577"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zadorozhnyi Artem","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer and Information Technology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9315-2024","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Information Technology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181877577"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100773704","display_name":"Wenjian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8276-3639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181877577","display_name":"Shanxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/03y3e3s17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181877577"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wenjian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and Chinese Information Processing of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China","School of Computer and Information Technology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8276-3639","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and Chinese Information Processing of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181877577"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer and Information Technology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181877577"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100773704"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181877577"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.043,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81552799,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"17002","last_page":"17012"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11063","display_name":"Rough Sets and Fuzzy Logic","score":0.9815999865531921,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11871","display_name":"Advanced Statistical Methods and Models","score":0.9757000207901001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/midpoint","display_name":"Midpoint","score":0.8164311051368713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.7050713896751404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interval","display_name":"Interval (graph theory)","score":0.695269763469696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6883237361907959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.6838332414627075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5730676651000977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","score":0.5587241649627686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5526955723762512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5269998908042908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4842195510864258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.4578680992126465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.4468308389186859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.4215613603591919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3006030321121216}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34130140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1645406","display_name":"Midpoint","level":2,"score":0.8164311051368713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.7050713896751404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778067643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166507","display_name":"Interval (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.695269763469696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6883237361907959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.6838332414627075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5730676651000977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.5587241649627686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5526955723762512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5269998908042908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4842195510864258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4578680992126465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.4468308389186859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.4215613603591919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3006030321121216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2967780","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2967780","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08963733.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ea393f1fa8fc4f0bb6b5b5b8626c4653","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ea393f1fa8fc4f0bb6b5b5b8626c4653","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 17002-17012 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2967780","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2967780","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08963733.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","display_name":"No poverty","score":0.6899999976158142}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1049491722","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201903D421050","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336035","funder_display_name":"Shanxi Provincial Key Research and Development Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1431211472","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201903D421050","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2457462816","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61503229","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3327627158","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1805263","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3690956740","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201901D111033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322666","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6944473504","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61703252","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7424588607","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61673249","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322666","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336035","display_name":"Shanxi Provincial Key Research and Development Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3003064021.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3003064021.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W137306001","https://openalex.org/W1518070647","https://openalex.org/W1549853718","https://openalex.org/W1982570325","https://openalex.org/W2005111994","https://openalex.org/W2008924602","https://openalex.org/W2017785286","https://openalex.org/W2022730559","https://openalex.org/W2039364821","https://openalex.org/W2079606180","https://openalex.org/W2083329817","https://openalex.org/W2093657512","https://openalex.org/W2093709255","https://openalex.org/W2111299550","https://openalex.org/W2119981768","https://openalex.org/W2181572596","https://openalex.org/W2188682579","https://openalex.org/W2387326017","https://openalex.org/W2508895134","https://openalex.org/W2516108306","https://openalex.org/W2546485897","https://openalex.org/W2608891831","https://openalex.org/W2671552691","https://openalex.org/W6632898909","https://openalex.org/W6686913460","https://openalex.org/W6736440741"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2368520543","https://openalex.org/W3091779247","https://openalex.org/W1988919041","https://openalex.org/W647236485","https://openalex.org/W3217771869","https://openalex.org/W2025336950","https://openalex.org/W2839393676","https://openalex.org/W2272916823","https://openalex.org/W1573812202","https://openalex.org/W2129061411"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Interval-valued":[0],"data":[1,7,52],"(IVD)":[2],"is":[3,11,43,69,107,131,156],"a":[4,62,100],"kind":[5],"of":[6,51,60,163],"where":[8],"each":[9],"feature":[10],"an":[12],"interval.":[13],"The":[14,127,143],"midpoint":[15,40,95],"and":[16,79,96,115,118,141,148],"boundary":[17,97],"are":[18],"the":[19,57,77,83,94,111,153],"two":[20],"commonly":[21],"used":[22],"methods":[23,98,162],"for":[24,67],"representing":[25],"IVD.":[26],"However,":[27],"their":[28],"structure":[29],"information":[30,59],"(such":[31],"as":[32,87],"location,":[33],"size)":[34],"may":[35],"be":[36,122],"incomplete":[37],"because":[38],"only":[39,73],"or":[41],"endpoint":[42],"adopted":[44,108],"which":[45],"will":[46,121],"lead":[47],"to":[48,109],"poor":[49],"results":[50,145],"processing.":[53],"To":[54],"better":[55],"depict":[56],"structural":[58],"IVD,":[61],"unified":[63,101],"representation":[64,161],"frame":[65,90],"(URF)":[66],"IVD":[68,164],"proposed.":[70],"It":[71],"not":[72],"takes":[74],"into":[75],"account":[76],"size":[78],"location":[80],"information,":[81],"but":[82],"relationship":[84,112],"between":[85,113],"them":[86],"well.":[88],"This":[89],"can":[91],"also":[92],"represent":[93],"in":[99,133,165],"way.":[102],"Besides,":[103],"symmetrical":[104],"uncertainty":[105],"(SU)":[106],"measure":[110],"features":[114,120],"classes":[116],"quantitatively,":[117],"irrelevant":[119],"eliminated":[123],"based":[124],"on":[125,146],"SU.":[126],"proposed":[128,154],"URF_":[129],"SU":[130],"applied":[132],"some":[134],"traditional":[135],"classifiers":[136],"like":[137],"LIBSVM,":[138],"CART":[139],"Tree":[140],"KNN.":[142],"experimental":[144],"synthetic":[147],"real-world":[149],"datasets":[150],"demonstrate":[151],"that":[152],"approach":[155],"more":[157],"effective":[158],"than":[159],"other":[160],"classification":[166],"tasks.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}