{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3000451224","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2966070","title":"Positioning in a Multipath Channel Using OFDM Signals With Carrier Phase Tracking","display_name":"Positioning in a Multipath Channel Using OFDM Signals With Carrier Phase Tracking","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3000451224","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2966070","mag":"3000451224"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2966070","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2966070","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08957110.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08957110.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063326398","display_name":"Han Dun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3898-0684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Han Dun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3898-0684","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039086149","display_name":"Christian Tiberius","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2771-2978"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian C. J. M. Tiberius","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2771-2978","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057575926","display_name":"Gerard J. M. Janssen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5423-4468"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerard J. M. Janssen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Circuits and Systems, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5423-4468","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Circuits and Systems, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063326398"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":3.8486,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94049199,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"13011","last_page":"13028"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.8061304688453674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7373690605163574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.7188822031021118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.6675251722335815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-mitigation","display_name":"Multipath mitigation","score":0.6074873805046082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carrier-recovery","display_name":"Carrier recovery","score":0.5975326299667358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.5297017693519592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delay-spread","display_name":"Delay spread","score":0.5198091268539429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.48715946078300476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carrier-frequency-offset","display_name":"Carrier frequency offset","score":0.4264671504497528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.4168972671031952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.4080657362937927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demodulation","display_name":"Demodulation","score":0.3405151963233948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.28233182430267334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.2455998957157135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.12285998463630676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10712793469429016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-offset","display_name":"Frequency offset","score":0.1058855950832367}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.8061304688453674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7373690605163574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.7188822031021118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.6675251722335815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776015439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25313558","display_name":"Multipath mitigation","level":4,"score":0.6074873805046082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17877974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2375705","display_name":"Carrier recovery","level":4,"score":0.5975326299667358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5297017693519592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49456836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q666814","display_name":"Delay spread","level":4,"score":0.5198091268539429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.48715946078300476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776108382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25111451","display_name":"Carrier frequency offset","level":5,"score":0.4264671504497528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.4168972671031952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.4080657362937927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195251586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185939","display_name":"Demodulation","level":3,"score":0.3405151963233948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.28233182430267334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.2455998957157135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.12285998463630676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10712793469429016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49319798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5502874","display_name":"Frequency offset","level":4,"score":0.1058855950832367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2966070","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2966070","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08957110.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:579ea455-6769-4357-b6f8-c3e3cf481aca","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:579ea455-6769-4357-b6f8-c3e3cf481aca","pdf_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:579ea455-6769-4357-b6f8-c3e3cf481aca","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400906","display_name":"Research Repository (Delft University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","host_organization_name":"Delft University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3f3d00bf8b444deaa4376d6cd4975ef6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3f3d00bf8b444deaa4376d6cd4975ef6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 13011-13028 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2966070","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2966070","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08957110.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7344915955","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"13970","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","funder_display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321012","display_name":"Technische Universiteit Delft","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/04jsz6e67"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3000451224.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3000451224.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1514558801","https://openalex.org/W1518655665","https://openalex.org/W1525535255","https://openalex.org/W2001618357","https://openalex.org/W2060030101","https://openalex.org/W2062247251","https://openalex.org/W2095093213","https://openalex.org/W2105693363","https://openalex.org/W2127295999","https://openalex.org/W2128131274","https://openalex.org/W2130739159","https://openalex.org/W2141658588","https://openalex.org/W2147628505","https://openalex.org/W2164514900","https://openalex.org/W2167114671","https://openalex.org/W2183097636","https://openalex.org/W2282395841","https://openalex.org/W2307851164","https://openalex.org/W2511738007","https://openalex.org/W2522792133","https://openalex.org/W2736084222","https://openalex.org/W2771911976","https://openalex.org/W2782654437","https://openalex.org/W2800960155","https://openalex.org/W2805186583","https://openalex.org/W2906229647","https://openalex.org/W2916161883","https://openalex.org/W4206180546","https://openalex.org/W4210948576","https://openalex.org/W4211205285","https://openalex.org/W4230769520","https://openalex.org/W4235326703","https://openalex.org/W4241435768","https://openalex.org/W4252356064","https://openalex.org/W6698302138","https://openalex.org/W6759792417"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3128838603","https://openalex.org/W1924191525","https://openalex.org/W2388059905","https://openalex.org/W2198170976","https://openalex.org/W2377859989","https://openalex.org/W4229074657","https://openalex.org/W2388663764","https://openalex.org/W3080284048","https://openalex.org/W2356846394","https://openalex.org/W2799332070"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,66,76,188],"developing":[1],"a":[2,10,13,40,52,89,127,150],"high":[3,209],"accuracy":[4],"terrestrial":[5,153],"radio":[6],"navigation":[7,15],"system,":[8],"as":[9],"complement":[11],"to":[12,95,206,208],"global":[14],"satellite":[16],"system":[17,155],"(GNSS),":[18],"it":[19],"is":[20,29,110,117,136,144],"recognized":[21],"that":[22,164,178],"the":[23,36,45,57,68,97,103,107,114,120,165,179,191,200,203],"performance":[24],"of":[25,106,167],"time":[26,124,201],"delay":[27,105],"estimation":[28,93,172],"proportional":[30],"to,":[31],"and":[32,149],"thereby":[33],"limited":[34],"by,":[35],"signal":[37,43],"bandwidth.":[38],"Given":[39],"possibly":[41],"narrow":[42],"bandwidth,":[44],"central":[46,58],"carrier":[47,59,69,91,115,133,170,180,193],"phase":[48,60,70,92,116,134,171,181,194],"can,":[49],"alternatively,":[50],"provide":[51],"better":[53],"distance":[54],"accuracy,":[55],"though":[56],"cycle":[61,195],"ambiguity":[62],"should":[63],"be":[64,72,174,183],"resolved.":[65],"practice,":[67],"may":[71],"perturbed":[73],"by":[74,100,146],"multipath.":[75,101],"this":[77,139],"paper,":[78],"considering":[79],"an":[80],"orthogonal":[81],"frequency":[82],"division":[83],"multiplexing":[84],"(OFDM)":[85],"signal,":[86],"we":[87],"propose":[88],"two-step":[90],"method":[94],"reduce":[96,199],"error":[98],"introduced":[99],"First,":[102],"propagation":[104],"LoS":[108],"path":[109],"coarsely":[111],"determined,":[112],"then":[113],"estimated":[118],"using":[119],"earlier":[121],"determined":[122],"coarse":[123],"delays.":[125],"Furthermore,":[126],"positioning":[128,154],"model":[129],"only":[130],"based":[131],"on":[132,169],"estimates":[135],"presented":[137],"in":[138,156],"paper.":[140],"The":[141,161],"proposed":[142],"technique":[143],"evaluated":[145],"statistical":[147],"analyses":[148],"simulated":[151],"OFDM-based":[152],"different":[157],"roadway":[158],"multipath":[159,168],"environments.":[160],"results":[162],"show":[163],"impact":[166],"can":[173,182,197],"largely":[175],"mitigated,":[176],"so":[177],"used":[184],"for":[185,202],"precise":[186],"positioning.":[187],"addition,":[189],"fixing":[190],"integer":[192],"ambiguities":[196],"significantly":[198],"position":[204],"solution":[205],"converge":[207],"precision.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
