{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2999307216","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2965557","title":"Smart City Response to Homelessness","display_name":"Smart City Response to Homelessness","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2999307216","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2965557","mag":"2999307216"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2965557","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2965557","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08955816.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08955816.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018632542","display_name":"Pedram Khayyatkhoshnevis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7851-5459"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72541430","display_name":"Lakehead University","ror":"https://ror.org/023p7mg82","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pedram Khayyatkhoshnevis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7851-5459","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032858073","display_name":"Salimur Choudhury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3187-112X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72541430","display_name":"Lakehead University","ror":"https://ror.org/023p7mg82","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salimur Choudhury","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3187-112X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065724432","display_name":"\u00c9ric Latimer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4485-1056"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Latimer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4485-1056","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026089310","display_name":"Vijay Mago","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9741-3463"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72541430","display_name":"Lakehead University","ror":"https://ror.org/023p7mg82","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vijay Mago","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9741-3463","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.5215,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80540254,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"11380","last_page":"11392"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12546","display_name":"Smart Parking Systems Research","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12546","display_name":"Smart Parking Systems Research","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11479","display_name":"Smart Cities and Technologies","score":0.9722999930381775,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13194","display_name":"ICT in Developing Communities","score":0.9484999775886536,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7060601711273193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.6449592113494873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty","display_name":"Poverty","score":0.6379791498184204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","score":0.5974840521812439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-city","display_name":"Smart city","score":0.5039052367210388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4496293365955353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subject","display_name":"Subject (documents)","score":0.4453577995300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2127225697040558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.1632840633392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"Economic growth","score":0.12997746467590332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.12273570895195007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.0925331711769104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7060601711273193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.6449592113494873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189326681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10294","display_name":"Poverty","level":2,"score":0.6379791498184204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5974840521812439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777103469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1231558","display_name":"Smart city","level":3,"score":0.5039052367210388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4496293365955353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777855551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12310021","display_name":"Subject (documents)","level":2,"score":0.4453577995300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2127225697040558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.1632840633392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.12997746467590332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.12273570895195007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0925331711769104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2965557","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2965557","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08955816.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:113336c6e39942fba7e24c6207f9e6c9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/113336c6e39942fba7e24c6207f9e6c9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 11380-11392 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2965557","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2965557","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08955816.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5699999928474426,"display_name":"No poverty","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5938428844","display_name":"Social group identity and the role of the frontier: a case study from southwestern Ontario","funder_award_id":"21820","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334617","funder_display_name":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334617","display_name":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/04j5jqy92"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2999307216.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2999307216.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W636885172","https://openalex.org/W1605565489","https://openalex.org/W1902151974","https://openalex.org/W2053279442","https://openalex.org/W2065501420","https://openalex.org/W2097681606","https://openalex.org/W2122806537","https://openalex.org/W2130902536","https://openalex.org/W2167259434","https://openalex.org/W2411516661","https://openalex.org/W2515280113","https://openalex.org/W2542041186","https://openalex.org/W2622846141","https://openalex.org/W2737056416","https://openalex.org/W2782753132","https://openalex.org/W2808241839","https://openalex.org/W2896026282","https://openalex.org/W2919663701","https://openalex.org/W2925954839","https://openalex.org/W2935969359","https://openalex.org/W6620644352","https://openalex.org/W6639613430","https://openalex.org/W6761085252"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4388258507","https://openalex.org/W2392013855","https://openalex.org/W4318064328","https://openalex.org/W2357926602","https://openalex.org/W3200517220","https://openalex.org/W2374569605","https://openalex.org/W2386062718","https://openalex.org/W4393047559","https://openalex.org/W899618282"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,134],"smart":[1],"city":[2],"is":[3],"a":[4,17,41,92],"concept":[5,21],"of":[6,16,26,40,60,105,111,113,140,154],"utilizing":[7],"digital":[8],"technologies":[9],"to":[10,81,98,127],"improve":[11],"and":[12,52,69,102,131,146],"enhance":[13],"the":[14,24,30,57,103,109,114,128,147,151],"lives":[15],"city's":[18,42],"inhabitants.":[19],"This":[20],"has":[22],"been":[23],"subject":[25,58],"increasing":[27],"interest":[28],"over":[29],"past":[31],"few":[32],"years.":[33],"However,":[34],"most":[35],"studies":[36,62],"address":[37],"improving":[38],"aspects":[39],"infrastructure,":[43],"such":[44,66],"as":[45,67],"information":[46],"security,":[47],"privacy,":[48],"communication":[49],"networks,":[50],"government,":[51],"transportation.":[53],"Noticeably":[54],"absent":[55],"from":[56],"matter":[59],"these":[61],"are":[63,136],"social":[64],"problems,":[65],"poverty":[68],"homelessness.":[70,83],"In":[71],"this":[72,155],"paper,":[73],"we":[74],"explore":[75],"how":[76],"technology":[77],"can":[78],"be":[79],"harnessed":[80],"mitigate":[82],"We":[84,107],"introduce":[85],"eight":[86],"novel":[87],"heuristic":[88],"algorithms":[89,115,135],"that":[90],"create":[91],"desirable":[93],"homeless-to-housing":[94],"assignment":[95],"with":[96,150],"regards":[97],"homeless":[99],"individuals'":[100],"characteristics":[101],"nature":[104],"services.":[106],"discuss":[108],"efficiency":[110],"each":[112],"through":[116],"simulations.":[117],"Our":[118],"best":[119],"performing":[120],"algorithm":[121],"obtains":[122],"92%":[123],"accuracy":[124],"in":[125,138],"comparison":[126],"optimal":[129,152],"solution":[130,143,153],"99.7%":[132],"fairness.":[133],"compared":[137],"terms":[139],"execution":[141],"time,":[142],"accuracy,":[144],"fairness,":[145],"relative":[148],"difference":[149],"NP-hard":[156],"problem.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
