{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2999938148","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2964036","title":"Polycyclic Compounds Affecting Electrical Tree Growth in Polypropylene Under Ambient Temperature","display_name":"Polycyclic Compounds Affecting Electrical Tree Growth in Polypropylene Under Ambient Temperature","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2999938148","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2964036","mag":"2999938148"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2964036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2964036","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08950070.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08950070.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019649115","display_name":"Lewei Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8628-9735"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136765683","display_name":"Tianjin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00zbe0w13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lewei Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Education Ministry, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","Tianjin Key Laboratory for Control Theory and Applications in Complicated Industry Systems, Maritime College, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8628-9735","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Education Ministry, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory for Control Theory and Applications in Complicated Industry Systems, Maritime College, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100745020","display_name":"Boxue Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7500-1134"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boxue Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Education Ministry, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7500-1134","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Education Ministry, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059350814","display_name":"Zhonglei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8780-8691"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhonglei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Education Ministry, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8780-8691","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Education Ministry, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102829016","display_name":"Hongna Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0378-2031"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136765683","display_name":"Tianjin University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00zbe0w13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongna Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tianjin Key Laboratory for Control Theory and Applications in Complicated Industry Systems, Maritime College, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0378-2031","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tianjin Key Laboratory for Control Theory and Applications in Complicated Industry Systems, Maritime College, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136765683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070763361","display_name":"Kai Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3899-412X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Education Ministry, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3899-412X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Smart Grid of Education Ministry, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019649115"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136765683","https://openalex.org/I162868743"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.3257,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.48299414,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"8886","last_page":"8898"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10511","display_name":"High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10511","display_name":"High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12737","display_name":"Electrical Fault Detection and Protection","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10787","display_name":"Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-treeing","display_name":"Electrical treeing","score":0.7672953605651855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polypropylene","display_name":"Polypropylene","score":0.6584563255310059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.6121475696563721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.5274850726127625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degradation","display_name":"Degradation (telecommunications)","score":0.5121772289276123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.47321978211402893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impulse","display_name":"Impulse (physics)","score":0.44573405385017395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-current","display_name":"Electrical current","score":0.4407682716846466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.2405989170074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partial-discharge","display_name":"Partial discharge","score":0.1782144010066986}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175395656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4384289","display_name":"Electrical treeing","level":4,"score":0.7672953605651855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777973245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146174","display_name":"Polypropylene","level":2,"score":0.6584563255310059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6121475696563721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.5274850726127625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779679103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5251805","display_name":"Degradation (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5121772289276123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.47321978211402893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70836080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837940","display_name":"Impulse (physics)","level":2,"score":0.44573405385017395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988004515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11651","display_name":"Electrical current","level":2,"score":0.4407682716846466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2405989170074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130143024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1929972","display_name":"Partial discharge","level":3,"score":0.1782144010066986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2964036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2964036","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08950070.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b5f8e2c64099490ab5d1f2e9a36a6d44","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b5f8e2c64099490ab5d1f2e9a36a6d44","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 8886-8898 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2020.2964036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2964036","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08950070.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2555733769","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51537008","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3579240477","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016YFB0900701","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2999938148.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2999938148.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966325317","https://openalex.org/W1990726741","https://openalex.org/W2019306954","https://openalex.org/W2020728534","https://openalex.org/W2030749496","https://openalex.org/W2054390389","https://openalex.org/W2059201578","https://openalex.org/W2060547540","https://openalex.org/W2090394319","https://openalex.org/W2091479706","https://openalex.org/W2104719121","https://openalex.org/W2115428304","https://openalex.org/W2115563018","https://openalex.org/W2124443744","https://openalex.org/W2137073884","https://openalex.org/W2157888346","https://openalex.org/W2160142957","https://openalex.org/W2160406537","https://openalex.org/W2165542296","https://openalex.org/W2170869545","https://openalex.org/W2246507835","https://openalex.org/W2498412026","https://openalex.org/W2543109484","https://openalex.org/W2546648657","https://openalex.org/W2572061819","https://openalex.org/W2577331631","https://openalex.org/W2726362861","https://openalex.org/W2733902421","https://openalex.org/W2754285773","https://openalex.org/W2770958263","https://openalex.org/W2783111186","https://openalex.org/W2790743498","https://openalex.org/W2793447360","https://openalex.org/W2795199426","https://openalex.org/W2821598622","https://openalex.org/W2912060267","https://openalex.org/W2913317301","https://openalex.org/W2913713855","https://openalex.org/W2946499239","https://openalex.org/W2948212998","https://openalex.org/W2958000088","https://openalex.org/W6683643214"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2552921044","https://openalex.org/W3193739613","https://openalex.org/W1867465299","https://openalex.org/W4212814097","https://openalex.org/W1525953603","https://openalex.org/W2551374578","https://openalex.org/W2400913203","https://openalex.org/W2954396495","https://openalex.org/W1980818976","https://openalex.org/W2109957814"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Polypropylene":[0],"(PP)":[1],"has":[2,204],"great":[3,205],"potential":[4,206],"to":[5,25,103,106,194],"be":[6],"used":[7],"as":[8],"recyclable":[9],"high-voltage":[10],"direct":[11],"current":[12],"(HVDC)":[13],"cable":[14,26],"insulation":[15,27],"material.":[16],"Electrical":[17],"tree":[18,90,124,137,150,168,201],"is":[19,91,97,113,170],"the":[20,31,56,80,84,108,116,122,127,135,143,148,166,173,199],"key":[21],"factor":[22],"that":[23,115,187],"leads":[24],"failure":[28],"and":[29,48,76,93,131,139,152,157,181],"limits":[30],"increase":[32,134],"of":[33,59,118,129,145,162,176],"HVDC":[34,211],"transmission":[35],"voltage":[36,72,180],"level.":[37],"In":[38],"this":[39],"study,":[40],"three":[41],"different":[42],"polycyclic":[43,81,163,192],"compounds,":[44],"namely":[45],"4,4'-bis(dimethylamino)phenylazo,":[46],"2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetophenone":[47,119,146,191],"4-phenylbenzophenone,":[49],"are":[50,66],"added":[51],"into":[52],"PP":[53,195],"matrix":[54],"with":[55,83],"addition":[57,117,128],"content":[58,144],"0.1":[60,101,189],"wt%.":[61],"The":[62,160,183],"electrical":[63,89,123,136,149,167,200],"treeing":[64],"experiments":[65],"conducted":[67],"under":[68],"impulse":[69,177],"superimposed":[70,178],"DC":[71,179],"at":[73],"30,":[74],"70":[75],"90":[77],"\u00b0C.":[78],"Then":[79],"compound":[82,193],"best":[85],"effect":[86,161],"on":[87,165],"inhibiting":[88],"selected,":[92],"its":[94],"filling":[95],"ratio":[96],"further":[98],"changed":[99],"from":[100],"wt%":[102,105,190],"0.3":[104],"get":[107],"optimal":[109],"inhibition":[110],"effect.":[111],"It":[112],"found":[114],"can":[120,196],"inhibit":[121,198],"degradation.":[125],"However,":[126],"4-phenylbenzophenone":[130],"4,4'-bis(dimethylamino)benzene":[132],"will":[133],"length":[138,151],"accumulated":[140,153],"damage.":[141],"As":[142],"increases,":[147],"damage":[154],"decrease":[155],"firstly,":[156],"then":[158],"increase.":[159],"compounds":[164],"degradation":[169],"affected":[171],"by":[172],"relative":[174],"polarity":[175],"temperature.":[182],"experimental":[184],"results":[185],"reveal":[186],"adding":[188],"effectively":[197],"degradation,":[202],"which":[203],"for":[207],"application":[208],"in":[209],"recycle":[210],"cables.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
