{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2997147832","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2962385","title":"A Physical Process Driven Digital Terrain Model Generating Method Based on D-NURBS","display_name":"A Physical Process Driven Digital Terrain Model Generating Method Based on D-NURBS","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2997147832","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2962385","mag":"2997147832"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2962385","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2962385","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08943381.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08943381.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045047394","display_name":"Danlei Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-6782"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Danlei Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Behavioral Semantics (LMIB), School of Mathematics and Systems Science, Beihang University, Beijing, China","Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-6782","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Behavioral Semantics (LMIB), School of Mathematics and Systems Science, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029039847","display_name":"Xin Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4762-3101"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing (BDBC), Beihang University, Beijing, China","Key Laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Behavioral Semantics (LMIB), School of Mathematics and Systems Science, Beihang University, Beijing, China","Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing (BDBC), Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Behavioral Semantics (LMIB), School of Mathematics and Systems Science, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081268493","display_name":"Guanying Huo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2568-8249"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guanying Huo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Behavioral Semantics (LMIB), School of Mathematics and Systems Science, Beihang University, Beijing, China","Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Behavioral Semantics (LMIB), School of Mathematics and Systems Science, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101431660","display_name":"Cheng Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-1239"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Behavioral Semantics (LMIB), School of Mathematics and Systems Science, Beihang University, Beijing, China","Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Behavioral Semantics (LMIB), School of Mathematics and Systems Science, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102781718","display_name":"Zehong Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6831-1428"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zehong Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Behavioral Semantics (LMIB), School of Mathematics and Systems Science, Beihang University, Beijing, China","School of Mathematical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Behavioral Semantics (LMIB), School of Mathematics and Systems Science, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101511926","display_name":"Bolun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2027-870X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bolun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Behavioral Semantics (LMIB), School of Mathematics and Systems Science, Beihang University, Beijing, China","Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Behavioral Semantics (LMIB), School of Mathematics and Systems Science, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101965096","display_name":"Zhiming Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2727-4445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiming Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Behavioral Semantics (LMIB), School of Mathematics and Systems Science, Beihang University, Beijing, China","Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Mathematics, Informatics and Behavioral Semantics (LMIB), School of Mathematics and Systems Science, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045047394"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793","https://openalex.org/I82880672"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14014666,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"3115","last_page":"3122"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9800000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.8742378354072571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.7908821105957031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrain","display_name":"Terrain","score":0.7677750587463379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.7081214785575867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranging","display_name":"Ranging","score":0.6855912208557129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6850517988204956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raised-relief-map","display_name":"Raised-relief map","score":0.650292694568634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.6395276784896851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-elevation-model","display_name":"Digital elevation model","score":0.5983598828315735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.4233067035675049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3378249406814575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.32321321964263916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.25667712092399597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.1505623757839203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12422013282775879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09044322371482849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.08089131116867065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.8742378354072571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.7908821105957031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.7677750587463379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.7081214785575867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.6855912208557129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6850517988204956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99695388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q350514","display_name":"Raised-relief map","level":3,"score":0.650292694568634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6395276784896851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181843262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640492","display_name":"Digital elevation model","level":2,"score":0.5983598828315735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4233067035675049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3378249406814575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.32321321964263916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.25667712092399597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1505623757839203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12422013282775879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09044322371482849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.08089131116867065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2962385","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2962385","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08943381.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fa9cf653d7124b0c89625939b8be2714","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fa9cf653d7124b0c89625939b8be2714","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 3115-3122 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2962385","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2962385","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08943381.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6100000143051147}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2457875297","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11290141","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3219187101","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Z180005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7788404580","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Z180005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G880870901","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB1107402","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2997147832.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2997147832.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W48960425","https://openalex.org/W65675914","https://openalex.org/W184119462","https://openalex.org/W1589770743","https://openalex.org/W1970057312","https://openalex.org/W1995807936","https://openalex.org/W2008070546","https://openalex.org/W2027781877","https://openalex.org/W2030359906","https://openalex.org/W2060599314","https://openalex.org/W2062751854","https://openalex.org/W2072723786","https://openalex.org/W2091168295","https://openalex.org/W2133085566","https://openalex.org/W2572696731","https://openalex.org/W2893420425","https://openalex.org/W2912662997","https://openalex.org/W2941849524","https://openalex.org/W2947299439","https://openalex.org/W2957801431","https://openalex.org/W2982182813","https://openalex.org/W6601946194","https://openalex.org/W6602668838","https://openalex.org/W6607468067","https://openalex.org/W6762874530"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2594043982","https://openalex.org/W3036493597","https://openalex.org/W4293094720","https://openalex.org/W2739701376","https://openalex.org/W4320725409","https://openalex.org/W2014835793","https://openalex.org/W2382137311","https://openalex.org/W2358448605","https://openalex.org/W2384793638","https://openalex.org/W4252605038"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Airborne":[0],"light":[1],"detection":[2],"and":[3,24,37,42,60,86,124],"ranging":[4],"(LiDAR)":[5],"technology":[6],"is":[7,20,78,96,119],"becoming":[8],"the":[9,45,57,82,92,99,107,116],"primary":[10],"method":[11,73,118],"for":[12,22,74],"generating":[13,72],"high-resolution":[14],"digital":[15],"terrain":[16,130],"models":[17],"(DTMs),":[18],"which":[19,80],"essential":[21],"commercial":[23],"scientific":[25],"uses.":[26],"In":[27,63],"order":[28],"to":[29],"generate":[30],"DTMs,":[31],"non-ground":[32],"features":[33],"as":[34],"buildings,":[35],"vehicles,":[36],"vegetation":[38],"must":[39],"be":[40],"recognized":[41],"distinguished":[43],"from":[44],"LiDAR":[46,76],"point":[47,83],"cloud.":[48],"However,":[49],"various":[50],"degrees":[51],"of":[52],"errors":[53,123],"may":[54],"accumulate":[55],"in":[56,121,129],"separated":[58],"filtering":[59],"modeling":[61],"processes.":[62],"this":[64],"paper,":[65],"a":[66,126],"novel":[67],"physical":[68,93],"process":[69,89,95],"driven":[70],"DTM":[71],"airborne":[75],"measurement":[77],"proposed,":[79],"combines":[81],"cloud":[84],"classification":[85],"surface":[87],"fitting":[88],"simultaneously.":[90],"Actually,":[91],"dynamic":[94],"integrated":[97],"with":[98],"common":[100],"non-uniform":[101],"rational":[102],"b-splines":[103],"(NURBS)":[104],"model":[105],"under":[106],"corresponding":[108],"parameter":[109],"mediation.":[110],"The":[111],"experimental":[112],"results":[113],"show":[114],"that":[115],"proposed":[117],"efficacious":[120],"reducing":[122],"have":[125],"nice":[127],"performance":[128],"fitting.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}