{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2994866182","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2960873","title":"CRowNet: Deep Network for Crop Row Detection in UAV Images","display_name":"CRowNet: Deep Network for Crop Row Detection in UAV Images","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2994866182","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2960873","mag":"2994866182"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2960873","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2960873","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08936895.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08936895.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049138414","display_name":"Mamadou Dian Bah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0733-8587"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12449238","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 d'Orl\u00e9ans","ror":"https://ror.org/014zrew76","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12449238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096782","display_name":"Laboratoire Pluridisciplinaire de Recherche en Ing\u00e9nierie des Syst\u00e8mes, M\u00e9canique et Energ\u00e9tique","ror":"https://ror.org/00sbth994","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12449238","https://openalex.org/I4210096782","https://openalex.org/I4210143826"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mamadou Dian Bah","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Orleans, PRISME, EA 4229, Orleans, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0733-8587","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Orleans, PRISME, EA 4229, Orleans, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12449238","https://openalex.org/I4210096782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061197809","display_name":"Adel Hafiane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3185-9996"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096782","display_name":"Laboratoire Pluridisciplinaire de Recherche en Ing\u00e9nierie des Syst\u00e8mes, M\u00e9canique et Energ\u00e9tique","ror":"https://ror.org/00sbth994","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12449238","https://openalex.org/I4210096782","https://openalex.org/I4210143826"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129154","display_name":"Centre Val de Loire","ror":"https://ror.org/03ntmtb29","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210129154"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143826","display_name":"Institut National des Sciences Appliqu\u00e9es Centre Val de Loire","ror":"https://ror.org/03y0qc033","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143826"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adel Hafiane","raw_affiliation_strings":["INSA Centre Val de Loire, PRISME, EA 4229, Bourges, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3185-9996","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INSA Centre Val de Loire, PRISME, EA 4229, Bourges, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129154","https://openalex.org/I4210096782","https://openalex.org/I4210143826"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068195100","display_name":"Rapha\u00ebl Canals","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9100-7539"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12449238","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 d'Orl\u00e9ans","ror":"https://ror.org/014zrew76","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12449238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096782","display_name":"Laboratoire Pluridisciplinaire de Recherche en Ing\u00e9nierie des Syst\u00e8mes, M\u00e9canique et Energ\u00e9tique","ror":"https://ror.org/00sbth994","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12449238","https://openalex.org/I4210096782","https://openalex.org/I4210143826"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raphael Canals","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Orleans, PRISME, EA 4229, Orleans, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9100-7539","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Orleans, PRISME, EA 4229, Orleans, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12449238","https://openalex.org/I4210096782"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":14.4927,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":154,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98838299,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"5189","last_page":"5200"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9703999757766724,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12894","display_name":"Date Palm Research Studies","score":0.9645000100135803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hough-transform","display_name":"Hough transform","score":0.8611485958099365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/row","display_name":"Row","score":0.6760756373405457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6636770367622375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6446734666824341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6225272417068481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-agriculture","display_name":"Precision agriculture","score":0.6206265687942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.585784375667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/row-crop","display_name":"Row crop","score":0.5652326345443726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5448278784751892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crop","display_name":"Crop","score":0.519961953163147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agriculture","display_name":"Agriculture","score":0.4515286684036255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.43647027015686035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.42159461975097656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-engineering","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","score":0.4008671045303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3060286045074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21229425072669983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agronomy","display_name":"Agronomy","score":0.13696280121803284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.0985758900642395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.09603771567344666}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200518788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q195076","display_name":"Hough transform","level":3,"score":0.8611485958099365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135598885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1366302","display_name":"Row","level":2,"score":0.6760756373405457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6636770367622375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6446734666824341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6225272417068481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120217122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740083","display_name":"Precision agriculture","level":3,"score":0.6206265687942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.585784375667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776366211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17052671","display_name":"Row crop","level":3,"score":0.5652326345443726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5448278784751892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137580998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235352","display_name":"Crop","level":2,"score":0.519961953163147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.4515286684036255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.43647027015686035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.42159461975097656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88463610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194118","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","level":1,"score":0.4008671045303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3060286045074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21229425072669983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.13696280121803284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0985758900642395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.09603771567344666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2960873","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2960873","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08936895.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03299535v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03299535","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN: 2169-3536","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:388c8938d22142c79a40d10cb4a1f5a9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/388c8938d22142c79a40d10cb4a1f5a9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 5189-5200 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2960873","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2960873","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08936895.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.7599999904632568,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2994866182.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2994866182.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1600079720","https://openalex.org/W1664573881","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W1973700570","https://openalex.org/W1976044339","https://openalex.org/W1976977979","https://openalex.org/W1989863789","https://openalex.org/W2000143088","https://openalex.org/W2003100298","https://openalex.org/W2012365210","https://openalex.org/W2024298659","https://openalex.org/W2038782607","https://openalex.org/W2041137640","https://openalex.org/W2042108112","https://openalex.org/W2073157127","https://openalex.org/W2075809231","https://openalex.org/W2080091930","https://openalex.org/W2081286693","https://openalex.org/W2091745481","https://openalex.org/W2104241941","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2119933653","https://openalex.org/W2123487311","https://openalex.org/W2127879788","https://openalex.org/W2133059825","https://openalex.org/W2158008371","https://openalex.org/W2163450852","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2276684766","https://openalex.org/W2288122362","https://openalex.org/W2624423843","https://openalex.org/W2752192487","https://openalex.org/W2767767563","https://openalex.org/W2780740184","https://openalex.org/W2789758573","https://openalex.org/W2790979755","https://openalex.org/W2793809663","https://openalex.org/W2866175125","https://openalex.org/W2886554959","https://openalex.org/W2895820365","https://openalex.org/W2895994027","https://openalex.org/W2898498213","https://openalex.org/W2899268189","https://openalex.org/W2949117887","https://openalex.org/W2963153291","https://openalex.org/W2963840672","https://openalex.org/W2963881378","https://openalex.org/W2964332990","https://openalex.org/W4237972181","https://openalex.org/W4239940119","https://openalex.org/W6637116368","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6638667902","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6696085341","https://openalex.org/W6739106209","https://openalex.org/W6747394537","https://openalex.org/W6755647922"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2095122925","https://openalex.org/W2073157127","https://openalex.org/W4224250339","https://openalex.org/W2064470949","https://openalex.org/W30576189","https://openalex.org/W2006771511","https://openalex.org/W2618943733","https://openalex.org/W3195677448","https://openalex.org/W2003100298","https://openalex.org/W2751888453"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nowadays,":[0],"the":[1,9,88,124,136,162],"development":[2],"of":[3,11,39,52,65,107,123,148,177,180],"robots":[4],"and":[5,56,87,114,133,138],"smart":[6],"tractors":[7],"for":[8,49,59],"automation":[10],"sowing,":[12],"harvesting,":[13],"weeding":[14],"etc.":[15],"is":[16,27,41,68,170],"transforming":[17],"agriculture.":[18,47],"Farmers":[19],"are":[20],"moving":[21],"from":[22],"an":[23,62,99,153],"agriculture":[24],"where":[25],"everything":[26],"applied":[28],"uniformly":[29],"to":[30,44,91,130,172],"a":[31,75,82,108,115,166],"much":[32],"more":[33],"targeted":[34],"farming.":[35],"This":[36],"new":[37,76],"kind":[38],"farming":[40],"commonly":[42],"referred":[43],"as":[45],"precision":[46],"However":[48],"autonomous":[50],"guidance":[51],"these":[53],"agricultural":[54],"machines":[55],"even":[57],"sometimes":[58],"weed":[60],"detection":[61,64,146],"accurate":[63],"crop":[66,93,144,157,168],"rows":[67,94,174],"required.":[69],"In":[70],"this":[71],"paper":[72],"we":[73],"propose":[74],"method":[77,105,126],"called":[78],"CRowNet":[79],"which":[80],"uses":[81],"convolutional":[83],"neural":[84],"network":[85],"(CNN)":[86],"Hough":[89,118],"transform":[90,119],"detect":[92,173],"in":[95,175],"images":[96,176],"taken":[97],"by":[98],"unmanned":[100],"aerial":[101],"vehicle":[102],"(UAV).":[103],"The":[104,121],"consists":[106],"model":[109,163],"formed":[110],"with":[111,152],"SegNet":[112],"(S-SegNet)":[113],"CNN":[116],"based":[117],"(HoughCNet).":[120],"performance":[122],"proposed":[125],"was":[127,150],"quantitatively":[128],"compared":[129],"traditional":[131],"approaches":[132],"it":[134],"showed":[135],"best":[137],"most":[139],"robust":[140],"result.":[141],"A":[142],"good":[143],"row":[145,158],"rate":[147],"93.58%":[149],"obtained":[151],"IoU":[154],"score":[155],"per":[156],"above":[159],"70%.":[160],"Moreover":[161],"trained":[164],"on":[165],"given":[167],"field":[169],"able":[171],"different":[178],"types":[179],"crops.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-06-16T09:24:06.705377","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}