{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2996148442","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2958867","title":"An Extremely Accurate Time Synchronization Mechanism in Fog-Based Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network","display_name":"An Extremely Accurate Time Synchronization Mechanism in Fog-Based Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2996148442","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2958867","mag":"2996148442"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2958867","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2958867","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08930528.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08930528.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008728640","display_name":"Junbin Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9328-4919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150807315","display_name":"Guangxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Junbin Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, School of Computer and Electronics Information, Guangxi University, Nanning, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, School of Computer and Electronics Information, Guangxi University, Nanning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087911558","display_name":"Kezhuang Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9463-9248"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150807315","display_name":"Guangxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/02c9qn167","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kezhuang Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, School of Computer and Electronics Information, Guangxi University, Nanning, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multimedia Communications and Network Technology, School of Computer and Electronics Information, Guangxi University, Nanning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008728640"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150807315"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.1143,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8110358,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"253","last_page":"268"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.9815000295639038,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9772999882698059,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8528725504875183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicular-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Vehicular ad hoc network","score":0.6438485980033875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-drift","display_name":"Clock drift","score":0.6290988326072693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronizing","display_name":"Synchronizing","score":0.6201558113098145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.607957124710083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","score":0.5870840549468994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.555605947971344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-synchronization","display_name":"Clock synchronization","score":0.5072336196899414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4734064042568207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.41895365715026855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.24754488468170166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.21203678846359253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08382290601730347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.07835602760314941}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8528725504875183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192448918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682677","display_name":"Vehicular ad hoc network","level":4,"score":0.6438485980033875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155837451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069144","display_name":"Clock drift","level":5,"score":0.6290988326072693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162932704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058791","display_name":"Synchronizing","level":3,"score":0.6201558113098145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.607957124710083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94523657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.5870840549468994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.555605947971344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129891060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513059","display_name":"Clock synchronization","level":4,"score":0.5072336196899414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4734064042568207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.41895365715026855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.24754488468170166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.21203678846359253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08382290601730347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.07835602760314941}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2958867","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2958867","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08930528.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:87611a69673f4a5cbc23cdaea748da96","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/87611a69673f4a5cbc23cdaea748da96","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 8, Pp 253-268 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2958867","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2958867","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8948470/08930528.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2010386442","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201704","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2214335821","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019GXNSF","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322768","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2802911279","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Young","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3284736301","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019GXNSFAA185042","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322768","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3433402576","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"6156200","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3724669893","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201704030062","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335480","funder_display_name":"Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4020255992","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Project","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G584131753","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61562005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5939423041","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Technology","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6429044885","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20170403","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322768","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335480","display_name":"Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2996148442.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2996148442.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W633013230","https://openalex.org/W1139121664","https://openalex.org/W1497474439","https://openalex.org/W1516205984","https://openalex.org/W1974672216","https://openalex.org/W1979014233","https://openalex.org/W2038194220","https://openalex.org/W2058533888","https://openalex.org/W2105666891","https://openalex.org/W2116646999","https://openalex.org/W2133044700","https://openalex.org/W2133940231","https://openalex.org/W2143229717","https://openalex.org/W2156511843","https://openalex.org/W2165039866","https://openalex.org/W2273385657","https://openalex.org/W2286325118","https://openalex.org/W2292820796","https://openalex.org/W2320187025","https://openalex.org/W2343050074","https://openalex.org/W2483269432","https://openalex.org/W2535552206","https://openalex.org/W2549687423","https://openalex.org/W2564755126","https://openalex.org/W2579405208","https://openalex.org/W2598480536","https://openalex.org/W2608982062","https://openalex.org/W2617672729","https://openalex.org/W2755064018","https://openalex.org/W2762963503","https://openalex.org/W2787230599","https://openalex.org/W2790475903","https://openalex.org/W2883361896","https://openalex.org/W2892167295","https://openalex.org/W2913196913","https://openalex.org/W2916272095","https://openalex.org/W2945227221","https://openalex.org/W2952524760","https://openalex.org/W2954380236","https://openalex.org/W2966440789","https://openalex.org/W3099200343"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2027636740","https://openalex.org/W2144712746","https://openalex.org/W3083853593","https://openalex.org/W1977555422","https://openalex.org/W2160540679","https://openalex.org/W2062688728","https://openalex.org/W3000741217","https://openalex.org/W3041897979","https://openalex.org/W2061231656","https://openalex.org/W2951566637"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fog-based":[0,36],"Vehicular":[1],"ad-hoc":[2,16],"networks":[3,17],"(VANETs)":[4],"are":[5],"new":[6],"kinds":[7],"of":[8,40,44,59,76,113,168],"network":[9,118],"that":[10,135,197],"combine":[11],"fog":[12],"computing":[13],"and":[14,33,47,93,186,193],"mobile":[15],"appeared":[18],"in":[19,26,67],"recent":[20],"years,":[21],"which":[22,50,122],"can":[23],"be":[24,130,138],"used":[25],"monitoring":[27],"traffic,":[28],"smart":[29],"driving,":[30,32],"safe":[31],"so":[34],"on.":[35],"VANET":[37,150],"is":[38,51,63,151,173],"composed":[39],"a":[41,52,64,133,143,176],"large":[42,65],"number":[43],"dynamic":[45,169],"nodes":[46,77],"static":[48],"nodes,":[49],"heterogeneous":[53],"network.":[54],"Due":[55],"to":[56,86,110,127,129,132,137,160],"the":[57,99,106,111,114,117,166,188],"heterogeneity":[58],"fog-based":[60,115,149],"VANET,":[61,116],"there":[62],"difference":[66],"clock":[68,75,162,183],"rate":[69],"between":[70],"different":[71],"nodes.":[72,107,170],"It":[73],"makes":[74],"soon":[78],"become":[79],"inconsistent.":[80],"The":[81,153],"inaccurate":[82],"clocks":[83,100],"would":[84],"lead":[85],"problems":[87],"such":[88],"as":[89],"imprecise":[90],"duty-cycle":[91],"scheduling":[92],"wrong":[94],"events":[95],"sequence,":[96],"etc.":[97],"Synchronizing":[98],"needs":[101,136],"multiple":[102],"message":[103,157],"exchanges":[104],"among":[105],"However,":[108],"due":[109],"mobility":[112,167],"topology":[119],"changes":[120],"dynamically,":[121],"may":[123],"cause":[124],"synchronization":[125,146,200],"packets":[126],"fail":[128],"transmitted":[131],"node":[134],"synchronized.":[139],"In":[140],"this":[141],"paper,":[142],"precise":[144],"time":[145,199,205],"mechanism":[147,154,201],"for":[148],"proposed.":[152],"uses":[155],"two-way":[156],"exchange":[158],"method":[159],"estimate":[161],"offset":[163,179],"through":[164],"analyzing":[165],"Clock":[171],"skew":[172],"corrected":[174],"using":[175],"carrier":[177],"frequency":[178,184],"(CFO)":[180],"based":[181],"hardware":[182],"estimation":[185],"considering":[187],"Doppler":[189],"effect.":[190],"Theoretical":[191],"analyses":[192],"simulation":[194],"results":[195],"show":[196],"our":[198],"achieves":[202],"highly":[203],"accurate":[204],"synchronization.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-15T08:11:43.952461","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
