{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2991305957","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2954791","title":"A Comprehensive Survey for Intelligent Spam Email Detection","display_name":"A Comprehensive Survey for Intelligent Spam Email Detection","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2991305957","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2954791","mag":"2991305957"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2954791","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2954791","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08907831.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08907831.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010244781","display_name":"Asif Karim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8532-6816"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29894533","display_name":"Charles Darwin University","ror":"https://ror.org/048zcaj52","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29894533"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asif Karim","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8532-6816","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29894533"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062716310","display_name":"Sami Azam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7572-9750"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29894533","display_name":"Charles Darwin University","ror":"https://ror.org/048zcaj52","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29894533"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sami Azam","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7572-9750","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29894533"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004069000","display_name":"Bharanidharan Shanmugam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2591-1949"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29894533","display_name":"Charles Darwin University","ror":"https://ror.org/048zcaj52","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29894533"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bharanidharan Shanmugam","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2591-1949","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29894533"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016346360","display_name":"Krishnan Kannoorpatti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0782-1525"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29894533","display_name":"Charles Darwin University","ror":"https://ror.org/048zcaj52","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29894533"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Krishnan Kannoorpatti","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0782-1525","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29894533"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018409592","display_name":"Mamoun Alazab","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1928-3704"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29894533","display_name":"Charles Darwin University","ror":"https://ror.org/048zcaj52","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29894533"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mamoun Alazab","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1928-3704","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29894533"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29894533"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":40.6991,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":242,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99738168,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"168261","last_page":"168295"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phishing","display_name":"Phishing","score":0.8549588918685913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8229968547821045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forum-spam","display_name":"Forum spam","score":0.6491469144821167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spambot","display_name":"Spambot","score":0.6392112374305725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spamming","display_name":"Spamming","score":0.5719993710517883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communication-source","display_name":"Communication source","score":0.5693293809890747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.5271945595741272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botnet","display_name":"Botnet","score":0.49758127331733704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance","display_name":"Relevance (law)","score":0.4884030222892761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.4542340636253357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malware","display_name":"Malware","score":0.44091352820396423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-mail","display_name":"Electronic mail","score":0.4268919825553894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3648940324783325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.2890545129776001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.08791735768318176}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83860907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135005","display_name":"Phishing","level":3,"score":0.8549588918685913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8229968547821045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157310412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140915","display_name":"Forum spam","level":5,"score":0.6491469144821167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127735637","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2306702","display_name":"Spambot","level":4,"score":0.6392112374305725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158955206","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83058","display_name":"Spamming","level":3,"score":0.5719993710517883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198104137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q974688","display_name":"Communication source","level":2,"score":0.5693293809890747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5271945595741272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22735295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317671","display_name":"Botnet","level":3,"score":0.49758127331733704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.4884030222892761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.4542340636253357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541664917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14001","display_name":"Malware","level":2,"score":0.44091352820396423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020028006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9158","display_name":"Electronic mail","level":2,"score":0.4268919825553894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3648940324783325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.2890545129776001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.08791735768318176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2954791","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2954791","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08907831.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9c89b80c58b4499da72e422ba7c7d021","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9c89b80c58b4499da72e422ba7c7d021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 168261-168295 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:3732049","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/3732049","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2954791","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2954791","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08907831.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2991305957.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2991305957.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":219,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W9904157","https://openalex.org/W59786464","https://openalex.org/W73281580","https://openalex.org/W188174107","https://openalex.org/W1515931177","https://openalex.org/W1527066116","https://openalex.org/W1530453268","https://openalex.org/W1554270441","https://openalex.org/W1557017917","https://openalex.org/W1576514601","https://openalex.org/W1783786644","https://openalex.org/W1795755771","https://openalex.org/W1891841982","https://openalex.org/W1930835045","https://openalex.org/W1947097685","https://openalex.org/W1964193191","https://openalex.org/W1965961515","https://openalex.org/W1968314519","https://openalex.org/W1970024574","https://openalex.org/W1971011125","https://openalex.org/W1972303389","https://openalex.org/W1980867644","https://openalex.org/W1983317944","https://openalex.org/W1992826718","https://openalex.org/W1993132138","https://openalex.org/W1994871456","https://openalex.org/W1995701180","https://openalex.org/W1996483796","https://openalex.org/W2002964284","https://openalex.org/W2004393367","https://openalex.org/W2006958905","https://openalex.org/W2007652426","https://openalex.org/W2012969172","https://openalex.org/W2013202370","https://openalex.org/W2015063698","https://openalex.org/W2027469568","https://openalex.org/W2028223155","https://openalex.org/W2029677459","https://openalex.org/W2031481712","https://openalex.org/W2039641042","https://openalex.org/W2048697945","https://openalex.org/W2049023511","https://openalex.org/W2051297055","https://openalex.org/W2051493830","https://openalex.org/W2052250245","https://openalex.org/W2054869233","https://openalex.org/W2061535005","https://openalex.org/W2063151808","https://openalex.org/W2063252718","https://openalex.org/W2064989705","https://openalex.org/W2065938751","https://openalex.org/W2068325098","https://openalex.org/W2072981546","https://openalex.org/W2073432311","https://openalex.org/W2075252441","https://openalex.org/W2077450748","https://openalex.org/W2080913999","https://openalex.org/W2082050349","https://openalex.org/W2084538762","https://openalex.org/W2086504900","https://openalex.org/W2088469608","https://openalex.org/W2089159695","https://openalex.org/W2090347203","https://openalex.org/W2094603098","https://openalex.org/W2095705004","https://openalex.org/W2097350013","https://openalex.org/W2097619289","https://openalex.org/W2098162425","https://openalex.org/W2099502475","https://openalex.org/W2099810498","https://openalex.org/W2103333826","https://openalex.org/W2103647733","https://openalex.org/W2108214308","https://openalex.org/W2112057568","https://openalex.org/W2116300553","https://openalex.org/W2119018277","https://openalex.org/W2121722507","https://openalex.org/W2122384092","https://openalex.org/W2129624205","https://openalex.org/W2134902221","https://openalex.org/W2139576926","https://openalex.org/W2141758992","https://openalex.org/W2142081864","https://openalex.org/W2148614760","https://openalex.org/W2161270746","https://openalex.org/W2166559705","https://openalex.org/W2172607710","https://openalex.org/W2182644107","https://openalex.org/W2185177373","https://openalex.org/W2218675318","https://openalex.org/W2264685884","https://openalex.org/W2267649900","https://openalex.org/W2282887337","https://openalex.org/W2289002968","https://openalex.org/W2326965785","https://openalex.org/W2339818505","https://openalex.org/W2340809277","https://openalex.org/W2388245502","https://openalex.org/W2400271157","https://openalex.org/W2400277410","https://openalex.org/W2404849474","https://openalex.org/W2407689222","https://openalex.org/W2407984922","https://openalex.org/W2419486802","https://openalex.org/W2466944894","https://openalex.org/W2472583490","https://openalex.org/W2479557781","https://openalex.org/W2497967381","https://openalex.org/W2501259350","https://openalex.org/W2505654913","https://openalex.org/W2508084812","https://openalex.org/W2510620627","https://openalex.org/W2522871920","https://openalex.org/W2539028062","https://openalex.org/W2551261514","https://openalex.org/W2551827541","https://openalex.org/W2554974061","https://openalex.org/W2558008350","https://openalex.org/W2558099125","https://openalex.org/W2568570541","https://openalex.org/W2576070019","https://openalex.org/W2579367737","https://openalex.org/W2581309730","https://openalex.org/W2584365319","https://openalex.org/W2587553124","https://openalex.org/W2588813228","https://openalex.org/W2589724129","https://openalex.org/W2590571889","https://openalex.org/W2592096356","https://openalex.org/W2594125367","https://openalex.org/W2605118652","https://openalex.org/W2613659548","https://openalex.org/W2616337006","https://openalex.org/W2618014102","https://openalex.org/W2725582697","https://openalex.org/W2734340455","https://openalex.org/W2736147712","https://openalex.org/W2738135128","https://openalex.org/W2744783858","https://openalex.org/W2754695216","https://openalex.org/W2761482307","https://openalex.org/W2762644836","https://openalex.org/W2765775138","https://openalex.org/W2766453073","https://openalex.org/W2767593587","https://openalex.org/W2771340047","https://openalex.org/W2774353014","https://openalex.org/W2782117716","https://openalex.org/W2783033852","https://openalex.org/W2786564990","https://openalex.org/W2793185826","https://openalex.org/W2793200791","https://openalex.org/W2793386866","https://openalex.org/W2793412634","https://openalex.org/W2795481720","https://openalex.org/W2796931512","https://openalex.org/W2802772536","https://openalex.org/W2809430074","https://openalex.org/W2892501260","https://openalex.org/W2901292257","https://openalex.org/W2903976715","https://openalex.org/W2914331662","https://openalex.org/W2920725015","https://openalex.org/W2926701059","https://openalex.org/W2941855598","https://openalex.org/W2953236426","https://openalex.org/W2963747732","https://openalex.org/W2978916182","https://openalex.org/W2998241033","https://openalex.org/W3003576327","https://openalex.org/W3021005602","https://openalex.org/W3099185017","https://openalex.org/W3123969097","https://openalex.org/W3150057651","https://openalex.org/W3181452815","https://openalex.org/W4205947740","https://openalex.org/W4213319146","https://openalex.org/W4231834212","https://openalex.org/W4246376112","https://openalex.org/W4250857377","https://openalex.org/W4251225685","https://openalex.org/W4251553127","https://openalex.org/W4255751405","https://openalex.org/W6600388185","https://openalex.org/W6603072274","https://openalex.org/W6607659811","https://openalex.org/W6630746932","https://openalex.org/W6631741569","https://openalex.org/W6631887742","https://openalex.org/W6640284647","https://openalex.org/W6643238499","https://openalex.org/W6648836312","https://openalex.org/W6649167929","https://openalex.org/W6674330103","https://openalex.org/W6675969814","https://openalex.org/W6676903209","https://openalex.org/W6679416362","https://openalex.org/W6685286602","https://openalex.org/W6686146533","https://openalex.org/W6688496910","https://openalex.org/W6693070612","https://openalex.org/W6695846932","https://openalex.org/W6703301419","https://openalex.org/W6704052475","https://openalex.org/W6713667828","https://openalex.org/W6717409747","https://openalex.org/W6730047012","https://openalex.org/W6732823879","https://openalex.org/W6738379573","https://openalex.org/W6743946021","https://openalex.org/W6745010858","https://openalex.org/W6745147428","https://openalex.org/W6747381585","https://openalex.org/W6748628948","https://openalex.org/W6752789660","https://openalex.org/W6776535907","https://openalex.org/W6798304838","https://openalex.org/W6812986302","https://openalex.org/W6979840806"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2018000323","https://openalex.org/W2095720311","https://openalex.org/W2403960249","https://openalex.org/W2898345088","https://openalex.org/W2080521416","https://openalex.org/W1937320931","https://openalex.org/W1481472066","https://openalex.org/W4207052104","https://openalex.org/W2006660551","https://openalex.org/W2340026615"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,112],"tremendously":[1],"growing":[2],"problem":[3],"of":[4,36,95,100,127,146,163],"phishing":[5,13],"e-mail,":[6],"also":[7],"known":[8],"as":[9],"spam":[10,15,47,206],"including":[11,152],"spear":[12],"or":[14],"borne":[16],"malware,":[17],"has":[18],"demanded":[19],"a":[20,32],"need":[21],"for":[22,45,74,194],"reliable":[23],"intelligent":[24,46,75,166,205],"anti-spam":[25],"e-mail":[26],"filters.":[27],"This":[28,188],"survey":[29,35,190],"paper":[30],"describes":[31],"focused":[33],"literature":[34],"Artificial":[37],"Intelligence":[38],"(AI)":[39],"and":[40,92,98,105,108,121,155,175,180,200],"Machine":[41],"Learning":[42],"(ML)":[43],"methods":[44],"email":[48,91,103,141,150,207],"detection,":[49],"which":[50],"we":[51,62],"believe":[52],"can":[53,71],"help":[54],"in":[55,66,139,185],"developing":[56],"appropriate":[57],"countermeasures.":[58],"In":[59],"this":[60,186],"paper,":[61],"considered":[63],"4":[64],"parts":[65],"the":[67,102,159,161,192],"email's":[68],"structure":[69],"that":[70,87],"be":[72],"used":[73],"analysis:":[76],"(A)":[77],"Headers":[78],"Provide":[79],"Routing":[80],"Information,":[81],"contain":[82],"mail":[83,116],"transfer":[84],"agents":[85],"(MTA)":[86],"provide":[88],"information":[89,131],"like":[90,132],"IP":[93],"address":[94],"each":[96,170],"sender":[97],"recipient":[99],"where":[101],"originated":[104],"what":[106],"stopovers,":[107],"final":[109],"destination.":[110],"(B)":[111],"SMTP":[113,128,147],"Envelope,":[114],"containing":[115,130,149],"exchangers'":[117],"identification,":[118],"originating":[119],"source":[120],"destination":[122],"domains\\users.":[123],"(C)":[124],"First":[125],"part":[126,145],"Data,":[129,148],"from,":[133],"to,":[134],"date,":[135],"subject":[136],"-":[137],"appearing":[138],"most":[140],"clients":[142],"(D)":[143],"Second":[144],"body":[151],"text":[153],"content,":[154],"attachment.":[156],"Based":[157],"on":[158],"number":[160],"relevance":[162],"an":[164],"emerging":[165],"method,":[167],"papers":[168],"representing":[169],"method":[171],"were":[172],"identified,":[173],"read,":[174],"summarized.":[176],"Insightful":[177],"findings,":[178],"challenges":[179],"research":[181,196],"problems":[182],"are":[183],"disclosed":[184],"paper.":[187],"comprehensive":[189],"paves":[191],"way":[193],"future":[195],"endeavors":[197],"addressing":[198],"theoretical":[199],"empirical":[201],"aspects":[202],"related":[203],"to":[204],"detection.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":49},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":46},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":22}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}