{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2982505181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2949782","title":"A Comprehensive Survey on Secure Outsourced Computation and Its Applications","display_name":"A Comprehensive Survey on Secure Outsourced Computation and Its Applications","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2982505181","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2949782","mag":"2982505181"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2949782","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2949782","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08884162.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08884162.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100397670","display_name":"Yang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7891-2670"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I354108","display_name":"Minjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00s7tkw17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I354108"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126530","display_name":"Data Assurance and Communication Security","ror":"https://ror.org/02z2gfm30","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210126530","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132990","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Cryptology","ror":"https://ror.org/02pn5rj08","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Processing and Intelligent Control, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China","Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Data Security and Privacy Protection, Guangzhou, China","Guangxi Key Laboratory of Cryptography and Information Security, Guangxi, China","University Key Laboratory of Information Security of Network Systems, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Processing and Intelligent Control, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I354108"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Data Security and Privacy Protection, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126530"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Cryptography and Information Security, Guangxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132990"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Key Laboratory of Information Security of Network Systems, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101072704","display_name":"Xindi Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6778-6538"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xindi Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","University Key Laboratory of Information Security of Network Systems, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Key Laboratory of Information Security of Network Systems, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058120371","display_name":"Ximeng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4238-3295"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ximeng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","University Key Laboratory of Information Security of Network Systems, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Key Laboratory of Information Security of Network Systems, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036420194","display_name":"Hongju Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0768-7859"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80947539","display_name":"Fuzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xvna82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongju Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80947539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082041657","display_name":"Jian Weng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126530","display_name":"Data Assurance and Communication Security","ror":"https://ror.org/02z2gfm30","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210126530","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Weng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Data Security and Privacy Protection, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Data Security and Privacy Protection, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126530"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102018721","display_name":"Xiangyang Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6062-2950"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangyang Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing, Zhengzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Mathematical Engineering and Advanced Computing, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064078720","display_name":"Victor Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8012-5852"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I874055015","display_name":"Teesside University","ror":"https://ror.org/03z28gk75","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I874055015"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victor Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Engineering and Digital Technologies, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Engineering and Digital Technologies, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I874055015"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100397670"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I354108","https://openalex.org/I4210126530","https://openalex.org/I4210132990","https://openalex.org/I80947539"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":3.7574,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":58,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94757249,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"159426","last_page":"159465"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outsourcing","display_name":"Outsourcing","score":0.8596487045288086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7907877564430237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homomorphic-encryption","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","score":0.7452973127365112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.6680411696434021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6218293309211731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.6045929193496704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/guard","display_name":"Guard (computer science)","score":0.5863614082336426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.5686378479003906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5341858863830566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secure-multi-party-computation","display_name":"Secure multi-party computation","score":0.4850730001926422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secure-two-party-computation","display_name":"Secure two-party computation","score":0.4452385902404785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.43920397758483887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-guard","display_name":"Security guard","score":0.43537232279777527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.17557242512702942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.08716511726379395}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46934059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61515","display_name":"Outsourcing","level":2,"score":0.8596487045288086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7907877564430237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158338273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2154943","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","level":3,"score":0.7452973127365112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.6680411696434021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6218293309211731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.6045929193496704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141141315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2379942","display_name":"Guard (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5863614082336426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.5686378479003906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5341858863830566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18396474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2465888","display_name":"Secure multi-party computation","level":3,"score":0.4850730001926422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13652956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7444883","display_name":"Secure two-party computation","level":4,"score":0.4452385902404785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.43920397758483887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992838255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856887","display_name":"Security guard","level":2,"score":0.43537232279777527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.17557242512702942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.08716511726379395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2949782","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2949782","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08884162.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:https://research.tees.ac.uk/ws/oai:openaire/d9adc8d5-a561-42d3-9155-4527471915fb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tees.ac.uk/en/publications/d9adc8d5-a561-42d3-9155-4527471915fb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401198","display_name":"TeesRep (Teesside University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I874055015","host_organization_name":"Teesside University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I874055015"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Yang, Y, Huang, X, Liu, X, Cheng, H, Weng, J, Luo, X & Chang, V 2019, 'A Comprehensive Survey on Secure Outsourced Computation and Its Applications', IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 159426 - 159465. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2949782","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:082a3223f2e84803978301a5b9d3cb42","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/082a3223f2e84803978301a5b9d3cb42","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 159426-159465 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2949782","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2949782","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08884162.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1477544716","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Guangdong","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3905447805","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019B030301004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4057172548","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201721","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4700371085","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61872091","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5034728233","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MJUKF-IPIC201906","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325946","funder_display_name":"Minjiang University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7437864264","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201906","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7660917868","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"004-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325946","display_name":"Minjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00s7tkw17"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2982505181.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2982505181.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":399,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3168804","https://openalex.org/W56544557","https://openalex.org/W66018615","https://openalex.org/W98014980","https://openalex.org/W104209573","https://openalex.org/W129088861","https://openalex.org/W133884053","https://openalex.org/W149545418","https://openalex.org/W179458199","https://openalex.org/W274821518","https://openalex.org/W346929228","https://openalex.org/W655626130","https://openalex.org/W774911181","https://openalex.org/W809859946","https://openalex.org/W913176383","https://openalex.org/W1480225633","https://openalex.org/W1480988843","https://openalex.org/W1487173686","https://openalex.org/W1488338708","https://openalex.org/W1493307014","https://openalex.org/W1494049356","https://openalex.org/W1501402336","https://openalex.org/W1502124338","https://openalex.org/W1529862094","https://openalex.org/W1539859404","https://openalex.org/W1541096476","https://openalex.org/W1543354430","https://openalex.org/W1544327602","https://openalex.org/W1544695791","https://openalex.org/W1547390726","https://openalex.org/W1556212265","https://openalex.org/W1569778844","https://openalex.org/W1571926107","https://openalex.org/W1575598731","https://openalex.org/W1577715605","https://openalex.org/W1623766202","https://openalex.org/W1623873962","https://openalex.org/W1648885110","https://openalex.org/W1762781255","https://openalex.org/W1779006005","https://openalex.org/W1798609567","https://openalex.org/W1826232489","https://openalex.org/W1826331571","https://openalex.org/W1853548709","https://openalex.org/W1882297107","https://openalex.org/W1888364621","https://openalex.org/W1889757464","https://openalex.org/W1895952394","https://openalex.org/W1917314811","https://openalex.org/W1948403713","https://openalex.org/W1965805783","https://openalex.org/W1966731635","https://openalex.org/W1968034301","https://openalex.org/W1971991172","https://openalex.org/W1973393984","https://openalex.org/W1975199330","https://openalex.org/W1978394996","https://openalex.org/W1980516015","https://openalex.org/W1981663184","https://openalex.org/W1981961329","https://openalex.org/W1982306593","https://openalex.org/W1984153141","https://openalex.org/W1985225657","https://openalex.org/W1988007981","https://openalex.org/W1988790447","https://openalex.org/W1989290014","https://openalex.org/W1992282993","https://openalex.org/W1993141132","https://openalex.org/W1996360405","https://openalex.org/W2006453614","https://openalex.org/W2007466965","https://openalex.org/W2008132298","https://openalex.org/W2014784356","https://openalex.org/W2016621069","https://openalex.org/W2019891719","https://openalex.org/W2025813159","https://openalex.org/W2027090774","https://openalex.org/W2029806473","https://openalex.org/W2031533839","https://openalex.org/W2031738616","https://openalex.org/W2038473034","https://openalex.org/W2038942569","https://openalex.org/W2039605106","https://openalex.org/W2043944888","https://openalex.org/W2045284023","https://openalex.org/W2048994663","https://openalex.org/W2054209169","https://openalex.org/W2055817410","https://openalex.org/W2056348028","https://openalex.org/W2056610114","https://openalex.org/W2061949491","https://openalex.org/W2063068607","https://openalex.org/W2063575624","https://openalex.org/W2068238369","https://openalex.org/W2080911030","https://openalex.org/W2084224084","https://openalex.org/W2088255299","https://openalex.org/W2088492763","https://openalex.org/W2089468229","https://openalex.org/W2089987227","https://openalex.org/W2092422002","https://openalex.org/W2095514538","https://openalex.org/W2097184218","https://openalex.org/W2098026127","https://openalex.org/W2098622176","https://openalex.org/W2101619412","https://openalex.org/W2108834246","https://openalex.org/W2109131581","https://openalex.org/W2114277262","https://openalex.org/W2116025923","https://openalex.org/W2117362057","https://openalex.org/W2118006580","https://openalex.org/W2119605622","https://openalex.org/W2124386111","https://openalex.org/W2125556232","https://openalex.org/W2126531634","https://openalex.org/W2126650182","https://openalex.org/W2128309988","https://openalex.org/W2128906841","https://openalex.org/W2129548234","https://openalex.org/W2130901615","https://openalex.org/W2131043660","https://openalex.org/W2131646073","https://openalex.org/W2132172731","https://openalex.org/W2135157467","https://openalex.org/W2135947134","https://openalex.org/W2136186853","https://openalex.org/W2136624667","https://openalex.org/W2136926597","https://openalex.org/W2136936712","https://openalex.org/W2138451337","https://openalex.org/W2141420453","https://openalex.org/W2143087446","https://openalex.org/W2144622095","https://openalex.org/W2145029920","https://openalex.org/W2147667726","https://openalex.org/W2150620897","https://openalex.org/W2152926062","https://openalex.org/W2153478646","https://openalex.org/W2154797012","https://openalex.org/W2156030242","https://openalex.org/W2158112071","https://openalex.org/W2160881889","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2162363208","https://openalex.org/W2167094273","https://openalex.org/W2169528473","https://openalex.org/W2169829822","https://openalex.org/W2170444562","https://openalex.org/W2170696315","https://openalex.org/W2173213060","https://openalex.org/W2198130350","https://openalex.org/W2201294065","https://openalex.org/W2212846837","https://openalex.org/W2218239923","https://openalex.org/W2233194383","https://openalex.org/W2250570571","https://openalex.org/W2255171392","https://openalex.org/W2280409606","https://openalex.org/W2284068942","https://openalex.org/W2292732965","https://openalex.org/W2294174576","https://openalex.org/W2295445672","https://openalex.org/W2321567755","https://openalex.org/W2326245332","https://openalex.org/W2327741840","https://openalex.org/W2329726227","https://openalex.org/W2335172009","https://openalex.org/W2345299345","https://openalex.org/W2345464210","https://openalex.org/W2378756712","https://openalex.org/W2380238046","https://openalex.org/W2398056013","https://openalex.org/W2398092817","https://openalex.org/W2398360599","https://openalex.org/W2398802161","https://openalex.org/W2401959250","https://openalex.org/W2405356014","https://openalex.org/W2405716888","https://openalex.org/W2406176316","https://openalex.org/W2408215209","https://openalex.org/W2409809914","https://openalex.org/W2410319475","https://openalex.org/W2417169526","https://openalex.org/W2425720790","https://openalex.org/W2435473771","https://openalex.org/W2460441129","https://openalex.org/W2461759357","https://openalex.org/W2469100438","https://openalex.org/W2474861573","https://openalex.org/W2481704219","https://openalex.org/W2504389705","https://openalex.org/W2508192500","https://openalex.org/W2516003700","https://openalex.org/W2525265766","https://openalex.org/W2534976269","https://openalex.org/W2536125594","https://openalex.org/W2540248696","https://openalex.org/W2551980355","https://openalex.org/W2554750353","https://openalex.org/W2556372986","https://openalex.org/W2556836754","https://openalex.org/W2560900474","https://openalex.org/W2561240722","https://openalex.org/W2563760868","https://openalex.org/W2573237164","https://openalex.org/W2587735315","https://openalex.org/W2591909022","https://openalex.org/W2592546899","https://openalex.org/W2593994116","https://openalex.org/W2594788331","https://openalex.org/W2596492958","https://openalex.org/W2597855176","https://openalex.org/W2598774075","https://openalex.org/W2605105376","https://openalex.org/W2606774910","https://openalex.org/W2606882085","https://openalex.org/W2610620376","https://openalex.org/W2616901112","https://openalex.org/W2617299507","https://openalex.org/W2620921290","https://openalex.org/W2623856551","https://openalex.org/W2624841517","https://openalex.org/W2681571577","https://openalex.org/W2734617719","https://openalex.org/W2738375337","https://openalex.org/W2738534180","https://openalex.org/W2738798323","https://openalex.org/W2740840499","https://openalex.org/W2747706482","https://openalex.org/W2750734724","https://openalex.org/W2751696670","https://openalex.org/W2754668202","https://openalex.org/W2757101869","https://openalex.org/W2758152646","https://openalex.org/W2766393794","https://openalex.org/W2768096246","https://openalex.org/W2768174108","https://openalex.org/W2768347741","https://openalex.org/W2768505000","https://openalex.org/W2770638201","https://openalex.org/W2771135883","https://openalex.org/W2773773675","https://openalex.org/W2775506705","https://openalex.org/W2776652484","https://openalex.org/W2779039779","https://openalex.org/W2781469847","https://openalex.org/W2789139105","https://openalex.org/W2789569462","https://openalex.org/W2789760348","https://openalex.org/W2791095803","https://openalex.org/W2791390287","https://openalex.org/W2791459719","https://openalex.org/W2791750046","https://openalex.org/W2792025012","https://openalex.org/W2792259172","https://openalex.org/W2792587241","https://openalex.org/W2793031414","https://openalex.org/W2794031572","https://openalex.org/W2794501668","https://openalex.org/W2794939374","https://openalex.org/W2795097198","https://openalex.org/W2795339516","https://openalex.org/W2795685928","https://openalex.org/W2796072820","https://openalex.org/W2802758511","https://openalex.org/W2805308357","https://openalex.org/W2807358685","https://openalex.org/W2807899116","https://openalex.org/W2810505968","https://openalex.org/W2884663261","https://openalex.org/W2885347723","https://openalex.org/W2889158727","https://openalex.org/W2892978152","https://openalex.org/W2893368739","https://openalex.org/W2896172179","https://openalex.org/W2896424003","https://openalex.org/W2896684650","https://openalex.org/W2896938420","https://openalex.org/W2899480035","https://openalex.org/W2900369422","https://openalex.org/W2901398322","https://openalex.org/W2904191172","https://openalex.org/W2905068761","https://openalex.org/W2905490635","https://openalex.org/W2906842839","https://openalex.org/W2907462141","https://openalex.org/W2907842073","https://openalex.org/W2908066199","https://openalex.org/W2909063002","https://openalex.org/W2909797774","https://openalex.org/W2911667635","https://openalex.org/W2912437396","https://openalex.org/W2913706683","https://openalex.org/W2913851425","https://openalex.org/W2915650002","https://openalex.org/W2917840341","https://openalex.org/W2920486157","https://openalex.org/W2921215910","https://openalex.org/W2936154336","https://openalex.org/W2936995161","https://openalex.org/W2937365717","https://openalex.org/W2937391505","https://openalex.org/W2944613252","https://openalex.org/W2944889944","https://openalex.org/W2946972653","https://openalex.org/W2948576725","https://openalex.org/W2949073274","https://openalex.org/W2950168363","https://openalex.org/W2950598441","https://openalex.org/W2950798191","https://openalex.org/W2963801501","https://openalex.org/W2964096821","https://openalex.org/W2970097841","https://openalex.org/W3028867652","https://openalex.org/W3030895724","https://openalex.org/W3095317724","https://openalex.org/W3125094869","https://openalex.org/W3141585064","https://openalex.org/W3141796657","https://openalex.org/W4232407716","https://openalex.org/W4232836212","https://openalex.org/W4289766020","https://openalex.org/W4300537474","https://openalex.org/W6600130362","https://openalex.org/W6602271536","https://openalex.org/W6605228434","https://openalex.org/W6605489568","https://openalex.org/W6611554128","https://openalex.org/W6622512067","https://openalex.org/W6624526749","https://openalex.org/W6628587945","https://openalex.org/W6629194106","https://openalex.org/W6629574782","https://openalex.org/W6631473233","https://openalex.org/W6632713426","https://openalex.org/W6632778711","https://openalex.org/W6634182471","https://openalex.org/W6634280684","https://openalex.org/W6634485274","https://openalex.org/W6636379735","https://openalex.org/W6636464157","https://openalex.org/W6636944375","https://openalex.org/W6638658418","https://openalex.org/W6640016726","https://openalex.org/W6661889943","https://openalex.org/W6679568130","https://openalex.org/W6679901167","https://openalex.org/W6680072431","https://openalex.org/W6680949620","https://openalex.org/W6688725183","https://openalex.org/W6689691597","https://openalex.org/W6712184890","https://openalex.org/W6712193006","https://openalex.org/W6712237015","https://openalex.org/W6712397329","https://openalex.org/W6712430057","https://openalex.org/W6713019613","https://openalex.org/W6713667696","https://openalex.org/W6713812367","https://openalex.org/W6716744096","https://openalex.org/W6718865826","https://openalex.org/W6729667700","https://openalex.org/W6730367870","https://openalex.org/W6730860369","https://openalex.org/W6734345789","https://openalex.org/W6734595807","https://openalex.org/W6736032805","https://openalex.org/W6738203914","https://openalex.org/W6738669364","https://openalex.org/W6739213344","https://openalex.org/W6741946133","https://openalex.org/W6743706254","https://openalex.org/W6745666003","https://openalex.org/W6745940941","https://openalex.org/W6746138031","https://openalex.org/W6746776124","https://openalex.org/W6746949759","https://openalex.org/W6746973193","https://openalex.org/W6748704489","https://openalex.org/W6749324398","https://openalex.org/W6749367203","https://openalex.org/W6749731947","https://openalex.org/W6750751420","https://openalex.org/W6752007554","https://openalex.org/W6752570699","https://openalex.org/W6753647347","https://openalex.org/W6755949817","https://openalex.org/W6757892731","https://openalex.org/W6758031864","https://openalex.org/W6758463619","https://openalex.org/W6761030284","https://openalex.org/W6762497297","https://openalex.org/W6763116988","https://openalex.org/W6763627433","https://openalex.org/W6764397683","https://openalex.org/W6778434676","https://openalex.org/W6939767756","https://openalex.org/W7005724485"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2379568912","https://openalex.org/W2505999637","https://openalex.org/W2383607474","https://openalex.org/W2514694821","https://openalex.org/W2083701517","https://openalex.org/W2082804893","https://openalex.org/W2382527959","https://openalex.org/W87038205","https://openalex.org/W2001084165","https://openalex.org/W3127779352"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,34,47,94,132,142,145,154],"ever-increasing":[2],"requirement":[3],"of":[4,82,102,136,144,158],"storage":[5],"and":[6,41,80,100,121,124,134,148,156,161],"computation":[7,31,89],"resources,":[8],"it":[9],"is":[10],"unrealistic":[11],"for":[12,65],"local":[13],"devices":[14],"(with":[15],"limited":[16],"sources)":[17],"to":[18,28,33,44],"implement":[19],"large-scale":[20],"data":[21,37],"processing.":[22],"Therefore,":[23],"individuals":[24],"or":[25],"corporations":[26],"incline":[27],"outsource":[29],"their":[30,125],"requirements":[32,101],"cloud.":[35],"However,":[36],"outsourcing":[38,63,84,104],"brings":[39],"security":[40,98,155],"privacy":[42],"concerns":[43],"users":[45],"when":[46],"cloud":[48],"servers":[49],"are":[50,58],"not":[51],"fully":[52],"trusted.":[53],"Recently,":[54],"extensive":[55],"research":[56],"works":[57,160],"conducted,":[59],"aiming":[60],"at":[61],"secure":[62,88,103,110,113],"schemes":[64,85],"diverse":[66,87],"computational":[67],"tasks":[68],"via":[69],"different":[70],"technologies.":[71],"In":[72],"this":[73,166],"survey,":[74],"we":[75,92,107,129,152],"provide":[76],"a":[77],"technical":[78],"review":[79],"comparison":[81],"existing":[83,159],"using":[86],"methods.":[90],"Specifically,":[91],"begin":[93],"survey":[95],"by":[96],"describing":[97],"threats":[99],"computation.":[105],"Meanwhile,":[106],"introduce":[108],"four":[109],"techniques":[111],"(i.e.,":[112],"multi-party":[114],"computation,":[115],"pseudorandom":[116],"functions,":[117],"software":[118],"guard":[119],"extensions,":[120],"perturbation":[122],"approaches)":[123],"related":[126],"works.":[127],"Then,":[128],"focus":[130],"on":[131],"theories":[133],"evolution":[135],"homomorphic":[137],"encryption,":[138],"as":[139,141],"well":[140],"applications":[143],"basic":[146],"operations":[147],"application-specific":[149],"tasks.":[150],"Finally,":[151],"discuss":[153],"performance":[157],"give":[162],"future":[163],"directions":[164],"in":[165],"field.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-04-13T07:58:08.660418","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}