{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2980546489","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2948019","title":"An Advanced PID Based Control Technique With Adaptive Parameter Scheduling for A Nonlinear CSTR Plant","display_name":"An Advanced PID Based Control Technique With Adaptive Parameter Scheduling for A Nonlinear CSTR Plant","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2980546489","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2948019","mag":"2980546489"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2948019","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2948019","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2948019","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035842768","display_name":"Obaid Alshammari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2236-1355"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Obaid Alshammari","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022569306","display_name":"Muhammad Nasiruddin Mahyuddin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9955-3152"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Nasiruddin Mahyuddin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042145292","display_name":"Houssem Jerbi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1816-3767"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088963","display_name":"University of Ha'il","ror":"https://ror.org/013w98a82","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088963"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Houssem Jerbi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industrial Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088963"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035842768"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.4968,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83155482,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"158085","last_page":"158094"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10791","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Optimization","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11081","display_name":"Advanced Control Systems Design","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuous-stirred-tank-reactor","display_name":"Continuous stirred-tank reactor","score":0.9003985524177551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pid-controller","display_name":"PID controller","score":0.881573498249054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.8613542318344116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.592439591884613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gain-scheduling","display_name":"Gain scheduling","score":0.5396469235420227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/settling-time","display_name":"Settling time","score":0.4897182285785675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-control","display_name":"Temperature control","score":0.4443008005619049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4138588309288025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.3679324984550476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.28212589025497437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.1237005889415741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/step-response","display_name":"Step response","score":0.1199689507484436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.09872758388519287}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67334161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q457904","display_name":"Continuous stirred-tank reactor","level":2,"score":0.9003985524177551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47116090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q716829","display_name":"PID controller","level":3,"score":0.881573498249054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.8613542318344116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.592439591884613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97090092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q764612","display_name":"Gain scheduling","level":3,"score":0.5396469235420227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14781684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3983320","display_name":"Settling time","level":3,"score":0.4897182285785675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C536315585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7698332","display_name":"Temperature control","level":2,"score":0.4443008005619049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4138588309288025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3679324984550476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.28212589025497437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.1237005889415741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160030872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142864","display_name":"Step response","level":2,"score":0.1199689507484436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.09872758388519287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2948019","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2948019","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4d245571641648a69dd13ba2c6e093e9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4d245571641648a69dd13ba2c6e093e9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 158085-158094 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2948019","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2948019","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6499999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322757","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W811598232","https://openalex.org/W1481731550","https://openalex.org/W1487127700","https://openalex.org/W1569189826","https://openalex.org/W1570834090","https://openalex.org/W1572161815","https://openalex.org/W1572326640","https://openalex.org/W1840819227","https://openalex.org/W1854578822","https://openalex.org/W1979160855","https://openalex.org/W1983330313","https://openalex.org/W1998433168","https://openalex.org/W2030575588","https://openalex.org/W2034993021","https://openalex.org/W2053828884","https://openalex.org/W2076780588","https://openalex.org/W2084864353","https://openalex.org/W2096394951","https://openalex.org/W2124217197","https://openalex.org/W2138484437","https://openalex.org/W2145309350","https://openalex.org/W2150535417","https://openalex.org/W2158393267","https://openalex.org/W2170310100","https://openalex.org/W2171425041","https://openalex.org/W2342726841","https://openalex.org/W2379289466","https://openalex.org/W2408559562","https://openalex.org/W2417004242","https://openalex.org/W2562948126","https://openalex.org/W2600624343","https://openalex.org/W2794216754","https://openalex.org/W2898902383","https://openalex.org/W2912431363","https://openalex.org/W4292872153","https://openalex.org/W6622851505","https://openalex.org/W6638819433","https://openalex.org/W6874822945"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2921083629","https://openalex.org/W1966458911","https://openalex.org/W4309582927","https://openalex.org/W2914682809","https://openalex.org/W2333148600","https://openalex.org/W1993308650","https://openalex.org/W1958708210","https://openalex.org/W4285202081","https://openalex.org/W4223416174","https://openalex.org/W2361172335"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,51,155],"continuous":[1],"stirred":[2],"tank":[3],"reactor":[4],"(CSTR)":[5],"tends":[6],"to":[7,182],"reveal":[8],"unstable":[9],"severe":[10],"nonlinear":[11,61],"behavior":[12],"when":[13],"the":[14,24,29,39,43,73,80,84,122,129,142,150,166,172,184,187,191,195],"operating":[15],"level":[16,82,144],"changes.":[17],"As":[18],"investigated":[19],"in":[20,42,194],"an":[21,104],"earlier":[22],"work,":[23,90],"hard":[25],"nonlinearity":[26],"nature":[27],"of":[28,36,83,145,186],"CSTR":[30,45,102],"originates":[31],"from":[32,79],"multiple":[33],"probable":[34],"sets":[35],"states":[37],"for":[38,96,112],"same":[40,44,143],"reaction":[41],"under":[46],"identical":[47],"ongoing":[48],"inlet":[49],"conditions.":[50],"previous":[52],"work":[53],"concluded,":[54],"and":[55,134,153,189],"this":[56,89,91],"paper":[57],"will":[58,66,93,118],"discuss,":[59],"that":[60,121,165],"processes":[62],"with":[63,103],"dynamic":[64,114],"trajectories":[65],"involve":[67],"a":[68,101,113],"degrading":[69],"control":[70,99,146],"performance":[71,127],"whenever":[72],"measured":[74],"process":[75],"variable":[76],"evolves":[77],"away":[78],"designed":[81],"desired":[85,173],"output":[86,115],"trajectory.":[87,116],"In":[88],"problem":[92],"be":[94,119],"examined":[95],"temperature":[97],"tracking":[98,126],"on":[100],"adaptive":[105],"fuzzy":[106,130],"gain-scheduling":[107],"proportional-integral-derivative":[108],"(AFGS-PID)":[109],"controller":[110],"scheduled":[111],"It":[117],"proven":[120],"AFGS-PID":[123,148,162],"has":[124,149],"better":[125],"than":[128],"gain":[131],"scheduling":[132],"(FGS-PID)":[133],"conventional":[135],"PID.":[136],"Although":[137],"all":[138],"three":[139],"controllers":[140],"demonstrate":[141],"efforts,":[147],"smallest":[151],"IAE":[152],"ISE.":[154],"lowest":[156],"settling":[157],"time":[158],"being":[159],"exhibited":[160],"by":[161],"also":[163],"proves":[164],"intended":[167],"regulator":[168],"can":[169],"rapidly":[170],"track":[171],"coolant":[174],"jacket":[175],"temperature.":[176],"A":[177],"Lyapunov":[178],"analysis":[179],"is":[180],"presented":[181],"prove":[183],"stability":[185],"closed-loop":[188],"support":[190],"simulated":[192],"result":[193],"comparative":[196],"study.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}