{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2980096665","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2946249","title":"A Novel Axial-Flux-Complementary Doubly Salient Machine With Boosted PM Utilization for Cost-Effective Direct-Drive Applications","display_name":"A Novel Axial-Flux-Complementary Doubly Salient Machine With Boosted PM Utilization for Cost-Effective Direct-Drive Applications","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2980096665","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2946249","mag":"2980096665"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2946249","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2946249","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2946249","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068246264","display_name":"Shuangxia Niu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5934-616X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuangxia Niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5934-616X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080543731","display_name":"Xing Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4000-0446"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xing Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4000-0446","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086151338","display_name":"Xiaodong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0520-9845"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaodong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen In Drive Amperex Company Ltd., Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen In Drive Amperex Company Ltd., Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054231904","display_name":"Tiantian Sheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7436-8009"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiantian Sheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.7006,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71406323,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"145970","last_page":"145977"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11602","display_name":"Magnetic Bearings and Levitation Dynamics","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11222","display_name":"Magnetic Properties and Applications","score":0.9735999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stator","display_name":"Stator","score":0.8347735404968262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cogging-torque","display_name":"Cogging torque","score":0.823803722858429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque","display_name":"Torque","score":0.6447873115539551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inductance","display_name":"Inductance","score":0.5676236748695374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnet","display_name":"Magnet","score":0.5565747022628784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5093830823898315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque-density","display_name":"Torque density","score":0.4673405587673187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flux","display_name":"Flux (metallurgy)","score":0.42793992161750793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.3507768511772156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.34966155886650085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.3155108094215393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2853142321109772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.24971520900726318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2215486466884613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.15655571222305298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.14435309171676636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11397698521614075}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776529397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190312","display_name":"Stator","level":2,"score":0.8347735404968262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776830253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q549712","display_name":"Cogging torque","level":3,"score":0.823803722858429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.6447873115539551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29210110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177897","display_name":"Inductance","level":3,"score":0.5676236748695374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16389437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11421","display_name":"Magnet","level":2,"score":0.5565747022628784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5093830823898315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780932299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7826794","display_name":"Torque density","level":3,"score":0.4673405587673187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68709404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134475","display_name":"Flux (metallurgy)","level":2,"score":0.42793992161750793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.3507768511772156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.34966155886650085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3155108094215393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2853142321109772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.24971520900726318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2215486466884613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.15655571222305298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.14435309171676636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11397698521614075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2946249","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2946249","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:92af3930733146bdadcf07513581e735","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/92af3930733146bdadcf07513581e735","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 145970-145977 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/82208","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/82208","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400205","display_name":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal/Magazine Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2946249","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2946249","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8399999737739563,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1436761918","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51707171","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2005611202","https://openalex.org/W2055978835","https://openalex.org/W2081131828","https://openalex.org/W2106870367","https://openalex.org/W2107470485","https://openalex.org/W2153241104","https://openalex.org/W2157662850","https://openalex.org/W2159289065","https://openalex.org/W2293887161","https://openalex.org/W2315004035","https://openalex.org/W2342595298","https://openalex.org/W2504721601","https://openalex.org/W2620524342","https://openalex.org/W2624966614","https://openalex.org/W2793754989","https://openalex.org/W2808498644","https://openalex.org/W2900614810","https://openalex.org/W2901725894","https://openalex.org/W2914411233","https://openalex.org/W2942383625","https://openalex.org/W2949690581","https://openalex.org/W2950890473","https://openalex.org/W2972061511","https://openalex.org/W6682409004"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2604679103","https://openalex.org/W4315558900","https://openalex.org/W2015714440","https://openalex.org/W3019570172","https://openalex.org/W1982147615","https://openalex.org/W3209649437","https://openalex.org/W2013954909","https://openalex.org/W2884602992","https://openalex.org/W2032591245","https://openalex.org/W2384283970"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,68],"novel":[4],"axial-flux-complementary":[5],"doubly":[6],"salient":[7],"machine":[8,76,92],"(AFC-DSM)":[9],"for":[10],"cost-effective":[11],"direct-drive":[12],"applications.":[13],"The":[14,119],"key":[15],"is":[16,49,122],"to":[17,30,81,95,109],"coordinate":[18],"two":[19],"complementary":[20,34,53],"rotors":[21],"with":[22],"inset":[23],"stator":[24,85],"permanent":[25],"magnets":[26],"(PMs)":[27],"circumferentially":[28],"magnetized":[29],"construct":[31],"an":[32],"axially":[33],"flux":[35,48],"return":[36],"path":[37],"in":[38,63,73,83],"machine.":[39,87,139],"Different":[40],"from":[41],"the":[42,46,52,64,70,74,90,130,134,137],"traditional":[43,84],"stator-PM":[44],"machines,":[45],"excitation":[47],"transferred":[50],"between":[51],"rotors,":[54],"hence":[55],"switched":[56],"smoothly":[57],"without":[58],"been":[59],"shorted":[60],"or":[61],"opened":[62],"air":[65],"gaps.":[66],"As":[67],"result,":[69],"PM":[71,86],"utilization":[72,101],"proposed":[75,91,138],"can":[77],"be":[78],"doubled":[79],"compared":[80],"that":[82],"In":[88],"addition,":[89],"also":[93],"contributes":[94],"reduced":[96],"cogging":[97],"torque,":[98],"higher":[99],"winding":[100],"factor":[102],"and":[103,129],"neglectable":[104],"mutual":[105],"inductance,":[106],"which":[107],"helps":[108],"improve":[110],"its":[111],"torque":[112],"performance":[113,121],"as":[114,116],"well":[115],"fault-tolerant":[117],"capability.":[118],"electromagnetic":[120],"evaluated":[123],"by":[124],"3-D":[125],"finite":[126],"element":[127],"analysis,":[128],"simulation":[131],"results":[132],"verify":[133],"effectiveness":[135],"of":[136]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}