{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2979927445","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2945926","title":"Efficient Training Support Vector Clustering With Appropriate Boundary Information","display_name":"Efficient Training Support Vector Clustering With Appropriate Boundary Information","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2979927445","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2945926","mag":"2979927445"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2945926","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2945926","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2945926","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089715871","display_name":"Yuan Ping","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7703-4637"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I903994226","display_name":"Xuchang University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k174p87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I903994226"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Ping","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7703-4637","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I903994226"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039312981","display_name":"Bin Hao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0160-9091"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79516672","display_name":"University of Louisiana at Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/01x8rc503","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799628689","https://openalex.org/I79516672"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Informatics, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Informatics, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79516672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075205795","display_name":"Huina Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7965-5613"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I903994226","display_name":"Xuchang University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k174p87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I903994226"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huina Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I903994226"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004631861","display_name":"Yuping Lai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3797-1228"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1456306","display_name":"North China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01nky7652","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1456306"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuping Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, North China University of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, North China University of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1456306"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101474914","display_name":"Chun Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3341-220X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178232147","display_name":"Guizhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/02wmsc916","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chun Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178232147"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063399027","display_name":"Hui Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8359-5158"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I903994226","display_name":"Xuchang University","ror":"https://ror.org/03k174p87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I903994226"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I903994226"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053622471","display_name":"Baocang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2554-4464"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baocang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","The State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007411047","display_name":"Xiali Hei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2438-5430"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79516672","display_name":"University of Louisiana at Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/01x8rc503","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799628689","https://openalex.org/I79516672"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiali Hei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Informatics, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Informatics, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79516672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.5579,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71092657,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"146964","last_page":"146978"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7775641679763794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5935565829277039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5622856616973877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redundancy","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","score":0.5192925333976746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5026674270629883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.49075421690940857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solver","display_name":"Solver","score":0.48657333850860596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","score":0.48284584283828735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.44011837244033813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.4131455421447754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3501570522785187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.27016982436180115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.2688182592391968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.18336859345436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.108725905418396}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7775641679763794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5935565829277039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5622856616973877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152124472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1204361","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5192925333976746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5026674270629883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.49075421690940857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778770139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1966904","display_name":"Solver","level":2,"score":0.48657333850860596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.48284584283828735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.44011837244033813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.4131455421447754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3501570522785187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.27016982436180115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2688182592391968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.18336859345436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.108725905418396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2945926","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2945926","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0a52ba8bc59940e183f4971d189215f6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0a52ba8bc59940e183f4971d189215f6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 146964-146978 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2945926","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2945926","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3085753202","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CAAC-ITRB-201702","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324522","funder_display_name":"Civil Aviation Administration of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7622220324","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1736111","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8170696387","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFB0802000","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324522","display_name":"Civil Aviation Administration of China","ror":"https://ror.org/05gfwht30"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482684349","https://openalex.org/W1518004190","https://openalex.org/W1943383135","https://openalex.org/W1966809779","https://openalex.org/W1967740503","https://openalex.org/W1975191191","https://openalex.org/W1978422880","https://openalex.org/W1985079535","https://openalex.org/W1997139757","https://openalex.org/W2021052459","https://openalex.org/W2021786990","https://openalex.org/W2050454625","https://openalex.org/W2071664212","https://openalex.org/W2086867325","https://openalex.org/W2090968017","https://openalex.org/W2096142412","https://openalex.org/W2099085654","https://openalex.org/W2099940443","https://openalex.org/W2100556472","https://openalex.org/W2140586694","https://openalex.org/W2150638158","https://openalex.org/W2151398376","https://openalex.org/W2152055456","https://openalex.org/W2165966284","https://openalex.org/W2167044614","https://openalex.org/W2169284845","https://openalex.org/W2246087997","https://openalex.org/W2353323047","https://openalex.org/W2373699213","https://openalex.org/W2435778079","https://openalex.org/W2608796274","https://openalex.org/W2922628727","https://openalex.org/W3120740533","https://openalex.org/W3149769212","https://openalex.org/W4239048948","https://openalex.org/W4245322178","https://openalex.org/W4293857795","https://openalex.org/W6684391652","https://openalex.org/W6690954452"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2186864281","https://openalex.org/W4255427455","https://openalex.org/W2389214306","https://openalex.org/W2090763504","https://openalex.org/W1966025497","https://openalex.org/W2965083567","https://openalex.org/W68941528","https://openalex.org/W4235240664","https://openalex.org/W1838576100","https://openalex.org/W2133886031"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,132,175,201],"the":[2,42,47,56,64,109,121,134,139,145,210],"remarkable":[3],"capability":[4],"in":[5,17,58,63],"handling":[6],"arbitrary":[7],"cluster":[8],"shapes,":[9],"support":[10,52,140],"vector":[11,141],"clustering":[12],"(SVC)":[13],"benefits":[14],"data":[15,20,24],"analysis":[16,160],"terms":[18],"of":[19,123,152],"description.":[21],"However,":[22],"large-scale":[23,184],"such":[25],"as":[26,187,189],"network":[27],"traffic":[28],"frequently":[29],"makes":[30],"it":[31],"suffer":[32],"from":[33],"highly":[34],"intensive":[35],"pricey":[36],"computation":[37],"and":[38,45,85,105,167,183],"storage":[39,177],"for":[40,156],"solving":[41,144],"dual":[43,114,146],"problem":[44,115],"storing":[46],"kernel":[48],"matrix,":[49],"respectively.":[50],"Fortunately,":[51],"vectors":[53],"which":[54,81,98,137],"describe":[55],"clusters,":[57],"a":[59,92,112,128,150],"sense,":[60],"are":[61],"expected":[62],"boundaries.":[65],"To":[66],"tackle":[67],"this":[68],"issue,":[69],"we":[70,89,126],"propose":[71],"an":[72],"efficient":[73],"training":[74,135],"SVC":[75],"with":[76,209],"appropriate":[77,100],"boundary":[78,94,110],"information":[79],"(ETSVC),":[80],"features":[82],"excellent":[83],"flexibility":[84],"scalability.":[86],"In":[87],"ETSVC,":[88],"first":[90],"give":[91],"shrinkable":[93],"selection":[95],"(SBS)":[96],"method":[97],"collects":[99],"boundaries":[101,153],"while":[102,205],"reducing":[103],"redundancy":[104],"noise.":[106],"Based":[107],"on":[108],"information,":[111],"redefined":[113],"is":[116,154],"then":[117],"designed":[118],"without":[119],"scarifying":[120],"principle":[122],"SVC.":[124],"Finally,":[125],"design":[127],"reformative":[129],"solver":[130],"(RSolver)":[131],"reformulate":[133],"phase,":[136],"estimates":[138],"function":[142],"by":[143],"problem.":[147],"Since":[148],"only":[149],"subset":[151],"employed":[155],"model":[157],"training,":[158],"theoretical":[159],"suggests":[161],"that":[162,196],"ETSVC":[163,197],"reaches":[164],"efficiency":[165,174],"improvement":[166],"consumes":[168],"much":[169],"less":[170],"memory":[171],"if":[172],"sacrificing":[173],"reduce":[176],"consumption.":[178],"Towards":[179],"grouping":[180],"P2P":[181],"flows":[182],"intrusion":[185],"traffic,":[186],"well":[188],"other":[190],"non-traffic":[191],"data,":[192],"experimental":[193],"results":[194],"confirm":[195],"could":[198],"be":[199],"applied":[200],"resources":[202],"constrained":[203],"platform":[204],"achieving":[206],"comparable":[207],"accuracies":[208],"state-of-the-art":[211],"methods.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
