{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2976701621","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2943687","title":"Modeling and Analysis of Multi-Tier Clustered Millimeter-Wave Cellular Networks With User Classification for Large-Scale Hotspot Area","display_name":"Modeling and Analysis of Multi-Tier Clustered Millimeter-Wave Cellular Networks With User Classification for Large-Scale Hotspot Area","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2976701621","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2943687","mag":"2976701621"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2943687","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2943687","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08848389.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08848389.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002217587","display_name":"Xiangdong Jia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68986083","display_name":"Northwest Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00gx3j908","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiangdong Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7331-7813","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023794018","display_name":"Pengshan Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9920-1042"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68986083","display_name":"Northwest Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00gx3j908","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengshan Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055678185","display_name":"Yuwan Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68986083","display_name":"Northwest Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00gx3j908","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuwan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002217587"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68986083"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.7265,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72353976,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"140278","last_page":"140299"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13905","display_name":"Telecommunications and Broadcasting Technologies","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hotspot","display_name":"Hotspot (geology)","score":0.7574959993362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6700729727745056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.33438819646835327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.13309091329574585}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146481406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105131","display_name":"Hotspot (geology)","level":2,"score":0.7574959993362427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6700729727745056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.33438819646835327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.13309091329574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2943687","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2943687","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08848389.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2a1cfa86ba5942e2b5ded56aec2e4654","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2a1cfa86ba5942e2b5ded56aec2e4654","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 140278-140299 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2943687","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2943687","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08848389.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1791531082","display_name":"\u9762\u54115G\u7684\u6beb\u7c73\u6ce2FDD\u5927\u89c4\u6a21MIMO\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u9053\u4f30\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5bfc\u9891\u5e8f\u5217\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61561043","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7702826171","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61861039","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8382266127","display_name":"\u9762\u5411\u65e0\u7ebf\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6e90-\u4fe1\u9053-\u7f51\u7edc\u8054\u5408\u65e0\u7ebf\u4f20\u8f93\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61261015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312274","display_name":"Northwest Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00gx3j908"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2976701621.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2976701621.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1499798684","https://openalex.org/W1922696133","https://openalex.org/W1989097819","https://openalex.org/W2009447832","https://openalex.org/W2031858701","https://openalex.org/W2034420299","https://openalex.org/W2041792217","https://openalex.org/W2042916860","https://openalex.org/W2052197092","https://openalex.org/W2056581292","https://openalex.org/W2099913025","https://openalex.org/W2116334496","https://openalex.org/W2118166339","https://openalex.org/W2127337238","https://openalex.org/W2143252188","https://openalex.org/W2164309181","https://openalex.org/W2336650418","https://openalex.org/W2339748476","https://openalex.org/W2343448572","https://openalex.org/W2368600038","https://openalex.org/W2398409936","https://openalex.org/W2504767107","https://openalex.org/W2506992933","https://openalex.org/W2542659798","https://openalex.org/W2561533016","https://openalex.org/W2605069299","https://openalex.org/W2611396164","https://openalex.org/W2622235862","https://openalex.org/W2747926216","https://openalex.org/W2771579582","https://openalex.org/W2781054684","https://openalex.org/W2799837476","https://openalex.org/W2810454440","https://openalex.org/W2890171446","https://openalex.org/W2891179279","https://openalex.org/W2903566951","https://openalex.org/W2914865204","https://openalex.org/W2943643823","https://openalex.org/W2962804481","https://openalex.org/W2963021698","https://openalex.org/W2963231357","https://openalex.org/W2963368779","https://openalex.org/W2963465845","https://openalex.org/W2963480448","https://openalex.org/W2963940333","https://openalex.org/W2963947535","https://openalex.org/W2964281303","https://openalex.org/W2964313726","https://openalex.org/W3102806519","https://openalex.org/W3105225010"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2379637199","https://openalex.org/W4406532822","https://openalex.org/W2405057786","https://openalex.org/W2501832907","https://openalex.org/W2063054109","https://openalex.org/W2079602762","https://openalex.org/W2580355466"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,230,260],"paper":[1],"focuses":[2],"on":[3,33],"a":[4,12,128,135,184],"comprehensive":[5],"framework":[6],"design":[7],"and":[8,28,49,68,72,75,85,123,160,170,181,196,210,223,268],"performance":[9,98],"analysis":[10],"for":[11,217],"large-scale":[13],"hotspot":[14],"communication":[15],"scenario":[16],"where":[17],"there":[18],"exist":[19],"large":[20],"number":[21],"of":[22,58,120,127,200,213,226,234,272],"clustered":[23,83,107,245,284],"pico":[24],"base":[25,50],"stations":[26,51],"(P-BSs)":[27],"femto":[29],"BSs":[30],"(F-BSs)":[31],"working":[32],"millimeter-Wave":[34],"(mm-Wave).":[35],"For":[36],"such":[37,202],"realistic":[38],"hotspots\u2019":[39],"deployment,":[40],"to":[41,283],"exploit":[42],"the":[43,55,87,91,97,118,121,151,175,179,191,197,219,232,243,249,253,257,265,269,278],"coupling":[44,267],"between":[45],"user":[46],"equipments":[47],"(UEs)":[48],"(BSs),":[52],"we":[53],"model":[54,209,216],"geographical":[56],"centers":[57],"UE":[59,130,137,220,258],"hotspots":[60],"as":[61,141,158,203],"independent":[62,74],"PPP":[63],"around":[64],"which":[65,162],"UEs,":[66],"P-BSs":[67,84,132,166],"F-BSs":[69,176],"are":[70,163,228],"scattered":[71],"form":[73],"non-homogeneous":[76,270],"Poisson":[77],"cluster":[78],"processes":[79],"(PCPs).":[80],"However,":[81],"with":[82,168,183,206,248],"F-BSs,":[86],"UEs":[88,144,148],"would":[89],"experience":[90],"severer":[92],"intra-cluster":[93,280],"interference":[94,111,227,281],"so":[95,133],"that":[96,134,242],"is":[99,114,156],"degraded":[100],"greatly.":[101],"To":[102],"overcome":[103],"this":[104],"problem":[105],"in":[106],"networks,":[108,274],"an":[109],"effective":[110],"management":[112],"scheme":[113,247],"proposed":[115,244],"by":[116,165],"using":[117,190],"ratio":[119],"first":[122],"second":[124],"nearest":[125],"distances":[126],"typical":[129,136],"from":[131,193],"can":[138],"be":[139],"classified":[140],"either":[142],"cluster-center":[143],"(CCUEs)":[145],"or":[146],"cluster-edge":[147],"(CEUEs).":[149],"Correspondingly,":[150],"total":[152],"available":[153],"spectrum":[154],"band":[155],"divided":[157],"CCUE-band":[159,182],"CEUE-band,":[161],"occupied":[164],"associated":[167],"CCUEs":[169],"CEUEs,":[171],"respectively.":[172],"Unlike":[173],"P-BSs,":[174],"randomly":[177],"access":[178,186],"CEUE-band":[180],"given":[185],"portion":[187],"factor.":[188],"By":[189],"method":[192],"stochastic":[194],"geometry":[195],"distinguishing":[198],"feature":[199],"mm-Wave,":[201],"directional":[204],"beamforming":[205],"sectored":[207],"antenna":[208],"modified":[211],"line":[212],"sight":[214],"ball":[215],"blockage,":[218],"association":[221],"probability":[222],"Laplace":[224],"transforms":[225],"derived.":[229],"yields":[231],"derivations":[233],"downlink":[235],"transmission":[236],"rates.":[237],"The":[238],"numerical":[239],"results":[240],"show":[241],"heterogeneous":[246],"cluster-UE":[250],"classification":[251],"outperforms":[252],"traditional":[254],"ones":[255],"without":[256],"classification.":[259],"approach":[261],"not":[262],"only":[263],"captures":[264],"UE-BS":[266],"nature":[271],"multi-tier":[273],"but":[275],"also":[276],"restricts":[277],"severe":[279],"due":[282],"BSs.":[285]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-06T09:05:17.133730","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}