{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2969378336","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2936549","title":"FI-Net: A Lightweight Video Frame Interpolation Network Using Feature-Level Flow","display_name":"FI-Net: A Lightweight Video Frame Interpolation Network Using Feature-Level Flow","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2969378336","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2936549","mag":"2969378336"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2936549","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2936549","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08808916.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08808916.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101639297","display_name":"Haopeng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8175-5381"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haopeng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for OPTical IMagery Analysis and Learning, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, China","Center for OPTical IMagery Analysis and Learning, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for OPTical IMagery Analysis and Learning, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for OPTical IMagery Analysis and Learning, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100334733","display_name":"Yuan Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7964-6514"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for OPTical IMagery Analysis and Learning, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, China","Center for OPTical IMagery Analysis and Learning, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for OPTical IMagery Analysis and Learning, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for OPTical IMagery Analysis and Learning, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100341321","display_name":"Qi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7028-4956"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for OPTical IMagery Analysis and Learning, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, China","Center for OPTical IMagery Analysis and Learning, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7028-4956","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for OPTical IMagery Analysis and Learning, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for OPTical IMagery Analysis and Learning, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.5955,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72011249,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"118287","last_page":"118296"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8038918972015381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.6835727691650391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion-interpolation","display_name":"Motion interpolation","score":0.6287912130355835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpolation","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","score":0.6262822151184082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5847464203834534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-flow","display_name":"Optical flow","score":0.5818923115730286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5209104418754578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-truth","display_name":"Ground truth","score":0.49445676803588867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4768432378768921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.46332472562789917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame-rate","display_name":"Frame rate","score":0.4322546124458313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","score":0.4285953640937805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/net","display_name":"Net (polyhedron)","score":0.4200981557369232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.38802796602249146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.3417740762233734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-tracking","display_name":"Video tracking","score":0.23851263523101807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-processing","display_name":"Video processing","score":0.16011539101600647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1517283320426941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-matching-algorithm","display_name":"Block-matching algorithm","score":0.10887941718101501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.09156361222267151}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8038918972015381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.6835727691650391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72560505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204510","display_name":"Motion interpolation","level":5,"score":0.6287912130355835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137800194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11713455","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","level":3,"score":0.6262822151184082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5847464203834534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155542232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736111","display_name":"Optical flow","level":3,"score":0.5818923115730286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5209104418754578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.49445676803588867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4768432378768921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.46332472562789917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3261483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119565","display_name":"Frame rate","level":2,"score":0.4322546124458313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4285953640937805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14166107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q253829","display_name":"Net (polyhedron)","level":2,"score":0.4200981557369232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.38802796602249146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3417740762233734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202474056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931635","display_name":"Video tracking","level":3,"score":0.23851263523101807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65483669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3536669","display_name":"Video processing","level":2,"score":0.16011539101600647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1517283320426941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167510206","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2835824","display_name":"Block-matching algorithm","level":4,"score":0.10887941718101501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.09156361222267151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2936549","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2936549","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08808916.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:56b0d24ce40f4de9bd2f3170f37a254f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/56b0d24ce40f4de9bd2f3170f37a254f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 118287-118296 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2936549","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2936549","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08808916.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G11847706","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61632018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3196644182","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1864204","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8046557032","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61773316","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309475","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321392","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2969378336.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2969378336.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W24089286","https://openalex.org/W603908379","https://openalex.org/W764651262","https://openalex.org/W1513100184","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1522734439","https://openalex.org/W1568514080","https://openalex.org/W1677182931","https://openalex.org/W1904063580","https://openalex.org/W1905052409","https://openalex.org/W1951289974","https://openalex.org/W2113221323","https://openalex.org/W2118012574","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2137549153","https://openalex.org/W2147253850","https://openalex.org/W2158919891","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2182518419","https://openalex.org/W2258578877","https://openalex.org/W2275363859","https://openalex.org/W2519371957","https://openalex.org/W2560474170","https://openalex.org/W2586480386","https://openalex.org/W2604329646","https://openalex.org/W2769417259","https://openalex.org/W2798970487","https://openalex.org/W2888654602","https://openalex.org/W2890732922","https://openalex.org/W2894461463","https://openalex.org/W2902505895","https://openalex.org/W2939807143","https://openalex.org/W2940791172","https://openalex.org/W2946527862","https://openalex.org/W2963093735","https://openalex.org/W2963182372","https://openalex.org/W2963268050","https://openalex.org/W2963376049","https://openalex.org/W2963470893","https://openalex.org/W2963483509","https://openalex.org/W2963864522","https://openalex.org/W2964108494","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W2964251418","https://openalex.org/W4294306266","https://openalex.org/W4297772798","https://openalex.org/W6600983433","https://openalex.org/W6618372016","https://openalex.org/W6630726011","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6634221342","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6686161807","https://openalex.org/W6687214662","https://openalex.org/W6691096134","https://openalex.org/W6692582951","https://openalex.org/W6735698919"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2012410061","https://openalex.org/W3015492429","https://openalex.org/W2970427506","https://openalex.org/W2053610073","https://openalex.org/W1975907365","https://openalex.org/W2130897820","https://openalex.org/W2204864382","https://openalex.org/W2094004415","https://openalex.org/W1909182616","https://openalex.org/W4313011307"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Video":[0],"frame":[1,104],"interpolation":[2,24],"is":[3,27,30,74,98],"a":[4,22,31,82,88,95],"classic":[5],"computer":[6],"vision":[7],"task":[8],"that":[9,36,86],"aims":[10],"to":[11,76,105,108],"generate":[12],"in-between":[13],"frames":[14,39],"given":[15],"two":[16,38],"consecutive":[17],"frames.":[18],"In":[19],"this":[20],"paper,":[21],"flow-based":[23],"method":[25],"(FI-Net)":[26],"proposed.":[28],"FI-Net":[29,122],"lightweight":[32],"end-to-end":[33],"neural":[34],"network":[35],"takes":[37],"in":[40],"arbitrary":[41],"size":[42],"as":[43],"input":[44],"and":[45,94,117,126,135],"outputs":[46],"the":[47,67,102,109],"estimated":[48,70],"intermediate":[49],"frame.":[50],"Novelly,":[51],"it":[52,127],"computes":[53],"optical":[54],"flow":[55],"at":[56,113],"feature":[57],"level":[58,116],"instead":[59],"of":[60,69],"image":[61],"level.":[62,119],"Such":[63],"practice":[64],"can":[65],"increase":[66],"accuracy":[68],"flow.":[71],"Multi-scale":[72],"technique":[73],"utilized":[75],"handle":[77],"large":[78],"motions.":[79],"For":[80],"training,":[81],"comprehensive":[83],"loss":[84,91,97],"function":[85],"contains":[87],"novel":[89],"content":[90],"(Sobolev":[92],"loss)":[93],"semantic":[96,118],"introduced.":[99],"It":[100],"forces":[101],"generated":[103],"be":[106],"close":[107],"ground":[110],"truth":[111],"one":[112],"both":[114],"pixel":[115],"We":[120],"compare":[121],"with":[123,131],"previous":[124],"methods":[125],"achieves":[128],"higher":[129],"performance":[130],"less":[132],"time":[133],"consumption":[134],"much":[136],"smaller":[137],"model":[138],"size.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}