{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2966954499","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2934000","title":"Performance Analysis of Spatial Modulation Under Rapidly Time-Varying Rayleigh Fading Channels","display_name":"Performance Analysis of Spatial Modulation Under Rapidly Time-Varying Rayleigh Fading Channels","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2966954499","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2934000","mag":"2966954499"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2934000","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2934000","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08792044.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08792044.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084750508","display_name":"Yazid M. Khattabi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7536-7996"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114972647","display_name":"University of Jordan","ror":"https://ror.org/05k89ew48","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yazid M. Khattabi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7536-7996","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114972647"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046389765","display_name":"Salim Abdelkareem Alkhawaldeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2537-3420"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33926330","display_name":"Al-Balqa Applied University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qedmt22","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33926330"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salim A. Alkhawaldeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communication Technology Engineering Department, Al-Balqa\u2019 Applied University, Amman, Jordan","Communication Technology Engineering Department, Al-Balqa' Applied University, Amman, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2537-3420","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communication Technology Engineering Department, Al-Balqa\u2019 Applied University, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33926330"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communication Technology Engineering Department, Al-Balqa' Applied University, Amman, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33926330"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.8476,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74440606,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"110594","last_page":"110604"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.8439866304397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pairwise-error-probability","display_name":"Pairwise error probability","score":0.8136260509490967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rayleigh-fading","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","score":0.7423821687698364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6219549179077148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5529560446739197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.5191047191619873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.5123506784439087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.5063554048538208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.4395713806152344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.4249856770038605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.32084524631500244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3118172287940979}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.8439866304397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780839233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000284","display_name":"Pairwise error probability","level":4,"score":0.8136260509490967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56985126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854039","display_name":"Rayleigh fading","level":4,"score":0.7423821687698364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6219549179077148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5529560446739197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.5191047191619873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.5123506784439087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5063554048538208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.4395713806152344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.4249856770038605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.32084524631500244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3118172287940979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2934000","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2934000","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08792044.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1468419d65214be49e9de97e2831ffdb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1468419d65214be49e9de97e2831ffdb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 110594-110604 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2934000","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2934000","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08792044.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2966954499.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2966954499.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1514516412","https://openalex.org/W1728048898","https://openalex.org/W1969481767","https://openalex.org/W1980906071","https://openalex.org/W1997834106","https://openalex.org/W2010340876","https://openalex.org/W2014769954","https://openalex.org/W2029262884","https://openalex.org/W2037364741","https://openalex.org/W2038325324","https://openalex.org/W2046801550","https://openalex.org/W2059955057","https://openalex.org/W2060022021","https://openalex.org/W2064278347","https://openalex.org/W2067922840","https://openalex.org/W2071834103","https://openalex.org/W2075296511","https://openalex.org/W2095438337","https://openalex.org/W2098929637","https://openalex.org/W2100925261","https://openalex.org/W2123937856","https://openalex.org/W2125669974","https://openalex.org/W2126423562","https://openalex.org/W2136160528","https://openalex.org/W2146504085","https://openalex.org/W2147584524","https://openalex.org/W2151961068","https://openalex.org/W2154463976","https://openalex.org/W2157293015","https://openalex.org/W2163504740","https://openalex.org/W2169605188","https://openalex.org/W2172081628","https://openalex.org/W2221249378","https://openalex.org/W2401284221","https://openalex.org/W2478209908","https://openalex.org/W2493309683","https://openalex.org/W2518783178","https://openalex.org/W2524918773","https://openalex.org/W2526778046","https://openalex.org/W2613268984","https://openalex.org/W2776687520","https://openalex.org/W2789811234","https://openalex.org/W2893616911","https://openalex.org/W2901236896","https://openalex.org/W2921331751","https://openalex.org/W2940845926","https://openalex.org/W3113221786","https://openalex.org/W4212888567","https://openalex.org/W6737533967"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2116044594","https://openalex.org/W2101999641","https://openalex.org/W3017070852","https://openalex.org/W1503152075","https://openalex.org/W301676527","https://openalex.org/W2052600062","https://openalex.org/W2124541664","https://openalex.org/W289296924","https://openalex.org/W2122920812","https://openalex.org/W2109988226"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,29,52,69,99,108,120,134,175,204,230,237],"the":[2,7,15,34,50,79,85,102,110,114,116,124,136,140,144,165,177,198,208,213,232,242,245,251,254,256,260,264,268],"problem":[3],"of":[4,14,82,127,143,225,244,253,263],"inter-channel":[5],"interference,":[6],"average":[8,166],"bit":[9],"error":[10,168,219,271],"probability":[11],"(ABEP)":[12],"performance":[13,81,216],"traditional":[16],"multiple":[17,20],"transmit":[18,42],"and":[19,93,131,150,159,188,193,222,235,259],"receive":[21],"antenna":[22,43],"systems":[23],"obviously":[24],"deteriorates.":[25],"A":[26],"promising":[27],"scheme":[28],"address":[30],"this":[31,75],"issue":[32],"is":[33,60,118],"spatial":[35],"modulation":[36],"(SM)":[37],"which":[38,171],"activates":[39],"only":[40],"one":[41,96],"at":[44,113,123,139],"each":[45,128],"signaling":[46,97],"period.":[47],"In":[48],"addition,":[49],"demand":[51],"provide":[53],"data":[54,105,129],"services":[55],"for":[56,164,190],"high":[57],"mobility":[58],"users":[59],"ever":[61],"increasing,":[62],"where":[63],"fading":[64,89,195,210],"channels":[65,90],"are":[66,91,172,186,202,228],"more":[67],"likely":[68],"be":[70,121],"rapidly":[71],"time-varying.":[72],"Therefore,":[73],"in":[74],"paper,":[76],"we":[77,155],"investigate":[78],"ABEP":[80,181],"SM":[83,214,270],"under":[84],"assumption":[86],"that":[87,207],"system's":[88,178,215],"Rayleigh":[92],"varying":[94],"from":[95],"period":[98],"another":[100],"within":[101],"same":[103],"transmitted":[104],"block.":[106,145],"Further,":[107],"simplify":[109],"decoding":[111],"complexity":[112],"receiver,":[115],"channel":[117,265],"assumed":[119],"estimated":[122],"first":[125],"location":[126],"block":[130,261],"then":[132,173],"used":[133,174],"detect":[135],"received":[137],"symbols":[138],"remaining":[141],"locations":[142],"For":[146],"such":[147],"a":[148],"system,":[149],"unlike":[151],"other":[152],"literature":[153],"works,":[154],"derive":[156],"novel,":[157],"exact":[158],"closed-form":[160],"reduced":[161],"enough":[162],"expressions":[163,185],"pairwise":[167],"probabilities":[169],"(average-PEPs),":[170],"compute":[176],"overall":[179,269],"per-block":[180],"efficiently.":[182],"The":[183],"derived":[184],"generic":[187],"valid":[189],"both":[191],"time-varying":[192,209],"slow":[194],"environments.":[196],"Furthermore,":[197],"obtained":[199],"analytical":[200],"results":[201,224],"exploited":[203],"quantitatively":[205],"show":[206],"environment":[211],"degrades":[212],"through":[217],"irreducible":[218],"floors.":[220],"Numerical":[221],"simulation":[223],"various":[226],"examples":[227],"provided":[229],"validate":[231],"theoretical":[233],"analyses":[234],"also":[236],"get":[238],"some":[239],"insights":[240],"into":[241],"effect":[243],"different":[246],"system":[247],"parameters":[248],"(such":[249],"as":[250],"speed":[252],"mobile,":[255],"carrier":[257],"frequency,":[258],"size":[262],"variations)":[266],"on":[267],"performance.":[272]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}