{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2962854114","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2929955","title":"Measurement-Based Characterization and Modeling for Low-Altitude UAV Air-to-Air Channels","display_name":"Measurement-Based Characterization and Modeling for Low-Altitude UAV Air-to-Air Channels","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2962854114","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2929955","mag":"2962854114"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2929955","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2929955","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08766809.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08766809.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100379454","display_name":"Tianyu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0887-5816"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianyu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chien-Shiung Wu College, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0887-5816","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chien-Shiung Wu College, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027587940","display_name":"Zaichen Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4301-8713"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zaichen Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4301-8713","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041881347","display_name":"Hao Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6757-4231"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6757-4231","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002981402","display_name":"Yurong Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6564-4745"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yurong Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chien-Shiung Wu College, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chien-Shiung Wu College, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077428127","display_name":"Kailin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4830-3137"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kailin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chien-Shiung Wu College, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chien-Shiung Wu College, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056446385","display_name":"Jian Dang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4199-9645"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Dang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4199-9645","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044817346","display_name":"Liang Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9054-0155"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9054-0155","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":50.3677,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99643266,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"98832","last_page":"98840"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path-loss","display_name":"Path loss","score":0.8283257484436035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.65622878074646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/altitude","display_name":"Altitude (triangle)","score":0.5208624005317688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.5050473809242249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-altitude","display_name":"Low altitude","score":0.49502938985824585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4458933174610138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.44568386673927307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.32578423619270325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.2749825417995453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1749337911605835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194273485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478845","display_name":"Path loss","level":3,"score":0.8283257484436035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.65622878074646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6350597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339495","display_name":"Altitude (triangle)","level":2,"score":0.5208624005317688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.5050473809242249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993172488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190200","display_name":"Low altitude","level":3,"score":0.49502938985824585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4458933174610138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.44568386673927307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.32578423619270325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.2749825417995453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1749337911605835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2929955","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2929955","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08766809.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:af1c1812f37046cda09df55c1486aa0b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/af1c1812f37046cda09df55c1486aa0b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 98832-98840 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2929955","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2929955","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08766809.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1036635598","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61601119","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1166115200","display_name":"\u6ee4\u6ce2\u5668\u7ec4\u591a\u8f7d\u6ce2\u76f8\u5e72\u5149\u65e0\u7ebf\u901a\u4fe1\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61571105","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2516647567","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61501109","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2995170377","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61601120","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2962854114.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2962854114.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1487242092","https://openalex.org/W1904495647","https://openalex.org/W1969455159","https://openalex.org/W2028684655","https://openalex.org/W2028721241","https://openalex.org/W2032707246","https://openalex.org/W2062993920","https://openalex.org/W2104969271","https://openalex.org/W2111481496","https://openalex.org/W2120201680","https://openalex.org/W2123266551","https://openalex.org/W2125176078","https://openalex.org/W2136478830","https://openalex.org/W2159916755","https://openalex.org/W2183455461","https://openalex.org/W2235766849","https://openalex.org/W2268751503","https://openalex.org/W2345312651","https://openalex.org/W2475307529","https://openalex.org/W2574451915","https://openalex.org/W2580241428","https://openalex.org/W2620902575","https://openalex.org/W2755117762","https://openalex.org/W2769350314","https://openalex.org/W2800793214","https://openalex.org/W2809456920","https://openalex.org/W2902156130","https://openalex.org/W2909191390","https://openalex.org/W2913464289","https://openalex.org/W2914509937","https://openalex.org/W2916238263","https://openalex.org/W3105650387","https://openalex.org/W6629178016","https://openalex.org/W6678319617"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2945563562","https://openalex.org/W2087911195","https://openalex.org/W2406921723","https://openalex.org/W2386865535","https://openalex.org/W2353302948","https://openalex.org/W2372292493","https://openalex.org/W1510008292","https://openalex.org/W4237620542","https://openalex.org/W2366663192","https://openalex.org/W2361714509"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"characterize":[4],"the":[5,52,57,70,80,95,117],"unmanned":[6],"aerial":[7],"vehicle":[8],"(UAV)":[9],"air-to-air":[10],"(A2A)":[11],"channel":[12],"for":[13],"an":[14,105],"802.11-based":[15],"low":[16,129],"altitude":[17,130],"network":[18],"based":[19,78,122],"on":[20,79,123],"a":[21,63],"preliminary":[22],"measuring":[23],"result":[24],"over":[25],"user":[26],"datagram":[27],"protocol":[28],"(UDP)":[29],"throughput,":[30],"latency,":[31],"received":[32],"signal":[33],"strength":[34],"indicator":[35],"(RSSI),":[36],"and":[37,45,60,73,101,128],"pack":[38,46],"loss,":[39,93],"via":[40],"various":[41],"field":[42],"experiments.":[43],"Latency":[44],"loss":[47,84],"are":[48],"strongly":[49],"related":[50,64],"to":[51,89,114],"stability":[53],"of":[54,69,98,119],"flight;":[55],"while":[56],"UDP":[58],"throughput":[59],"RSSI":[61],"shows":[62],"variation":[65],"trend":[66,97],"in":[67,107,125],"terms":[68],"communication":[71],"distance":[72,127],"altitude.":[74,108],"A":[75],"modified":[76],"model":[77,86],"classical":[81],"log-distance":[82],"path":[83,92],"(PL)":[85],"is":[87,112],"introduced":[88],"describe":[90],"propagation":[91],"demonstrating":[94],"decreasing":[96],"multi-path":[99],"effect":[100],"shadow":[102],"fading":[103],"with":[104],"increase":[106],"The":[109],"simulation":[110],"work":[111],"done":[113],"specifically":[115],"show":[116],"characterization":[118],"A2A":[120],"channels":[121],"UAVs":[124],"short":[126],"environment.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}