{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2963047670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2929932","title":"An Overview of Next-Generation Underwater Target Detection and Tracking: An Integrated Underwater Architecture","display_name":"An Overview of Next-Generation Underwater Target Detection and Tracking: An Integrated Underwater Architecture","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2963047670","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2929932","mag":"2963047670"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2929932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2929932","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08766824.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08766824.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059076853","display_name":"Huma Ghafoor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4640-4233"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huma Ghafoor","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4640-4233","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002989711","display_name":"Youngtae Noh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9173-1575"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191879574","display_name":"Inha University","ror":"https://ror.org/01easw929","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191879574"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youngtae Noh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9173-1575","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191879574"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":4.9319,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":100,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95508726,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"98841","last_page":"98853"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11698","display_name":"Underwater Acoustics Research","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.9847999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater","display_name":"Underwater","score":0.9079869985580444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.671570897102356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater-acoustic-communication","display_name":"Underwater acoustic communication","score":0.4922555983066559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.43529683351516724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3545498251914978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3356289267539978}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98083399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246517","display_name":"Underwater","level":2,"score":0.9079869985580444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.671570897102356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169111936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424098","display_name":"Underwater acoustic communication","level":3,"score":0.4922555983066559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.43529683351516724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3545498251914978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3356289267539978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2929932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2929932","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08766824.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:702d9f17f66f440fbde80b9ea7bb12ab","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/702d9f17f66f440fbde80b9ea7bb12ab","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 98841-98853 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2929932","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2929932","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08766824.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.550000011920929,"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321370","display_name":"Inha University","ror":"https://ror.org/01easw929"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2963047670.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2963047670.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":81,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W37102726","https://openalex.org/W287453994","https://openalex.org/W1529055572","https://openalex.org/W1533771928","https://openalex.org/W1595964359","https://openalex.org/W1973854054","https://openalex.org/W1982909553","https://openalex.org/W1988145089","https://openalex.org/W1988173583","https://openalex.org/W2007657616","https://openalex.org/W2021082829","https://openalex.org/W2032121715","https://openalex.org/W2036098206","https://openalex.org/W2038936313","https://openalex.org/W2043735491","https://openalex.org/W2045548574","https://openalex.org/W2046665097","https://openalex.org/W2050238170","https://openalex.org/W2053343131","https://openalex.org/W2068039255","https://openalex.org/W2087789897","https://openalex.org/W2093460083","https://openalex.org/W2094769033","https://openalex.org/W2095972374","https://openalex.org/W2095991840","https://openalex.org/W2128195381","https://openalex.org/W2137814624","https://openalex.org/W2142489346","https://openalex.org/W2144292363","https://openalex.org/W2149472588","https://openalex.org/W2150072505","https://openalex.org/W2150397151","https://openalex.org/W2157996669","https://openalex.org/W2164747194","https://openalex.org/W2314135771","https://openalex.org/W2314793904","https://openalex.org/W2336442296","https://openalex.org/W2480508134","https://openalex.org/W2528955493","https://openalex.org/W2547448843","https://openalex.org/W2590830253","https://openalex.org/W2597644144","https://openalex.org/W2601959706","https://openalex.org/W2604847841","https://openalex.org/W2722392453","https://openalex.org/W2724476264","https://openalex.org/W2758943312","https://openalex.org/W2760838541","https://openalex.org/W2766362400","https://openalex.org/W2776324314","https://openalex.org/W2782415950","https://openalex.org/W2782436561","https://openalex.org/W2782530465","https://openalex.org/W2783146806","https://openalex.org/W2785836782","https://openalex.org/W2785957307","https://openalex.org/W2792066387","https://openalex.org/W2793410448","https://openalex.org/W2797931485","https://openalex.org/W2802582765","https://openalex.org/W2803078875","https://openalex.org/W2805413066","https://openalex.org/W2806185408","https://openalex.org/W2883781345","https://openalex.org/W2885981131","https://openalex.org/W2886299710","https://openalex.org/W2890653409","https://openalex.org/W2897477019","https://openalex.org/W2900129512","https://openalex.org/W2904678291","https://openalex.org/W2963936979","https://openalex.org/W3108333348","https://openalex.org/W3142201277","https://openalex.org/W4254346742","https://openalex.org/W6610253648","https://openalex.org/W6632021572","https://openalex.org/W6635751109","https://openalex.org/W6683283156","https://openalex.org/W6703574509","https://openalex.org/W6747399180","https://openalex.org/W6747648134"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3081304190","https://openalex.org/W2477841276","https://openalex.org/W4225540233","https://openalex.org/W1989468614","https://openalex.org/W46613192","https://openalex.org/W2556643280","https://openalex.org/W4285703999","https://openalex.org/W2185568765","https://openalex.org/W2353494610","https://openalex.org/W3214188517"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Military":[0],"forces":[1],"of":[2,44,60,116,130,149,169,192],"every":[3],"country":[4],"are":[5,74,96,125,153],"trying":[6],"their":[7,11],"best":[8],"to":[9,25,40,57,79,90,155,207],"protect":[10],"motherland":[12],"from":[13,112],"the":[14,29,113,128,189],"attackers.":[15],"With":[16],"advancement":[17,59],"in":[18,179,209],"marine":[19],"technology,":[20],"it":[21,36],"has":[22],"become":[23],"critical":[24],"detect":[26],"and":[27,66,84,106,147,173,182,195],"track":[28],"target":[30,49,104,180],"by":[31],"obtaining":[32],"active":[33,77],"measurements":[34],"before":[35],"is":[37,52,108],"close":[38],"enough":[39],"attack.":[41],"The":[42],"utilization":[43],"unmanned":[45,170],"underwater":[46,61,86,92,117,131,150,158,171,193],"vehicles":[47,172],"for":[48,103,122,204],"tracking":[50,107,183],"behavior":[51],"gaining":[53],"great":[54],"attention":[55],"due":[56,89],"continuous":[58],"vehicular":[62],"technology.":[63],"Nevertheless,":[64],"safe":[65],"stable":[67],"communications":[68],"issues":[69],"among":[70],"different":[71,174],"acoustic":[72,94,136],"devices":[73],"still":[75],"under":[76],"investigation":[78],"reach":[80],"a":[81,109,166,198],"robust,":[82],"secure,":[83],"flexible":[85],"networking.":[87,132],"Moreover,":[88],"harsh":[91,114],"environment,":[93],"simulations":[95],"also":[97,126],"time-consuming;":[98],"therefore,":[99],"an":[100],"accurate":[101],"model":[102],"detection":[105,181],"necessity.":[110],"Apart":[111],"environment":[115],"networks,":[118,137,139],"various":[119],"technologies":[120],"emerging":[121],"terrestrial":[123],"networking":[124],"becoming":[127],"part":[129],"For":[133],"instance,":[134],"cognitive":[135],"software-defined":[138],"network":[140],"function":[141],"virtualization,":[142],"cloud":[143],"computing,":[144,146],"fog":[145],"internet":[148],"things;":[151],"all":[152],"leading":[154],"trusted":[156],"next-generation":[157],"networks.":[159],"In":[160],"this":[161,210],"paper,":[162],"we":[163],"first":[164],"provide":[165],"comprehensive":[167],"survey":[168],"ray":[175],"tracing":[176],"models":[177],"essential":[178],"that":[184,200],"answers":[185],"several":[186,202],"questions":[187],"regarding":[188],"current":[190],"necessities":[191],"networks":[194],"finally,":[196],"provides":[197],"solution":[199],"opens":[201],"doors":[203],"research":[205],"community":[206],"excel":[208],"area.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
