{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2963864695","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2929867","title":"Energy Dissipation Characteristics and Failure Patterns of Freeze-Thawed Granite in Dynamic Flexural Tension","display_name":"Energy Dissipation Characteristics and Failure Patterns of Freeze-Thawed Granite in Dynamic Flexural Tension","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2963864695","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2929867","mag":"2963864695"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2929867","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2929867","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08766799.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08766799.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061164801","display_name":"Chuanju Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6299-9871"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297991670","display_name":"Southwest University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04d996474","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuanju Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100745470","display_name":"Jian Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2378-6435"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2378-6435","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101971959","display_name":"Hongwei Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5520-1537"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongwei Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101695952","display_name":"Yun Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8887-6343"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8887-6343","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100435526","display_name":"Ping Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5758-1075"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1297991670","display_name":"Southwest University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04d996474","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1297991670"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101907215","display_name":"Bo Ke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9707-3825"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Ke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9707-3825","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.8829,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6981917,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"97793","last_page":"97802"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10161","display_name":"Rock Mechanics and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10161","display_name":"Rock Mechanics and Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10535","display_name":"Landslides and related hazards","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11699","display_name":"High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dissipation","display_name":"Dissipation","score":0.854985237121582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/split-hopkinson-pressure-bar","display_name":"Split-Hopkinson pressure bar","score":0.688136100769043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.6676455736160278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/porosity","display_name":"Porosity","score":0.5693485736846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.5228039026260376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-loading","display_name":"Dynamic loading","score":0.44141528010368347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stored-energy","display_name":"Stored energy","score":0.43963623046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strain-rate","display_name":"Strain rate","score":0.4241243004798889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geotechnical-engineering","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","score":0.35728389024734497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.22772738337516785}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135402231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898440","display_name":"Dissipation","level":2,"score":0.854985237121582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77301326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q137178","display_name":"Split-Hopkinson pressure bar","level":3,"score":0.688136100769043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6676455736160278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6648577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622669","display_name":"Porosity","level":2,"score":0.5693485736846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.5228039026260376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776639496","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3502426","display_name":"Dynamic loading","level":2,"score":0.44141528010368347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018537996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16857767","display_name":"Stored energy","level":2,"score":0.43963623046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149342994","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3181055","display_name":"Strain rate","level":2,"score":0.4241243004798889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.35728389024734497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.22772738337516785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2929867","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2929867","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08766799.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3c592df6b52f499cb3bd1c8784447b0c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3c592df6b52f499cb3bd1c8784447b0c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 97793-97802 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2929867","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2929867","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08766799.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7799999713897705}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6244184839","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2015zzts082","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321514","funder_display_name":"Central South University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7572822875","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"18zx7152","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322559","funder_display_name":"Southwest University of Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8279626153","display_name":"\u5bd2\u533a\u5ca9\u8d28\u6563\u4f53\u51bb\u80c0\u88c2\u89e3\u5b55\u80b2\u6392\u571f\u573a\u707e\u53d8\u673a\u7406\u53ca\u5e72\u9884\u673a\u5236\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"51874352","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320978","display_name":"University of Adelaide","ror":"https://ror.org/00892tw58"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321514","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322559","display_name":"Southwest University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04d996474"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323711","display_name":"Southwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kj4z117"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2963864695.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2963864695.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W45312001","https://openalex.org/W213788991","https://openalex.org/W1996677180","https://openalex.org/W2003787914","https://openalex.org/W2008324605","https://openalex.org/W2024402766","https://openalex.org/W2041900686","https://openalex.org/W2050777241","https://openalex.org/W2058988466","https://openalex.org/W2079153450","https://openalex.org/W2177665828","https://openalex.org/W2278652762","https://openalex.org/W2335309582","https://openalex.org/W2345499506","https://openalex.org/W2360279137","https://openalex.org/W2407027142","https://openalex.org/W2441910630","https://openalex.org/W2465934489","https://openalex.org/W2515286690","https://openalex.org/W2554582051","https://openalex.org/W2560022000","https://openalex.org/W2560049719","https://openalex.org/W2584548392","https://openalex.org/W2592827254","https://openalex.org/W2727960895","https://openalex.org/W2728377031","https://openalex.org/W2761930789","https://openalex.org/W2789928923","https://openalex.org/W2799437296","https://openalex.org/W2804402200","https://openalex.org/W2826767757","https://openalex.org/W2884644279","https://openalex.org/W2887370540","https://openalex.org/W2889043269","https://openalex.org/W2889317109","https://openalex.org/W2909620209","https://openalex.org/W2910387758","https://openalex.org/W2945391010"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2023778182","https://openalex.org/W93993295","https://openalex.org/W4313478731","https://openalex.org/W2040509542","https://openalex.org/W3179734309","https://openalex.org/W1991945559","https://openalex.org/W2051409469","https://openalex.org/W2185547785","https://openalex.org/W2080026964","https://openalex.org/W47783071"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deformation":[0],"and":[1,19,34,45,79,93,161],"failure":[2,26,46,166,184],"of":[3,10,17,36,48,121,168],"freeze-thawed":[4,49,169],"rocks":[5],"under":[6,51,171],"dynamic":[7,52,172],"loads":[8,53,173],"are":[9],"practical":[11],"meaning":[12],"in":[13,21,183,194],"studying":[14],"the":[15,32,41,67,88,100,107,115,122,127,134,141,147,159,165,195],"stability":[16],"slopes":[18],"tunnels":[20],"cold":[22],"regions.":[23],"The":[24,84,110],"rock":[25],"process":[27],"is":[28],"essentially":[29],"actuated":[30],"by":[31],"transfer":[33],"transformation":[35],"energy.":[37,124],"In":[38,125],"this":[39],"paper,":[40],"energy":[42,95,102,112,128,142],"dissipation":[43,94,143],"characteristics":[44],"patterns":[47,167],"granite":[50,170],"were":[54,96],"investigated.":[55],"A":[56,153],"split":[57],"Hopkinson":[58],"pressure":[59],"bar":[60],"(SHPB)":[61],"system":[62],"was":[63,103,155],"used":[64],"to":[65,75,157,191],"conduct":[66],"experiments":[68],"on":[69],"semicircular":[70],"bend":[71],"(SCB)":[72],"specimens":[73],"subjected":[74],"30,":[76],"60,":[77],"90,":[78],"120":[80],"freeze-thaw":[81],"(F-T)":[82],"cycles.":[83],"results":[85],"found":[86],"that":[87,175],"incident":[89,123],"energy,":[90,92],"reflected":[91,111],"loading":[97,108,135,148,178],"rate-dependent,":[98],"while":[99],"transmitted":[101],"not":[104],"correlated":[105],"with":[106],"rate.":[109],"accounted":[113],"for":[114],"largest":[116],"proportion":[117],"(greater":[118],"than":[119],"60%)":[120],"addition,":[126],"reflection":[129],"rate":[130,136,144,149,179],"(ERR)":[131],"decreased":[132],"when":[133,146],"or":[137,150],"porosity":[138,151,189],"increased,":[139],"whereas":[140,186],"increased":[145],"increased.":[152],"model":[154],"established":[156],"predict":[158],"ERR":[160],"EDR":[162],"evolution.":[163],"Finally,":[164],"demonstrated":[174],"a":[176,181,187],"higher":[177],"caused":[180],"change":[182],"patterns,":[185],"larger":[188],"led":[190],"greater":[192],"fragmentation":[193],"specimens.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
