{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2962842036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2929272","title":"Evolutionary Game Analysis of Online and Offline Drug Retailer Competition Based on Network Externalities","display_name":"Evolutionary Game Analysis of Online and Offline Drug Retailer Competition Based on Network Externalities","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2962842036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2929272","mag":"2962842036"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2929272","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2929272","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08765310.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08765310.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062807407","display_name":"Chenshuo Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2456-0603"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103890011","display_name":"Shenyang Pharmaceutical University","ror":"https://ror.org/03dnytd23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103890011"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenshuo Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business Administration, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2456-0603","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business Administration, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103890011"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027449545","display_name":"Zhe Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3170-9341"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103890011","display_name":"Shenyang Pharmaceutical University","ror":"https://ror.org/03dnytd23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103890011"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business Administration, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3170-9341","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business Administration, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103890011"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103890011"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.5016,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9099896,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"96620","last_page":"96627"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11437","display_name":"Digital Platforms and Economics","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11437","display_name":"Digital Platforms and Economics","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12659","display_name":"Innovation Diffusion and Forecasting","score":0.9886999726295471,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11031","display_name":"Game Theory and Applications","score":0.9861999750137329,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/profit-maximization","display_name":"Profit maximization","score":0.7346915006637573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-effect","display_name":"Network effect","score":0.6279861927032471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.5891167521476746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/profit","display_name":"Profit (economics)","score":0.5466840267181396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.5083684325218201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-theory","display_name":"Game theory","score":0.5018882751464844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/externality","display_name":"Externality","score":0.48536956310272217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-share","display_name":"Market share","score":0.45794054865837097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximization","display_name":"Maximization","score":0.44320735335350037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competition","display_name":"Competition (biology)","score":0.44203028082847595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.4227648079395294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-organization","display_name":"Industrial organization","score":0.3538561165332794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.3020278811454773}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777780509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1377422","display_name":"Profit maximization","level":3,"score":0.7346915006637573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96219163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q649124","display_name":"Network effect","level":2,"score":0.6279861927032471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.5891167521476746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181622380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26911","display_name":"Profit (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5466840267181396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5083684325218201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.5018882751464844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16118543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275372","display_name":"Externality","level":2,"score":0.48536956310272217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16051113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828814","display_name":"Market share","level":2,"score":0.45794054865837097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.44320735335350037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.44203028082847595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.4227648079395294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.3538561165332794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3020278811454773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2929272","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2929272","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08765310.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bb38410078184839a5528e42d3f607a6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bb38410078184839a5528e42d3f607a6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 96620-96627 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2929272","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2929272","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08765310.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.4300000071525574,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2962842036.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2962842036.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W181370932","https://openalex.org/W1491753373","https://openalex.org/W1496482969","https://openalex.org/W1526590982","https://openalex.org/W1566388932","https://openalex.org/W1598833883","https://openalex.org/W1600626983","https://openalex.org/W1989863137","https://openalex.org/W1994909973","https://openalex.org/W2009461506","https://openalex.org/W2018168713","https://openalex.org/W2030132240","https://openalex.org/W2056378055","https://openalex.org/W2056966259","https://openalex.org/W2063226933","https://openalex.org/W2067083294","https://openalex.org/W2070516739","https://openalex.org/W2072197860","https://openalex.org/W2077810529","https://openalex.org/W2080842589","https://openalex.org/W2127376526","https://openalex.org/W2144158361","https://openalex.org/W2520109441","https://openalex.org/W2727535354","https://openalex.org/W3121257683","https://openalex.org/W3122917641","https://openalex.org/W6607480097","https://openalex.org/W6629784767","https://openalex.org/W6635826773"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2129084770","https://openalex.org/W3023381109","https://openalex.org/W2751558758","https://openalex.org/W3121347908","https://openalex.org/W3216020073","https://openalex.org/W3122777427","https://openalex.org/W2385288202","https://openalex.org/W2798679696","https://openalex.org/W1993235290","https://openalex.org/W2365061533"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Network":[0],"externality":[1,23,125,165],"is":[2,24,126,166],"an":[3,74],"important":[4],"feature":[5],"of":[6,9,39,78,87,94,109,112,122],"the":[7,34,44,85,88,91,100,105,110,120,123,131,142,163,177,181,192,205,216],"era":[8],"network":[10,22,45,124,164],"economy.":[11],"The":[12,115],"competition":[13,37],"between":[14],"online":[15,147,206],"and":[16,27,104,107],"offline":[17],"retail":[18,41,55,80,102,133,183],"pharmacies":[19,42,56,81,103,134],"caused":[20],"by":[21,99],"getting":[25],"fiercer":[26],"fiercer.":[28],"In":[29],"this":[30],"context,":[31],"we":[32],"studied":[33],"long-term":[35,178],"market":[36,65,154,174,179,193],"evolution":[38,106],"two-channel":[40,54,79,101],"under":[43],"external":[46],"environment,":[47],"in":[48,168,176,198],"order":[49,169,199],"to":[50,58,140,158,170,190,200,213],"obtain":[51,90,201],"higher":[52,136],"profits,":[53,203],"prefer":[57],"choose":[59,139,153],"profit":[60,143,214,217],"maximization":[61,67,144,156,195,218],"marketing":[62,68,96,113,137,151,187,196,210,219],"strategy":[63,157,197],"or":[64],"share":[66,155,175,194],"strategy.":[69,220],"Using":[70],"evolutionary":[71,75],"game":[72,76],"theory,":[73],"model":[77],"was":[82],"established.":[83],"Through":[84],"establishment":[86],"model,":[89],"payment":[92],"matrix":[93],"different":[95],"strategies":[97],"selected":[98],"stability":[108],"selection":[111],"strategies.":[114],"results":[116],"show":[117],"that":[118],"when":[119,162],"strength":[121],"within":[127],"a":[128,172],"certain":[129,173],"range,":[130],"traditional":[132,182],"with":[135,149,185,208],"cost":[138,188,211],"pursue":[141,191],"strategy,":[145],"while":[146,204],"pharmacy":[148,184,207],"lower":[150],"costs":[152],"achieve":[159],"greater":[160,202],"profits;":[161],"large,":[167],"maintain":[171],"evolution,":[180],"high":[186],"chooses":[189,212],"low":[209],"from":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}