{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2962291207","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2928944","title":"DC-Bias for Optical OFDM in Visible Light Communications","display_name":"DC-Bias for Optical OFDM in Visible Light Communications","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2962291207","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2928944","mag":"2962291207"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2928944","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2928944","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08763971.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08763971.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027189712","display_name":"Xiong Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5971-277X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187400657","display_name":"South China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kq0pv72","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187400657"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiong Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187400657"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059603399","display_name":"Shokoufeh Mardanikorani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83019370","display_name":"Eindhoven University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2kyt77","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shokoufeh Mardanikorani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074205617","display_name":"Guofu Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187400657","display_name":"South China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kq0pv72","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187400657"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guofu Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187400657"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057555047","display_name":"Jean\u2010Paul M. G. Linnartz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6098-4043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122849","display_name":"Philips (Netherlands)","ror":"https://ror.org/02p2bgp27","country_code":"NL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122849"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163196","display_name":"Signify (Netherlands)","ror":"https://ror.org/0532vdr17","country_code":"NL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163196"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean-Paul M. G. Linnartz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signify (Philips Lighting) Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signify (Philips Lighting) Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163196","https://openalex.org/I4210122849"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027189712"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187400657"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.541,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89894814,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"98319","last_page":"98330"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9837999939918518,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.9375580549240112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visible-light-communication","display_name":"Visible light communication","score":0.8459860682487488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.557533860206604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.5328363180160522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.4853872060775757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.484881728887558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4612945318222046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.32177650928497314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-emitting-diode","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","score":0.2906947135925293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.24619907140731812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.15214920043945312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15088927745819092}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.9375580549240112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160487672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426313","display_name":"Visible light communication","level":3,"score":0.8459860682487488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.557533860206604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5328363180160522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.4853872060775757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.484881728887558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4612945318222046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.32177650928497314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.2906947135925293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.24619907140731812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.15214920043945312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15088927745819092}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2928944","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2928944","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08763971.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.tue.nl:openaire/003252c1-8181-42e5-9f8a-f06f7a591e3f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tue.nl/en/publications/003252c1-8181-42e5-9f8a-f06f7a591e3f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Deng, X, Mardanikorani, S, Zhou, G & Linnartz, J P 2019, 'DC-bias for Optical OFDM in Visible Light Communications', IEEE Access, vol. 7, 8763971, pp. 98319-98330. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2928944","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:tue:oai:pure.tue.nl:publications/003252c1-8181-42e5-9f8a-f06f7a591e3f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tue.nl/nl/publications/003252c1-8181-42e5-9f8a-f06f7a591e3f","pdf_url":"https://research.tue.nl/nl/publications/003252c1-8181-42e5-9f8a-f06f7a591e3f","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, 7:8763971, 98319 - 98330. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:912525","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://library.tue.nl/csp/dare/LinkToRepository.csp?recordnumber=912525","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923046","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal (Eindhoven University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN:2169-3536","raw_type":"Article / Letter to the editor"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:25885ef3594b459ca6da583073885a7a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/25885ef3594b459ca6da583073885a7a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 98319-98330 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:library.tue.nl:912525","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.tue.nl/912525","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923046","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal (Eindhoven University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN:2169-3536","raw_type":"Article / Letter to the editor"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2928944","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2928944","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08763971.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2962291207.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2962291207.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2005598207","https://openalex.org/W2028078039","https://openalex.org/W2084923786","https://openalex.org/W2096145616","https://openalex.org/W2104856264","https://openalex.org/W2105935781","https://openalex.org/W2113274078","https://openalex.org/W2117543086","https://openalex.org/W2121114951","https://openalex.org/W2122740253","https://openalex.org/W2123068486","https://openalex.org/W2124496513","https://openalex.org/W2126936420","https://openalex.org/W2127063715","https://openalex.org/W2127679132","https://openalex.org/W2138959822","https://openalex.org/W2139642610","https://openalex.org/W2142943005","https://openalex.org/W2149126001","https://openalex.org/W2161030015","https://openalex.org/W2217351630","https://openalex.org/W2273319291","https://openalex.org/W2739699150","https://openalex.org/W2884536864","https://openalex.org/W2895961308","https://openalex.org/W2909679975","https://openalex.org/W2920419857","https://openalex.org/W2920442604","https://openalex.org/W3023553154","https://openalex.org/W3100525167","https://openalex.org/W7075373166"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3000983037","https://openalex.org/W1823550417","https://openalex.org/W4243590696","https://openalex.org/W2147186021","https://openalex.org/W3206736260","https://openalex.org/W3215727179","https://openalex.org/W2323432503","https://openalex.org/W1484601885","https://openalex.org/W4321843682","https://openalex.org/W4385346047"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"requirement":[1],"of":[2,56,72,127,157,167],"a":[3,51,86,161,165,190],"DC-bias":[4,119],"is":[5,106],"known":[6],"to":[7,65,143,204],"make":[8],"DC-biased":[9],"optical":[10,26],"orthogonal":[11],"frequency":[12],"division":[13],"multiplexing":[14],"(DCO-OFDM)":[15],"less":[16],"energy":[17,46],"efficient.":[18],"This":[19],"can":[20,81,116],"be":[21,82],"improved":[22],"by":[23,108],"asymmetrically":[24],"clipped":[25,79,178],"OFDM":[27,32,80,182],"(ACO-OFDM),":[28],"pulse":[29],"amplitude":[30],"modulated":[31],"(PAM-OFDM)":[33],"or":[34],"Flip-OFDM,":[35],"but":[36,124],"these":[37],"variants":[38,126,150],"use":[39],"the":[40,57,67,99,104,118],"bandwidth":[41,55,208],"inefficiently.":[42],"Our":[43],"trade-off":[44],"between":[45,197],"and":[47,62,184,194,200,207],"spectrum":[48],"efficiency":[49],"considers":[50],"given":[52],"limited":[53],"channel":[54,163],"light":[58,94,101],"emitting":[59],"diode":[60],"(LED)":[61],"then":[63],"attempts":[64],"get":[66],"highest":[68],"throughput":[69,159],"per":[70],"unit":[71],"energy.":[73],"We":[74,135],"investigate":[75],"previous":[76],"findings":[77],"that":[78,137],"more":[83],"attractive":[84],"in":[85,97,138,151,155],"low-SNR":[87],"regime.":[88],"More":[89],"specifically,":[90],"we":[91,188],"consider":[92],"visible":[93],"communication":[95],"(VLC)":[96],"which":[98],"average":[100],"level,":[102],"i.e.,":[103],"bias,":[105],"prescribed":[107],"illumination":[109],"requirements,":[110],"thus":[111],"comes":[112],"for":[113,122],"free.":[114],"ACO/PAM/Flip-OFDM":[115,144],"convert":[117],"into":[120],"power":[121,170,193,206],"communication,":[123],"all":[125,152],"OFDM,":[128],"including":[129],"DCO-OFDM":[130,147],"consume":[131],"extra":[132,168],"electrical":[133,169],"power.":[134],"conclude":[136],"this":[139],"scenario,":[140],"advantages":[141],"attributed":[142],"vanish,":[145],"as":[146,164,176],"outperforms":[148],"its":[149],"SNR":[153],"conditions,":[154],"terms":[156],"achieved":[158],"over":[160],"bandlimited":[162],"function":[166],"required.":[171],"For":[172],"hybrid":[173],"solutions,":[174],"such":[175],"Asymmetrically":[177],"DC":[179],"biased":[180],"Optical":[181],"(ADO-OFDM)":[183],"Hybrid":[185],"ACO-OFDM":[186],"(HACO-OFDM),":[187],"optimize":[189],"new":[191],"adaptive":[192],"rate":[195],"splitting":[196],"odd":[198],"(clipped)":[199],"even":[201],"(biased/clipped)":[202],"subcarriers":[203],"balance":[205],"efficiency.":[209]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}