{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2956945966","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2927484","title":"Mitigating Sensor Attacks Against Industrial Control Systems","display_name":"Mitigating Sensor Attacks Against Industrial Control Systems","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2956945966","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2927484","mag":"2956945966"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2927484","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2927484","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08758093.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08758093.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005487736","display_name":"Luis Francisco C\u00f3mbita","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9835-4453"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162096671","display_name":"Universidad de Los Andes","ror":"https://ror.org/02mhbdp94","country_code":"CO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162096671"]}],"countries":["CO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis F. Combita","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda El\u00e9ctrica y Electr\u00f3nica, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9835-4453","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda El\u00e9ctrica y Electr\u00f3nica, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162096671"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016892225","display_name":"\u00c1lvaro A. C\u00e1rdenas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5142-9750"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185103710","display_name":"University of California, Santa Cruz","ror":"https://ror.org/03s65by71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alvaro Cardenas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010955102","display_name":"Nicanor Quijano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8688-3195"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162096671","display_name":"Universidad de Los Andes","ror":"https://ror.org/02mhbdp94","country_code":"CO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162096671"]}],"countries":["CO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicanor Quijano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda El\u00e9ctrica y Electr\u00f3nica, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda El\u00e9ctrica y Electr\u00f3nica, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162096671"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.6799,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83279181,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"92444","last_page":"92455"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9750999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7619448900222778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-control-system","display_name":"Industrial control system","score":0.7200329303741455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.7011911869049072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoupling","display_name":"Decoupling (probability)","score":0.6873037815093994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.5788406729698181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-system","display_name":"Control system","score":0.5036680102348328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.4798983335494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-detection-and-isolation","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","score":0.41966119408607483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-tolerance","display_name":"Fault tolerance","score":0.41178613901138306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.41054487228393555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3852253556251526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.3617101311683655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3229072391986847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.27916669845581055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actuator","display_name":"Actuator","score":0.17360663414001465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15688776969909668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.14817345142364502}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7619448900222778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40071531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2513962","display_name":"Industrial control system","level":3,"score":0.7200329303741455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.7011911869049072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205606062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249645","display_name":"Decoupling (probability)","level":2,"score":0.6873037815093994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.5788406729698181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.5036680102348328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4798983335494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152745839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438153","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","level":3,"score":0.41966119408607483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63540848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3140932","display_name":"Fault tolerance","level":2,"score":0.41178613901138306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.41054487228393555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3852253556251526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3617101311683655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3229072391986847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.27916669845581055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.17360663414001465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15688776969909668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.14817345142364502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2927484","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2927484","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08758093.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a2a52c5a81b8447aa217419f7fd673e4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a2a52c5a81b8447aa217419f7fd673e4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 92444-92455 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt9k82349d","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9k82349d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2927484","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2927484","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08758093.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1072749480","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA9550-17","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","funder_display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1523888516","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA9550-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","funder_display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G260750634","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA9550-17-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","funder_display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4136935244","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA9550-19-1-0014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","funder_display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7090116110","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA9550","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332467","funder_display_name":"U.S. Air Force"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8722205058","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"-19-1-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332467","funder_display_name":"U.S. Air Force"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309955","display_name":"Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnolog\u00eda e Innovaci\u00f3n (COLCIENCIAS)","ror":"https://ror.org/048jthh02"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332467","display_name":"U.S. Air Force","ror":"https://ror.org/006gmme17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research","ror":"https://ror.org/011e9bt93"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2956945966.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2956945966.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W207267598","https://openalex.org/W588139629","https://openalex.org/W1510598017","https://openalex.org/W1972523481","https://openalex.org/W1992488456","https://openalex.org/W2003530067","https://openalex.org/W2005028112","https://openalex.org/W2030140501","https://openalex.org/W2038651258","https://openalex.org/W2056451850","https://openalex.org/W2060479059","https://openalex.org/W2062132646","https://openalex.org/W2063260786","https://openalex.org/W2102832680","https://openalex.org/W2105773843","https://openalex.org/W2123990969","https://openalex.org/W2188972169","https://openalex.org/W2253731897","https://openalex.org/W2284373869","https://openalex.org/W2466017789","https://openalex.org/W2478999276","https://openalex.org/W2535751405","https://openalex.org/W2552129899","https://openalex.org/W2555431798","https://openalex.org/W2572224102","https://openalex.org/W2579603034","https://openalex.org/W2615836285","https://openalex.org/W2617246254","https://openalex.org/W2740704332","https://openalex.org/W2777754251","https://openalex.org/W2787335306","https://openalex.org/W2793107922","https://openalex.org/W2896894594","https://openalex.org/W2900589168","https://openalex.org/W4230460640","https://openalex.org/W4394780967","https://openalex.org/W6658382951","https://openalex.org/W6691499162","https://openalex.org/W6864304667"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3147872107","https://openalex.org/W2289521417","https://openalex.org/W2237732271","https://openalex.org/W1980323860","https://openalex.org/W3123953333","https://openalex.org/W2296060994","https://openalex.org/W4366341301","https://openalex.org/W4389543476","https://openalex.org/W2979010465","https://openalex.org/W2366309551"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,31],"paper":[1],"describes":[2],"how":[3,35],"to":[4,12,48],"design":[5],"and":[6],"implement":[7],"a":[8,36,69,98],"mechanism":[9,55],"that":[10,71],"helps":[11],"mitigate":[13],"sensor":[14,57],"attacks":[15,58,66],"on":[16,25],"industrial":[17],"control":[18,29,61,101],"systems.":[19,62],"The":[20],"proposed":[21],"architecture":[22],"is":[23],"based":[24],"concepts":[26],"from":[27],"fault-tolerant":[28],"techniques.":[30],"short":[32],"note":[33],"explains":[34],"Kalman":[37],"filter":[38],"can":[39],"be":[40],"used":[41],"simultaneously":[42],"with":[43],"optimal":[44],"disturbance":[45],"decoupling":[46],"observers":[47],"improve":[49],"the":[50,53,73,77,81,85,92],"performance":[51],"of":[52,87,94],"mitigation":[54],"for":[56],"in":[59],"cyber-physical":[60],"Our":[63],"proposal":[64,96],"mitigates":[65],"by":[67,76],"generating":[68],"signal":[70],"compensates":[72],"change":[74],"provoked":[75],"attacker,":[78],"while":[79],"at":[80],"same":[82],"time":[83],"reducing":[84],"number":[86],"false":[88],"alarms.":[89],"We":[90],"demonstrate":[91],"effectiveness":[93],"our":[95],"using":[97],"three":[99],"tanks":[100],"simulation.":[102]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}