{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2958608002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2927387","title":"Locating Smartphones Indoors Using Built-In Sensors and Wi-Fi Ranging With an Enhanced Particle Filter","display_name":"Locating Smartphones Indoors Using Built-In Sensors and Wi-Fi Ranging With an Enhanced Particle Filter","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2958608002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2927387","mag":"2958608002"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2927387","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2927387","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08756276.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08756276.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012383108","display_name":"Shihao Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2399-7176"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118728","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing","ror":"https://ror.org/02bpap860","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shihao Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping, and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2399-7176","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping, and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728","https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029924052","display_name":"Ruizhi Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6683-2342"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruizhi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Innovation Center of Geospatial Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center of Geospatial Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000295734","display_name":"Yue Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3529-585X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118728","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing","ror":"https://ror.org/02bpap860","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping, and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping, and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728","https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010955579","display_name":"Guangyi Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7494-0914"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118728","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing","ror":"https://ror.org/02bpap860","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangyi Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping, and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7494-0914","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping, and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728","https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017729658","display_name":"Lixiong Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3644-3527"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118728","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing","ror":"https://ror.org/02bpap860","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lixiong Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping, and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping, and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118728","https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":6.539,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":89,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97294753,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"95140","last_page":"95153"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7702924013137817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranging","display_name":"Ranging","score":0.7027982473373413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-filter","display_name":"Particle filter","score":0.6716581583023071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.6275736689567566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/initialization","display_name":"Initialization","score":0.5487995743751526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dead-reckoning","display_name":"Dead reckoning","score":0.5027153491973877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trilateration","display_name":"Trilateration","score":0.4717329740524292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.34755009412765503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.3224753737449646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.2332991063594818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.17865076661109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.16827890276908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11673510074615479}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7702924013137817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.7027982473373413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52421305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151499","display_name":"Particle filter","level":3,"score":0.6716581583023071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.6275736689567566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114466953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6034165","display_name":"Initialization","level":2,"score":0.5487995743751526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106165642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152255","display_name":"Dead reckoning","level":3,"score":0.5027153491973877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20832178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1146298","display_name":"Trilateration","level":3,"score":0.4717329740524292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.34755009412765503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3224753737449646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.2332991063594818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.17865076661109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.16827890276908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11673510074615479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2927387","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2927387","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08756276.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ca568c72106c429db15e5fa1378e6bc6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ca568c72106c429db15e5fa1378e6bc6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 95140-95153 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2927387","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2927387","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08756276.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2969773877","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016YFB0502200","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3438858774","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"91638203","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G477881849","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201910486002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324116","funder_display_name":"Wuhan University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7128558327","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016YFB0502201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G998206653","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016YFB0502201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324116","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2958608002.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2958608002.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W96744093","https://openalex.org/W416258199","https://openalex.org/W562790762","https://openalex.org/W1575605728","https://openalex.org/W1642248920","https://openalex.org/W1859106888","https://openalex.org/W1970826532","https://openalex.org/W2003338102","https://openalex.org/W2011224697","https://openalex.org/W2019672046","https://openalex.org/W2040378481","https://openalex.org/W2050374176","https://openalex.org/W2051376734","https://openalex.org/W2070027626","https://openalex.org/W2085871825","https://openalex.org/W2100045669","https://openalex.org/W2105006295","https://openalex.org/W2108422006","https://openalex.org/W2110728483","https://openalex.org/W2113926057","https://openalex.org/W2118991694","https://openalex.org/W2120824934","https://openalex.org/W2129912474","https://openalex.org/W2137539192","https://openalex.org/W2140004187","https://openalex.org/W2143228105","https://openalex.org/W2143737806","https://openalex.org/W2156499774","https://openalex.org/W2160337655","https://openalex.org/W2164872011","https://openalex.org/W2169724204","https://openalex.org/W2171435284","https://openalex.org/W2269623880","https://openalex.org/W2279510040","https://openalex.org/W2467614597","https://openalex.org/W2508984843","https://openalex.org/W2896237406","https://openalex.org/W2903653767","https://openalex.org/W2905536956","https://openalex.org/W2908297183","https://openalex.org/W2917213362","https://openalex.org/W2920323739","https://openalex.org/W2943393181","https://openalex.org/W2962829164","https://openalex.org/W2995202876","https://openalex.org/W6604024153","https://openalex.org/W6614285278","https://openalex.org/W6615845089","https://openalex.org/W6675476710","https://openalex.org/W6695169759","https://openalex.org/W6725400943"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1707434239","https://openalex.org/W3130929031","https://openalex.org/W2248192341","https://openalex.org/W2790716548","https://openalex.org/W2085095272","https://openalex.org/W2337616151","https://openalex.org/W3004316703","https://openalex.org/W3189461536","https://openalex.org/W2906811505","https://openalex.org/W2050041763"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sensors-based":[0],"and":[1,50,69,83,102,153],"radio":[2],"frequency":[3],"(RF)-based":[4],"indoor":[5,34,43,136],"localization":[6,125,142],"technology":[7],"is":[8,72,92,143,158,168],"one":[9],"of":[10,78,99,112,140,149,166],"the":[11,20,47,76,103,113,120,128,150,154,164],"keys":[12],"in":[13,133,147],"location-based":[14],"services.":[15],"The":[16,115,138],"IEEE":[17],"802.11-2016":[18],"introduced":[19],"Wi-Fi":[21,37,84,104],"fine":[22],"timing":[23],"measurement":[24],"(FTM)":[25],"protocol,":[26],"which":[27],"provides":[28],"a":[29,63,134],"new":[30,64],"approach":[31],"for":[32,66],"Wi-Fi-based":[33],"localization.":[35],"However,":[36],"signals":[38],"are":[39,107],"susceptible":[40],"to":[41,74,94],"complex":[42],"environments.":[44],"To":[45],"improve":[46,95],"positioning":[48,131],"accuracy":[49,139],"stability,":[51],"an":[52,88],"enhanced":[53],"particle":[54],"filter":[55],"(PF)":[56],"with":[57],"two":[58],"different":[59],"state":[60],"update":[61],"strategies,":[62],"criterion":[65],"divergence":[67],"monitoring":[68],"rapid":[70],"re-initialization":[71],"proposed":[73,93,121],"integrate":[75],"advantages":[77],"pedestrian":[79],"dead":[80],"reckoning":[81],"(PDR)":[82],"FTM.":[85],"In":[86],"addition,":[87],"adaptive":[89],"tilt":[90],"compensation":[91],"real-time":[96],"heading":[97],"estimation":[98,111],"conventional":[100],"PDR,":[101],"FTM":[105],"outliers":[106],"detected":[108],"by":[109],"displacement":[110],"PDR.":[114],"experimental":[116],"results":[117],"show":[118],"that":[119],"PF":[122],"has":[123],"better":[124],"performance":[126],"than":[127,160],"single":[129],"source":[130],"methods":[132],"typical":[135],"scenario.":[137],"final":[141],"within":[144],"1":[145],"m":[146],"86.7%":[148],"dynamic":[151],"cases":[152],"average":[155],"calculation":[156],"time":[157],"less":[159],"0.5":[161],"s":[162],"when":[163],"number":[165],"particles":[167],"2000.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-16T09:24:06.705377","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
