{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2943386716","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2927075","title":"CharBot: A Simple and Effective Method for Evading DGA Classifiers","display_name":"CharBot: A Simple and Effective Method for Evading DGA Classifiers","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2943386716","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2927075","mag":"2943386716"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2927075","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2927075","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08756038.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08756038.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089846651","display_name":"Jonathan Peck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2929-4164"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","display_name":"Ghent University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Peck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium","Department of Applied Mathematics Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University Ghent Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2929-4164","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Mathematics Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University Ghent Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022429768","display_name":"Claire Nie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150356","display_name":"University of Washington Tacoma","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8t2628","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701","https://openalex.org/I4210150356"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claire Nie","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Technology, University of Washington at Tacoma, Tacoma, WA, USA","[School of Engineering and Technology, University of Washington at Tacoma, Tacoma, WA, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Technology, University of Washington at Tacoma, Tacoma, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150356"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Engineering and Technology, University of Washington at Tacoma, Tacoma, WA, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150356"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013099146","display_name":"Raaghavi Sivaguru","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150356","display_name":"University of Washington Tacoma","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8t2628","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701","https://openalex.org/I4210150356"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raaghavi Sivaguru","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Technology, University of Washington at Tacoma, Tacoma, WA, USA","[School of Engineering and Technology, University of Washington at Tacoma, Tacoma, WA, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Technology, University of Washington at Tacoma, Tacoma, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150356"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Engineering and Technology, University of Washington at Tacoma, Tacoma, WA, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150356"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050732687","display_name":"Charles Grumer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150356","display_name":"University of Washington Tacoma","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8t2628","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701","https://openalex.org/I4210150356"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles Grumer","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Technology, University of Washington at Tacoma, Tacoma, WA, USA","[School of Engineering and Technology, University of Washington at Tacoma, Tacoma, WA, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Technology, University of Washington at Tacoma, Tacoma, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150356"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Engineering and Technology, University of Washington at Tacoma, Tacoma, WA, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150356"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049970022","display_name":"Femi Olumofin","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Femi Olumofin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Infoblox, Santa Clara, CA, USA","[Infoblox, Santa Clara, CA, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Infoblox, Santa Clara, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Infoblox, Santa Clara, CA, USA]","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020586569","display_name":"Bin Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1680-3129"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Infoblox, Santa Clara, CA, USA","[Infoblox, Santa Clara, CA, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Infoblox, Santa Clara, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Infoblox, Santa Clara, CA, USA]","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070505291","display_name":"Anderson C. A. Nascimento","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8298-6250"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210150356","display_name":"University of Washington Tacoma","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8t2628","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701","https://openalex.org/I4210150356"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anderson Nascimento","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Technology, University of Washington at Tacoma, Tacoma, WA, USA","[School of Engineering and Technology, University of Washington at Tacoma, Tacoma, WA, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Technology, University of Washington at Tacoma, Tacoma, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150356"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[School of Engineering and Technology, University of Washington at Tacoma, Tacoma, WA, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210150356"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056749857","display_name":"Martine De Cock","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7917-0771"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","display_name":"Ghent University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martine De Cock","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium","Department of Applied Mathematics Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University Ghent Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7917-0771","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Mathematics Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University Ghent Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089846651"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.1452,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56008766,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"91759","last_page":"91771"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7898121476173401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.7220455408096313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.696243405342102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.693781852722168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.6354230642318726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malware","display_name":"Malware","score":0.6216884851455688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5421257615089417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.4852130711078644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.13230615854263306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7898121476173401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.7220455408096313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.696243405342102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.693781852722168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.6354230642318726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541664917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14001","display_name":"Malware","level":2,"score":0.6216884851455688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5421257615089417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4852130711078644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.13230615854263306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2927075","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2927075","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08756038.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1905.01078","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1905.01078","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.01078","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:2943386716","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.01078.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:archive.ugent.be:8623843","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8623843","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400478","display_name":"Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","host_organization_name":"Ghent University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN: 2169-3536","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f7d5fe457c41490bb10e3ac159c21a56","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f7d5fe457c41490bb10e3ac159c21a56","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 91759-91771 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1905.01078","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1905.01078","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2927075","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2927075","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08756038.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.4300000071525574,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309480","display_name":"Nvidia","ror":"https://ror.org/03jdj4y14"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321730","display_name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/03qtxy027"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327336","display_name":"Vlaamse regering","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2943386716.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2943386716.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W17316494","https://openalex.org/W1561983441","https://openalex.org/W1637101047","https://openalex.org/W1647671624","https://openalex.org/W1981294881","https://openalex.org/W2099471712","https://openalex.org/W2123845384","https://openalex.org/W2239778906","https://openalex.org/W2243397390","https://openalex.org/W2293768274","https://openalex.org/W2296452361","https://openalex.org/W2464432954","https://openalex.org/W2528572867","https://openalex.org/W2546910111","https://openalex.org/W2591788621","https://openalex.org/W2592440977","https://openalex.org/W2625935159","https://openalex.org/W2751688886","https://openalex.org/W2759618680","https://openalex.org/W2768793959","https://openalex.org/W2773671123","https://openalex.org/W2784291098","https://openalex.org/W2784815861","https://openalex.org/W2786906486","https://openalex.org/W2799194071","https://openalex.org/W2886189420","https://openalex.org/W2889547652","https://openalex.org/W2890928763","https://openalex.org/W2892354372","https://openalex.org/W2900892325","https://openalex.org/W2912464539","https://openalex.org/W2912761498","https://openalex.org/W2913694443","https://openalex.org/W2917948814","https://openalex.org/W2942650110","https://openalex.org/W2950338739","https://openalex.org/W2963207607","https://openalex.org/W2964253222","https://openalex.org/W6600171677","https://openalex.org/W6600692465","https://openalex.org/W6633578641","https://openalex.org/W6636915900","https://openalex.org/W6640425456","https://openalex.org/W6719105664","https://openalex.org/W6729497825","https://openalex.org/W6734028196","https://openalex.org/W6734770194","https://openalex.org/W6739868092","https://openalex.org/W6743626266","https://openalex.org/W6744821220","https://openalex.org/W6748202248","https://openalex.org/W6754646375","https://openalex.org/W6758764520","https://openalex.org/W6760541001"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3195826529","https://openalex.org/W2942650110","https://openalex.org/W2985954572","https://openalex.org/W3036942035","https://openalex.org/W2952983201","https://openalex.org/W3088401851","https://openalex.org/W2945144170","https://openalex.org/W2768793959","https://openalex.org/W1964538485","https://openalex.org/W3089068829","https://openalex.org/W3041676721","https://openalex.org/W3167308918","https://openalex.org/W3037266788","https://openalex.org/W3195497129","https://openalex.org/W2964283260","https://openalex.org/W2598549816","https://openalex.org/W3168457888","https://openalex.org/W3211182750","https://openalex.org/W3202618652","https://openalex.org/W3131088496"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Domain":[0],"generation":[1],"algorithms":[2],"(DGAs)":[3],"are":[4,64,133],"commonly":[5],"leveraged":[6],"by":[7,67],"malware":[8],"to":[9,34,136,148,191],"create":[10],"lists":[11],"of":[12,55,59,73,105,162,173],"domain":[13,38,61,145,167],"names,":[14],"which":[15,52],"can":[16],"be":[17],"used":[18],"for":[19,70],"command":[20],"and":[21,89,101,181],"control":[22],"(C&C)":[23],"purposes.":[24],"Approaches":[25],"based":[26,85],"on":[27,86,116,143],"machine":[28],"learning":[29,93],"have":[30],"recently":[31,78],"been":[32],"developed":[33],"automatically":[35],"detect":[36],"generated":[37],"names":[39,62],"in":[40],"real-time.":[41],"In":[42],"this":[43],"paper,":[44],"we":[45],"present":[46],"a":[47,121,150,153],"novel":[48],"DGA":[49,108,131,155,188],"called":[50],"CharBot,":[51],"is":[53,97,119,178],"capable":[54],"producing":[56],"large":[57],"numbers":[58],"unregistered":[60],"that":[63,112,130],"not":[65,120],"detected":[66],"state-of-the-art":[68],"classifiers":[69,115,132,189],"real-time":[71],"detection":[72],"the":[74,77,106,114,144,160,166,171,176,179],"DGAs,":[75],"including":[76],"published":[79],"methods":[80],"FANCI":[81],"(a":[82,91],"random":[83],"forest":[84],"human-engineered":[87],"features)":[88],"LSTM.MI":[90],"deep":[92],"approach).":[94],"The":[95],"CharBot":[96,117,177],"very":[98],"simple,":[99],"effective,":[100],"requires":[102],"no":[103],"knowledge":[104],"targeted":[107],"classifiers.":[109],"We":[110,125],"show":[111,129],"retraining":[113],"samples":[118],"viable":[122],"defense":[123],"strategy.":[124],"believe":[126],"these":[127],"findings":[128],"inherently":[134],"vulnerable":[135],"adversarial":[137,185],"attacks":[138],"if":[139],"they":[140],"rely":[141],"only":[142],"name":[146,168],"string":[147],"make":[149],"decision.":[151],"Designing":[152],"robust":[154],"classifier":[156],"may,":[157],"therefore,":[158],"necessitate":[159],"use":[161],"additional":[163],"information":[164],"besides":[165],"alone.":[169],"To":[170],"best":[172],"our":[174],"knowledge,":[175],"simplest":[180],"most":[182],"efficient":[183],"black-box":[184],"attack":[186],"against":[187],"proposed":[190],"date.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
