{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2954388914","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2926633","title":"Adversarially Regularized U-Net-based GANs for Facial Attribute Modification and Generation","display_name":"Adversarially Regularized U-Net-based GANs for Facial Attribute Modification and Generation","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2954388914","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2926633","mag":"2954388914"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2926633","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2926633","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08754728.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08754728.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082187765","display_name":"Jiayuan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7323-1948"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiayuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100359729","display_name":"Ao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9910-8967"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","Research Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004895426","display_name":"Yu Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2067-9175"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100376902","display_name":"Minghui Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5788-894X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minghui Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","Research Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082187765"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.226,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8342686,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"86453","last_page":"86462"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8510469198226929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regularization","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","score":0.6152650713920593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.581713855266571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.4928724765777588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.46923214197158813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4671339988708496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.4481901526451111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.425982266664505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/net","display_name":"Net (polyhedron)","score":0.4162253439426422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.4147488474845886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.38294631242752075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08225440979003906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8510469198226929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776135515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17143721","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6152650713920593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.581713855266571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.4928724765777588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.46923214197158813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4671339988708496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.4481901526451111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.425982266664505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14166107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q253829","display_name":"Net (polyhedron)","level":2,"score":0.4162253439426422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4147488474845886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.38294631242752075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08225440979003906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2926633","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2926633","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08754728.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fd0cf3dfb49646c1b666616cdb9e0529","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fd0cf3dfb49646c1b666616cdb9e0529","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 86453-86462 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2926633","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2926633","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08754728.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1023919524","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", Grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4199516844","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61571414","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7078069131","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61871361","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7348074014","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61471331","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2954388914.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2954388914.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":76,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W204612701","https://openalex.org/W1834627138","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1934410531","https://openalex.org/W1959608418","https://openalex.org/W2096733369","https://openalex.org/W2097268041","https://openalex.org/W2099471712","https://openalex.org/W2163808566","https://openalex.org/W2188365844","https://openalex.org/W2502312327","https://openalex.org/W2530372461","https://openalex.org/W2579277680","https://openalex.org/W2579578355","https://openalex.org/W2587706859","https://openalex.org/W2606203664","https://openalex.org/W2615502831","https://openalex.org/W2621350877","https://openalex.org/W2734075827","https://openalex.org/W2742079690","https://openalex.org/W2772024431","https://openalex.org/W2782845760","https://openalex.org/W2790214987","https://openalex.org/W2791502232","https://openalex.org/W2795967288","https://openalex.org/W2798748382","https://openalex.org/W2883649754","https://openalex.org/W2892845759","https://openalex.org/W2949595773","https://openalex.org/W2952673310","https://openalex.org/W2962793481","https://openalex.org/W2962879692","https://openalex.org/W2963276927","https://openalex.org/W2963373786","https://openalex.org/W2963426391","https://openalex.org/W2963567641","https://openalex.org/W2963626105","https://openalex.org/W2963696494","https://openalex.org/W2963746531","https://openalex.org/W2963767194","https://openalex.org/W2963901923","https://openalex.org/W2963981733","https://openalex.org/W2963985284","https://openalex.org/W2964167449","https://openalex.org/W2964204305","https://openalex.org/W2982445686","https://openalex.org/W3099206234","https://openalex.org/W4293568373","https://openalex.org/W4295521014","https://openalex.org/W4300838842","https://openalex.org/W4301206121","https://openalex.org/W4320013936","https://openalex.org/W6639824700","https://openalex.org/W6640963894","https://openalex.org/W6674889427","https://openalex.org/W6687045409","https://openalex.org/W6687500345","https://openalex.org/W6687506355","https://openalex.org/W6718379498","https://openalex.org/W6724804524","https://openalex.org/W6728889164","https://openalex.org/W6732943021","https://openalex.org/W6735913928","https://openalex.org/W6736284675","https://openalex.org/W6738384942","https://openalex.org/W6739139180","https://openalex.org/W6741190674","https://openalex.org/W6742058293","https://openalex.org/W6745535286","https://openalex.org/W6745718552","https://openalex.org/W6749079779","https://openalex.org/W6752856019","https://openalex.org/W6755384783","https://openalex.org/W6761905979","https://openalex.org/W6765779288","https://openalex.org/W6780248173"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2502115930","https://openalex.org/W2482350142","https://openalex.org/W4246396837","https://openalex.org/W3126451824","https://openalex.org/W1561927205","https://openalex.org/W3191453585","https://openalex.org/W4297672492","https://openalex.org/W4310988119","https://openalex.org/W4285226279","https://openalex.org/W4288019534"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modifying":[0],"and":[1,11,30,79,155,171,175,228],"generating":[2],"facial":[3,152,192],"images":[4,44],"with":[5,209],"desired":[6],"attributes":[7,168],"are":[8],"two":[9,200],"important":[10],"highly":[12],"related":[13],"tasks":[14,47,157,201],"in":[15],"the":[16,73,77,83,106,120,127,147,151,195,218],"field":[17],"of":[18,27,76,86,122,220],"computer":[19],"vision.":[20],"Some":[21],"current":[22],"methods":[23],"can":[24,186,203],"take":[25],"advantage":[26],"their":[28],"relationship":[29],"use":[31],"a":[32,50,58,142],"unified":[33],"model":[34,60,185],"to":[35,92,98,118,125,132,158,205],"handle":[36],"them":[37,211],"simultaneously.":[38],"However,":[39],"producing":[40],"high":[41,189],"visual":[42,173,190],"quality":[43,191],"on":[45,166,178,230],"both":[46,179],"is":[48,72,80],"still":[49],"challenge.":[51],"To":[52],"tackle":[53],"this":[54,110,137],"issue,":[55],"we":[56,215],"propose":[57,141],"novel":[59],"called":[61],"adversarially":[62],"regularized":[63],"U-net":[64],"(ARU-net)-based":[65],"generative":[66],"adversarial":[67,115],"networks":[68],"(ARU-GANs).":[69],"The":[70],"ARU-net":[71],"major":[74],"part":[75],"ARU-GAN":[78],"inspired":[81],"by":[82,223],"design":[84],"principle":[85],"U-net.":[87],"It":[88],"uses":[89],"skip":[90],"connections":[91],"pass":[93],"different-level":[94],"features":[95],"from":[96,136],"encoder":[97],"decoder,":[99],"which":[100,130,149,181],"preserves":[101],"sufficient":[102],"attribute-independent":[103],"details":[104],"for":[105,146],"modification":[107,154],"task.":[108],"Besides,":[109],"U-net-like":[111],"architecture":[112],"employs":[113],"an":[114,225],"regularization":[116],"term":[117],"guide":[119],"distribution":[121],"latent":[123],"representation":[124],"match":[126],"prior":[128],"distribution,":[129],"guarantees":[131],"generate":[133],"meaningful":[134],"faces":[135],"prior.":[138],"We":[139,163],"also":[140],"joint":[143],"training":[144],"technique":[145],"ARU-GAN,":[148],"enables":[150],"attribute":[153],"generation":[156],"learn":[159],"together":[160],"during":[161],"training.":[162],"perform":[164],"experiments":[165],"celebfaces":[167],"(CelebA)":[169],"dataset":[170],"make":[172],"analysis":[174],"quantitative":[176],"evaluation":[177],"tasks,":[180],"demonstrates":[182],"that":[183,198],"our":[184,221],"successfully":[187],"produce":[188],"images.":[193],"Also,":[194],"results":[196],"show":[197],"learning":[199,210],"jointly":[202],"lead":[204],"performance":[206],"improvement":[207],"compared":[208],"individually.":[212],"At":[213],"last,":[214],"further":[216],"validate":[217],"effectiveness":[219],"method":[222],"making":[224],"ablation":[226],"study":[227],"experimenting":[229],"another":[231],"dataset.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-04-13T07:58:08.660418","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
