{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2955729514","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2926353","title":"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao Lower Bound Analysis for Stochastic Model Based Target Parameter Estimation in Multistatic Passive Radar With Direct-Path Interference","display_name":"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao Lower Bound Analysis for Stochastic Model Based Target Parameter Estimation in Multistatic Passive Radar With Direct-Path Interference","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2955729514","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2926353","mag":"2955729514"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2926353","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2926353","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2926353","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114500273","display_name":"Jing Lin Tong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9522-2252"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800710378","display_name":"Naval University of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/056vyez31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800710378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Tong","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan, China","ORCiD"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9522-2252","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800710378"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ORCiD","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Huang Gaoming","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800710378","display_name":"Naval University of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/056vyez31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800710378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huang Gaoming","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800710378"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101477357","display_name":"Wei Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5436-4094"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800710378","display_name":"Naval University of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/056vyez31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800710378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tian Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800710378"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086459301","display_name":"Peng Huafu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7218-0483"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800710378","display_name":"Naval University of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/056vyez31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800710378"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Huafu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan, China","ORCiD"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7218-0483","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800710378"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ORCiD","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800710378"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":7.7948,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97328268,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"106761","last_page":"106772"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cram\u00e9r\u2013rao-bound","display_name":"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao bound","score":0.7730597257614136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.7565414905548096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6262530088424683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multistatic-radar","display_name":"Multistatic radar","score":0.61842942237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.5850638747215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.5359310507774353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-propagation","display_name":"Multipath propagation","score":0.5277215838432312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.5263596773147583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5192332863807678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.5004286766052246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passive-radar","display_name":"Passive radar","score":0.4727400541305542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.46679598093032837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.42952144145965576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation-theory","display_name":"Estimation theory","score":0.3943560719490051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.32393625378608704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bistatic-radar","display_name":"Bistatic radar","score":0.3101540207862854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.30564451217651367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.25824686884880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2159203290939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.1596640944480896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4978587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138810","display_name":"Cram\u00e9r\u2013Rao bound","level":3,"score":0.7730597257614136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.7565414905548096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6262530088424683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777585438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6935105","display_name":"Multistatic radar","level":5,"score":0.61842942237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.5850638747215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.5359310507774353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.5277215838432312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.5263596773147583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5192332863807678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5004286766052246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151120012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2143008","display_name":"Passive radar","level":5,"score":0.4727400541305542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.46679598093032837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.42952144145965576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.3943560719490051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.32393625378608704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100102862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625855","display_name":"Bistatic radar","level":4,"score":0.3101540207862854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.30564451217651367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.25824686884880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2159203290939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.1596640944480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2926353","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2926353","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a82a30ad1d6741fba3e38d02196d5f5f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a82a30ad1d6741fba3e38d02196d5f5f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 106761-106772 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2926353","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2926353","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3445278604","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018T111129","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5131719462","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61803379","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6992769374","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017M613370","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1836036400","https://openalex.org/W1903432761","https://openalex.org/W2025844820","https://openalex.org/W2032691773","https://openalex.org/W2061897029","https://openalex.org/W2072156755","https://openalex.org/W2072903707","https://openalex.org/W2085986270","https://openalex.org/W2086635086","https://openalex.org/W2086962362","https://openalex.org/W2106033317","https://openalex.org/W2107896723","https://openalex.org/W2141016539","https://openalex.org/W2248065114","https://openalex.org/W2279534025","https://openalex.org/W2320657959","https://openalex.org/W2336625730","https://openalex.org/W2402031735","https://openalex.org/W2405239192","https://openalex.org/W2414844821","https://openalex.org/W2621628194","https://openalex.org/W2625668274","https://openalex.org/W2736084216","https://openalex.org/W2736916185","https://openalex.org/W2747458887","https://openalex.org/W2762215893","https://openalex.org/W2768992005","https://openalex.org/W2776153630","https://openalex.org/W2789876799","https://openalex.org/W2790307162","https://openalex.org/W2896335049","https://openalex.org/W2898188941","https://openalex.org/W2911253475","https://openalex.org/W2912983859","https://openalex.org/W6699778665"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1898733481","https://openalex.org/W2086962362","https://openalex.org/W1561177760","https://openalex.org/W2381813735","https://openalex.org/W183945987","https://openalex.org/W2534774707","https://openalex.org/W2123352135","https://openalex.org/W2901508765","https://openalex.org/W2917276592","https://openalex.org/W2626383149"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,45],"addresses":[2],"the":[3,63,66,70,75,80,97,104,107,120,132,138,154,163,187],"problem":[4],"of":[5,25,29,119,134,162,186],"Cram\u00e9r-Rao":[6],"lower":[7],"bound":[8],"(CRLB)":[9],"analysis":[10],"for":[11],"joint":[12,155],"target":[13],"location":[14],"and":[15,32,99,141,170,182],"velocity":[16],"estimation":[17],"in":[18,43,53,59,116],"a":[19,49,113,127,160],"multistatic":[20],"passive":[21],"radar":[22],"system":[23],"comprised":[24],"multiple":[26,33],"noncooperative":[27],"illuminators":[28],"opportunity":[30],"(IOs)":[31],"geographically":[34],"separated":[35],"receivers.":[36],"Unlike":[37],"other":[38],"existing":[39],"studies,":[40],"special":[41],"attention":[42],"this":[44],"is":[46,82,110,157],"paid":[47],"to":[48,151],"more":[50],"ubiquitous":[51],"scenario,":[52],"which":[54,117],"no":[55],"reference":[56],"channel":[57],"exists":[58],"receiver":[60],"networks.":[61],"Besides,":[62],"situation":[64],"where":[65],"measurements":[67],"collected":[68],"at":[69],"receivers":[71],"are":[72,124,143,149],"contaminated":[73],"by":[74,103],"interference":[76,93],"directly":[77],"illuminated":[78],"from":[79,95],"IOs":[81,98],"taken":[83],"into":[84],"account.":[85],"Namely,":[86],"each":[87],"receive":[88],"station":[89],"simultaneously":[90],"obtains":[91],"direct-path":[92],"(DPI)":[94],"all":[96],"echo":[100],"signals":[101],"reflected":[102],"target.":[105],"Furthermore,":[106],"IO":[108,122,179],"waveform":[109,123,180],"modeled":[111],"as":[112,126],"stochastic":[114],"process":[115],"samples":[118],"unknown":[121],"treated":[125],"complex":[128],"Gaussian":[129],"sequence.":[130],"Finally,":[131],"effects":[133],"multipath":[135],"clutter":[136],"on":[137],"signal":[139],"model":[140],"CRLB":[142,156],"well":[144],"analyzed.":[145],"The":[146],"numerical":[147],"results":[148],"provided":[150],"prove":[152],"that":[153],"not":[158],"only":[159],"function":[161],"signal-to-noise":[164],"ratio":[165,168,172],"(SNR),":[166],"DPI-to-noise":[167],"(DNR),":[169],"clutter-to-noise":[171],"(CNR)":[173],"but":[174],"also":[175],"associated":[176],"with":[177],"both":[178],"parameters":[181],"relative":[183],"geographical":[184],"distribution":[185],"system.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-12T21:12:35.861297","created_date":"2019-07-12T00:00:00"}
