{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2955906895","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2925093","title":"Generalized Zero Shot Learning via Synthesis Pseudo Features","display_name":"Generalized Zero Shot Learning via Synthesis Pseudo Features","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2955906895","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2925093","mag":"2955906895"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2925093","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2925093","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08746253.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08746253.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040634734","display_name":"Chuanlong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4297-3447"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuanlong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4297-3447","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083889663","display_name":"Xiufen Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9812-2679"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiufen Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013868893","display_name":"Haibo Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5715-0849"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haibo Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101198400","display_name":"Yatong Han","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yatong Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100609608","display_name":"Xiang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5214-217X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066050549","display_name":"Yunpeng Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9583-8727"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151727225","display_name":"Harbin Engineering University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x80pn82","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunpeng Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Automation, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151727225"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.8355,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89001306,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"87827","last_page":"87836"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9706000089645386,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11606","display_name":"Infrastructure Maintenance and Monitoring","score":0.9391999840736389,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8068621158599854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6717191934585571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.625558078289032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5549533367156982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.4581299424171448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.43987542390823364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.41392800211906433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3756536841392517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.08394265174865723}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8068621158599854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6717191934585571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.625558078289032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5549533367156982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4581299424171448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.43987542390823364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.41392800211906433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3756536841392517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.08394265174865723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2925093","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2925093","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08746253.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:62a67f5501df429fa9d7148f095d9cd5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/62a67f5501df429fa9d7148f095d9cd5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 87827-87836 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2925093","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2925093","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08746253.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.5199999809265137}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1464143263","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFC0306002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G366217430","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61633004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3992587728","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFC0310102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5286470768","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41876100","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W93016980","https://openalex.org/W114517082","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1960364170","https://openalex.org/W2044913453","https://openalex.org/W2070148066","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2123024445","https://openalex.org/W2128532956","https://openalex.org/W2150295085","https://openalex.org/W2152411181","https://openalex.org/W2156387975","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2289084343","https://openalex.org/W2405223529","https://openalex.org/W2520774990","https://openalex.org/W2552383788","https://openalex.org/W2560129302","https://openalex.org/W2603389765","https://openalex.org/W2609698233","https://openalex.org/W2611632661","https://openalex.org/W2744242754","https://openalex.org/W2762085884","https://openalex.org/W2808717788","https://openalex.org/W2886201417","https://openalex.org/W2889587173","https://openalex.org/W2891932073","https://openalex.org/W2900323406","https://openalex.org/W2902237356","https://openalex.org/W2903321361","https://openalex.org/W2903545558","https://openalex.org/W2917742317","https://openalex.org/W2923959858","https://openalex.org/W2941045407","https://openalex.org/W2942231644","https://openalex.org/W2942831497","https://openalex.org/W2942862636","https://openalex.org/W2963499153","https://openalex.org/W2963545832","https://openalex.org/W2963779825","https://openalex.org/W2963960318","https://openalex.org/W2964086552","https://openalex.org/W2964105864","https://openalex.org/W2964162033","https://openalex.org/W3143107425","https://openalex.org/W6603820874","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6678470764","https://openalex.org/W6682222085","https://openalex.org/W6682889407","https://openalex.org/W6754700304","https://openalex.org/W6760808745"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378211422","https://openalex.org/W4321353415","https://openalex.org/W2745001401","https://openalex.org/W2130974462","https://openalex.org/W2028665553","https://openalex.org/W2086519370","https://openalex.org/W4246352526","https://openalex.org/W2121910908","https://openalex.org/W915438175","https://openalex.org/W4230315250"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Compared":[0],"with":[1,161],"conventional":[2,83],"zero-shot":[3],"learning":[4,85],"(ZSL),":[5],"generalized":[6],"ZSL":[7],"(GZSL)":[8],"is":[9,103,158,172,243],"more":[10],"challenging":[11],"because":[12,61],"the":[13,35,104,107,112,130,138,162,176,186,196,202,208,212,238],"test":[14],"instances":[15,136],"may":[16],"come":[17],"from":[18,38,57],"seen":[19,39,180],"and":[20,47,181],"unseen":[21,41,92,116,153,182],"classes.":[22,68,93,183,213],"The":[23,100,168,223,240],"most":[24],"existing":[25],"GZSL":[26,76,80],"methods":[27,54,236],"learn":[28],"a":[29,75],"visual-semantic":[30],"mapping":[31],"function":[32],"to":[33,40,82,119,145,152],"bridge":[34],"knowledge":[36],"transfer":[37],"classes":[42,117,148],"by":[43,87,185],"using":[44],"semantic":[45,193],"information":[46],"other":[48],"labeled":[49],"training":[50,203],"data.":[51],"However,":[52],"these":[53,71],"often":[55],"suffer":[56],"severe":[58],"performance":[59],"degradation":[60],"they":[62],"ignore":[63],"similar":[64,151,177,209],"structures":[65,178,210],"between":[66,179,211],"different":[67,147],"To":[69],"solve":[70],"problems,":[72],"we":[73,174,190],"propose":[74],"method":[77,128],"that":[78,149,173,231],"transforms":[79],"problems":[81],"supervised":[84],"ones":[86],"synthesizing":[88],"pseudo":[89,113,125,139],"features":[90,114,134,143,200],"for":[91,219,237],"This":[94,155,205],"technique":[95],"has":[96],"two":[97],"key":[98,170],"aspects.":[99],"first":[101],"one":[102],"synthesis":[105,156],"strategy;":[106],"proposed":[108],"strategy":[109,157],"directly":[110],"synthesizes":[111],"of":[115,132,135,165,198],"contrary":[118],"current":[120],"synthesis-based":[121],"methods,":[122],"which":[123],"synthesize":[124],"instances.":[126],"Our":[127],"regards":[129],"combination":[131],"N":[133,142,146],"as":[137,195],"features.":[140],"These":[141],"belong":[144],"are":[150],"ones.":[154],"in":[159,201],"line":[160],"cognitive":[163],"style":[164],"human":[166],"beings.":[167],"second":[169],"aspect":[171],"preserve":[175],"Inspired":[184],"center":[187,197],"loss":[188],"method,":[189],"assign":[191],"each":[192],"vector":[194],"deep":[199],"stage.":[204],"way":[206],"preserves":[207],"Such":[214],"preservation":[215],"can":[216],"be":[217],"beneficial":[218],"improving":[220],"classification":[221],"accuracy.":[222],"experimental":[224],"results":[225],"on":[226],"four":[227],"benchmark":[228],"datasets":[229],"demonstrate":[230],"our":[232],"model":[233],"outperforms":[234],"state-of-the-art":[235],"GZSL.":[239],"source":[241],"code":[242],"available":[244],"at":[245],"https://github.com/guizilaile23/SPF-GZSL.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-05-19T21:40:30.786675","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
