{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2951532364","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2924253","title":"Field Trials for the Empirical Characterization of the Low Voltage Grid Access Impedance From 35 kHz to 500 kHz","display_name":"Field Trials for the Empirical Characterization of the Low Voltage Grid Access Impedance From 35 kHz to 500 kHz","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2951532364","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2924253","mag":"2951532364"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2924253","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2924253","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08743370.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08743370.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072224479","display_name":"Igor Fern\u00e1ndez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9312-5886"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Igor Fernandez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bilbao Engineering College, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9312-5886","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bilbao Engineering College, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042695825","display_name":"Amaia Arrinda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6058-1837"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amaia Arrinda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bilbao Engineering College, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bilbao Engineering College, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032182299","display_name":"Itziar Angulo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7855-3516"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Itziar Angulo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bilbao Engineering College, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bilbao Engineering College, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064055610","display_name":"David Vega","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4811-4173"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David De La Vega","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bilbao Engineering College, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4811-4173","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bilbao Engineering College, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024837074","display_name":"Noelia Uribe-P\u00e9rez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6154-1087"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noelia Uribe-Perez","raw_affiliation_strings":["TECNALIA Research & Innovation\u2014Digital Labs, Derio, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6154-1087","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TECNALIA Research & Innovation\u2014Digital Labs, Derio, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053632760","display_name":"Asier Llano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8780-8405"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asier Llano","raw_affiliation_strings":["ZIV Automation, Derio, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8780-8405","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ZIV Automation, Derio, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.0898,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78056541,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"85786","last_page":"85795"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11444","display_name":"Electromagnetic Compatibility and Noise Suppression","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.6883878111839294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-compatibility","display_name":"Electromagnetic compatibility","score":0.5208085775375366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.5102097988128662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4909234642982483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/output-impedance","display_name":"Output impedance","score":0.4839766025543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-band","display_name":"Frequency band","score":0.46359437704086304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4451524019241333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impedance-matching","display_name":"Impedance matching","score":0.41175520420074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.4032212197780609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4008854031562805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.32455164194107056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.28089600801467896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.10934582352638245}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.6883878111839294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125470083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747288","display_name":"Electromagnetic compatibility","level":2,"score":0.5208085775375366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.5102097988128662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4909234642982483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58112919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631203","display_name":"Output impedance","level":3,"score":0.4839766025543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778116611","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25110567","display_name":"Frequency band","level":3,"score":0.46359437704086304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4451524019241333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C612350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761108","display_name":"Impedance matching","level":3,"score":0.41175520420074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.4032212197780609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4008854031562805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.32455164194107056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.28089600801467896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.10934582352638245}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2924253","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2924253","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08743370.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/63931","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10810/63931","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401964","display_name":"Communities in ADDI (University of the Basque Country)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","host_organization_name":"University of the Basque Country","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f9e503ab33e94ca7876e09368fc11cf0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f9e503ab33e94ca7876e09368fc11cf0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 85786-85795 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dsp.tecnalia.com:11556/758","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11556/758","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402037","display_name":"TECNALIA Publications (Fundaci\u00f3n TECNALIA Research & Innovation)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210113430","host_organization_name":"Tecnalia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113430"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2924253","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2924253","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08743370.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3027635548","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018-099162-B-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3490136227","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IT1234-19","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321705","funder_display_name":"Eusko Jaurlaritza"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3513759045","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018-099162-B-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5318223822","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"KK-2018/00037","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321705","funder_display_name":"Eusko Jaurlaritza"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8181105605","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8690814592","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018-099162-B-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","funder_display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315062","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321705","display_name":"Eusko Jaurlaritza","ror":"https://ror.org/00pz2fp31"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335598","display_name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2951532364.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2951532364.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1002298143","https://openalex.org/W1490494228","https://openalex.org/W2030712653","https://openalex.org/W2052841087","https://openalex.org/W2069989799","https://openalex.org/W2144407779","https://openalex.org/W2210259489","https://openalex.org/W2397516346","https://openalex.org/W2407738571","https://openalex.org/W2442864107","https://openalex.org/W2559390850","https://openalex.org/W2795209467","https://openalex.org/W2890104982","https://openalex.org/W2897195505","https://openalex.org/W6663520179"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2126751867","https://openalex.org/W4237282970","https://openalex.org/W4210809443","https://openalex.org/W3015406624","https://openalex.org/W2052286102","https://openalex.org/W3091913842","https://openalex.org/W2380585702","https://openalex.org/W2789449888","https://openalex.org/W4312456876","https://openalex.org/W3025597974"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,66,128],"access":[1,46,67,109,140,168],"impedance":[2,47,68,110,169],"of":[3,16,41,72,81,96,103,106,137,147,155,166,180,188,194,200,207,210],"low-voltage":[4],"(LV)":[5],"power":[6,19],"networks":[7],"is":[8,37,59],"a":[9,25,39,162,204],"major":[10],"factor":[11],"related":[12],"to":[13,28,34,55,112,122,133],"the":[14,17,44,60,63,70,73,79,82,101,107,135,138,159,167,175,178,192,198,208],"performance":[15],"narrow-band":[18],"line":[20],"communications":[21],"(NB-PLCs)":[22],"and,":[23],"in":[24,115,170],"wider":[26],"sense,":[27],"electromagnetic":[29],"compatibility":[30],"(EMC)":[31],"performance.":[32],"Up":[33],"date,":[35],"there":[36],"still":[38],"lack":[40],"knowledge":[42],"about":[43],"frequency-dependent":[45,164],"for":[48,149],"frequencies":[49],"above":[50],"9":[51],"kHz":[52,114],"and":[53,76,125,153,186,191,213],"up":[54,111],"500":[56,113],"kHz,":[57],"which":[58],"band":[61],"where":[62],"NB-PLC":[64,74,211],"operates.":[65],"affects":[69],"transmission":[71,209],"signal,":[75],"it":[77],"determines":[78],"propagation":[80],"non-intentional":[83],"emissions":[84],"that":[85],"may":[86],"disturb":[87],"other":[88],"electrical":[89],"devices,":[90],"including":[91,142],"malfunctioning":[92],"or":[93],"reduced":[94],"lifetime":[95],"equipment.":[97],"This":[98],"paper":[99,202],"presents":[100],"results":[102,129,160,199],"field":[104],"measurements":[105],"LV":[108,139],"different":[116,150,171],"scenarios,":[117,172],"with":[118,144],"measurement":[119],"locations":[120],"close":[121],"end":[123,181],"users":[124,182],"near":[126],"transformers.":[127],"provide":[130],"useful":[131],"information":[132],"analyze":[134],"characteristics":[136],"impedance,":[141],"variation":[143],"frequency,":[145],"ranges":[146],"values":[148],"frequency":[151],"bands,":[152],"analysis":[154],"specific":[156],"phenomena.":[157,215],"Moreover,":[158],"reveal":[161],"diverse":[163],"behavior":[165],"depending":[173],"on":[174],"grid":[176],"topology,":[177],"number":[179,185],"(that":[183],"is,":[184],"type":[187,193],"connected":[189],"loads),":[190],"transformation":[195],"center.":[196],"Overall,":[197],"this":[201],"offer":[203],"better":[205],"understanding":[206],"signals":[212],"EMC-related":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-18T10:00:31.954636","created_date":"2019-06-27T00:00:00"}