{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2950998103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2923956","title":"Understanding and Statically Detecting Synchronization Performance Bugs in Distributed Cloud Systems","display_name":"Understanding and Statically Detecting Synchronization Performance Bugs in Distributed Cloud Systems","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2950998103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2923956","mag":"2950998103"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2923956","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2923956","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08740928.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08740928.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5118941378","display_name":"Chen Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4349-0540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4349-0540","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100343427","display_name":"Jiaxin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8963-2535"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaxin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100440903","display_name":"Dongsheng Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9743-2034"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongsheng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102809441","display_name":"Xicheng Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9249-4256"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xicheng Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Parallel and Distributed Processing Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.3119,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65774528,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"99123","last_page":"99135"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8776506185531616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identifier","display_name":"Identifier","score":0.7238456010818481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.6952048540115356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.6260312795639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-section","display_name":"Critical section","score":0.5930319428443909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.581434428691864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5416688323020935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.2809753715991974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2572115361690521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.13830098509788513}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8776506185531616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154504017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853614","display_name":"Identifier","level":2,"score":0.7238456010818481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.6952048540115356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.6260312795639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124343487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1046373","display_name":"Critical section","level":2,"score":0.5930319428443909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.581434428691864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5416688323020935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2809753715991974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2572115361690521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.13830098509788513}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2923956","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2923956","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08740928.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ffbe348ed03243a0b8d0354d06ec490d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ffbe348ed03243a0b8d0354d06ec490d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 99123-99135 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2923956","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2923956","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08740928.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6399999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4488484741","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB0204300","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4765491843","display_name":"\u9762\u5411\u52a8\u6001\u5b9e\u65f6\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7cfb\u7edf\u534f\u540c\u8c03\u5ea6\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61872376","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2950998103.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2950998103.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":82,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1243432849","https://openalex.org/W1518014189","https://openalex.org/W1527417319","https://openalex.org/W1576549127","https://openalex.org/W1591717411","https://openalex.org/W1847696060","https://openalex.org/W1928966627","https://openalex.org/W1972433423","https://openalex.org/W1972544179","https://openalex.org/W1993635974","https://openalex.org/W2005986723","https://openalex.org/W2006307164","https://openalex.org/W2008949474","https://openalex.org/W2009258497","https://openalex.org/W2036804147","https://openalex.org/W2039157918","https://openalex.org/W2039676055","https://openalex.org/W2058511658","https://openalex.org/W2060015309","https://openalex.org/W2061504544","https://openalex.org/W2065325279","https://openalex.org/W2068880428","https://openalex.org/W2082766667","https://openalex.org/W2085040115","https://openalex.org/W2087515886","https://openalex.org/W2088270410","https://openalex.org/W2091776255","https://openalex.org/W2095839586","https://openalex.org/W2096155624","https://openalex.org/W2101161997","https://openalex.org/W2105314882","https://openalex.org/W2114054012","https://openalex.org/W2121977387","https://openalex.org/W2125341657","https://openalex.org/W2134890934","https://openalex.org/W2145458045","https://openalex.org/W2147891468","https://openalex.org/W2149576136","https://openalex.org/W2149713648","https://openalex.org/W2153229512","https://openalex.org/W2153723363","https://openalex.org/W2153843289","https://openalex.org/W2157662360","https://openalex.org/W2158437127","https://openalex.org/W2160489152","https://openalex.org/W2161033402","https://openalex.org/W2162630235","https://openalex.org/W2162969183","https://openalex.org/W2163661306","https://openalex.org/W2165202235","https://openalex.org/W2165734765","https://openalex.org/W2167814583","https://openalex.org/W2168206938","https://openalex.org/W2170927924","https://openalex.org/W2469413729","https://openalex.org/W2522585932","https://openalex.org/W2567103853","https://openalex.org/W2604985896","https://openalex.org/W2605883949","https://openalex.org/W2618917786","https://openalex.org/W2794933251","https://openalex.org/W2799144475","https://openalex.org/W2902547091","https://openalex.org/W3100271100","https://openalex.org/W3151686641","https://openalex.org/W3152352337","https://openalex.org/W4238860748","https://openalex.org/W4241134169","https://openalex.org/W4243683024","https://openalex.org/W4244284331","https://openalex.org/W4249598672","https://openalex.org/W4254901924","https://openalex.org/W6627955765","https://openalex.org/W6630981428","https://openalex.org/W6631471069","https://openalex.org/W6634732524","https://openalex.org/W6635618344","https://openalex.org/W6639032805","https://openalex.org/W6640455568","https://openalex.org/W6651775265","https://openalex.org/W6676002424","https://openalex.org/W6727547932"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4378651134","https://openalex.org/W4244478748","https://openalex.org/W4252684102","https://openalex.org/W2608983118","https://openalex.org/W2352307597","https://openalex.org/W1979633005","https://openalex.org/W2163724607","https://openalex.org/W3135403405","https://openalex.org/W2023227762","https://openalex.org/W2162095359"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,183],"such":[1,20],"an":[2,11],"information":[3],"society,":[4],"the":[5,46,72,82,87,90,98,184,193,206,210],"Internet":[6],"of":[7,24,89,95],"Things":[8],"(IoT)":[9],"plays":[10],"increasingly":[12,47],"important":[13],"role":[14],"in":[15,115,137],"our":[16,172,186,214],"daily":[17],"lives.":[18],"With":[19,45,209],"a":[21,149],"huge":[22,59],"number":[23],"deployed":[25],"IoT":[26],"devices,":[27],"Cyber-Physical":[28],"System":[29],"(CPS)":[30],"calls":[31],"for":[32],"powerful":[33],"distributed":[34,49,84,118,178],"infrastructures":[35],"to":[36,56,77,106,139,219],"supply":[37],"big":[38],"data":[39],"computing,":[40],"intelligence,":[41],"and":[42,74,108,123,125,134,165],"storage":[43],"services.":[44],"complex":[48],"software":[50],"infrastructures,":[51],"new":[52,201],"intricate":[53],"bugs":[54,144],"continue":[55],"manifest,":[57],"causing":[58],"economic":[60],"loss.":[61],"Synchronization":[62],"performance":[63,73,96,100,113,143,203,212],"problems,":[64,97],"which":[65],"means":[66],"that":[67],"improper":[68],"synchronizations":[69],"may":[70],"degrade":[71],"even":[75],"lead":[76],"service":[78],"exception,":[79],"heavily":[80],"influence":[81],"entire":[83],"cluster,":[85],"imperiling":[86],"reliability":[88],"system.":[91],"As":[92],"one":[93],"kind":[94],"synchronization":[99,142],"problems":[101,204],"are":[102],"acknowledged":[103],"as":[104],"difficult":[105],"diagnosis":[107],"fix.":[109],"We":[110],"collect":[111],"26":[112],"issues":[114],"three":[116,177],"real-world":[117],"systems:":[119],"HDFS,":[120],"Hadoop":[121],"MapReduce,":[122],"HBase,":[124],"do":[126],"analysis":[127],"on":[128,175],"their":[129],"root":[130],"cause,":[131],"fix":[132],"strategy,":[133],"algorithm":[135],"complexity":[136],"order":[138],"understand":[140],"these":[141,176],"better.":[145],"Then,":[146],"we":[147,170],"implement":[148],"static":[150],"detection":[151,173,187,215],"tool":[152,174,188,216],"including":[153],"critical":[154],"section":[155],"identifier,":[156,158,161,164],"loop":[157,160,163],"inner":[159],"expensive":[162],"pruning":[166],"component.":[167],"After":[168],"that,":[169],"evaluate":[171],"systems":[179],"with":[180],"sampled":[181],"bugs.":[182,195],"evaluation,":[185],"accurately":[189],"finds":[190],"out":[191,199],"all":[192],"target":[194],"Besides,":[196],"it":[197],"points":[198],"more":[200],"potential":[202],"than":[205],"previous":[207],"works.":[208],"strict":[211],"overhead,":[213],"is":[217],"proved":[218],"be":[220],"greatly":[221],"efficient.":[222]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}