{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2950814283","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2923122","title":"Spectrum-Based Hand Gesture Recognition Using Millimeter-Wave Radar Parameter Measurements","display_name":"Spectrum-Based Hand Gesture Recognition Using Millimeter-Wave Radar Parameter Measurements","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2950814283","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2923122","mag":"2950814283"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2923122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2923122","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08736874.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08736874.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100713622","display_name":"Changjiang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1645-5603"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changjiang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1645-5603","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100631358","display_name":"Yuanhao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8821-2179"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanhao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020223046","display_name":"Dongyang Ao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4735-1487"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongyang Ao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101098294","display_name":"Haiyan Tian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haiyan Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.4294,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88542116,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"79147","last_page":"79158"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.963100016117096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9035999774932861,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gesture","display_name":"Gesture","score":0.8456765413284302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7435675263404846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gesture-recognition","display_name":"Gesture recognition","score":0.6719672679901123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5871025323867798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.5479446053504944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.5327617526054382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5117688179016113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4397619366645813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.42711201310157776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.4165407419204712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.35175347328186035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10696280002593994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.09461355209350586}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207347870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371174","display_name":"Gesture","level":2,"score":0.8456765413284302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7435675263404846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159437735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1519524","display_name":"Gesture recognition","level":3,"score":0.6719672679901123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5871025323867798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5479446053504944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.5327617526054382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5117688179016113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4397619366645813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.42711201310157776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.4165407419204712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.35175347328186035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10696280002593994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.09461355209350586}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2923122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2923122","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08736874.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:tud:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:d6978124-81a7-46b3-9ed6-cf78ea29a0ea","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d6978124-81a7-46b3-9ed6-cf78ea29a0ea","pdf_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d6978124-81a7-46b3-9ed6-cf78ea29a0ea","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, 7","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6d6401cda6b04b3381c268a6c9b6a8be","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6d6401cda6b04b3381c268a6c9b6a8be","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 79147-79158 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2923122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2923122","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08736874.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8142528893","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016YFB0101001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326666","display_name":"Beijing Information Science and Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xnqep60"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2950814283.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2950814283.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1526847395","https://openalex.org/W1582660696","https://openalex.org/W1971044651","https://openalex.org/W1997811681","https://openalex.org/W2001053555","https://openalex.org/W2006628189","https://openalex.org/W2091405583","https://openalex.org/W2133806780","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2161887146","https://openalex.org/W2166182460","https://openalex.org/W2168392347","https://openalex.org/W2313154375","https://openalex.org/W2347062219","https://openalex.org/W2510233816","https://openalex.org/W2510879459","https://openalex.org/W2531174837","https://openalex.org/W2535933534","https://openalex.org/W2540567929","https://openalex.org/W2592680288","https://openalex.org/W2606735756","https://openalex.org/W2608217239","https://openalex.org/W2608873842","https://openalex.org/W2625039678","https://openalex.org/W2744404440","https://openalex.org/W2763062267","https://openalex.org/W2763207784","https://openalex.org/W2776159959","https://openalex.org/W2783919917","https://openalex.org/W2789648429","https://openalex.org/W2794401018","https://openalex.org/W2796146971","https://openalex.org/W2804408843","https://openalex.org/W2808695786","https://openalex.org/W2883778377","https://openalex.org/W2886720890","https://openalex.org/W2891778553","https://openalex.org/W2900599858","https://openalex.org/W2908889571","https://openalex.org/W2908899527","https://openalex.org/W2911053187","https://openalex.org/W2912659693","https://openalex.org/W2913020685","https://openalex.org/W2921996591","https://openalex.org/W2922148914","https://openalex.org/W2939103125","https://openalex.org/W2963591222","https://openalex.org/W6631466691","https://openalex.org/W6698659782","https://openalex.org/W6725236181","https://openalex.org/W6729087111","https://openalex.org/W6745853440","https://openalex.org/W6747144195"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2537963312","https://openalex.org/W2066003895","https://openalex.org/W2902873204","https://openalex.org/W2185750513","https://openalex.org/W2010878661","https://openalex.org/W3147379364","https://openalex.org/W2026258298","https://openalex.org/W3204639664","https://openalex.org/W2970836791","https://openalex.org/W2989699735"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Radar":[0],"sensors":[1,7],"offer":[2],"several":[3],"advantages":[4],"over":[5],"optical":[6],"in":[8,132,165],"the":[9,23,30,37,48,72,78,83,89,106,110,119,134,148,151,166,170,173],"gesture":[10,27,60,140],"recognition":[11,28,136],"for":[12,59,157],"remote":[13],"control":[14],"of":[15,25,32,39,50,64,74,82,121,138,155,172],"electronic":[16],"devices.":[17],"In":[18,86],"this":[19],"paper,":[20],"we":[21,45,92,146],"investigate":[22],"feasibility":[24],"human":[26],"using":[29],"spectra":[31],"radar":[33,40,164],"measurement":[34],"parameters.":[35],"With":[36],"combination":[38],"theory":[41],"and":[42,76,80,101,131,150,168],"classification":[43,127,158],"methods,":[44],"found":[46],"that":[47],"frequencies":[49],"different":[51,129],"gestures'":[52],"parameters":[53],"could":[54],"be":[55],"utilized":[56],"as":[57],"features":[58,96],"recognition.":[61],"Six":[62],"kinds":[63],"periodic":[65],"dynamic":[66,84],"gestures":[67],"are":[68],"designed":[69,117],"to":[70,88,98,104],"avoid":[71],"complexity":[73],"defining":[75],"extracting":[77],"start":[79],"end":[81],"gesture.":[85],"addition":[87],"frequency":[90],"ratio,":[91],"also":[93],"extracted":[94],"some":[95],"related":[97],"motion":[99],"range":[100],"detection":[102],"coherence":[103],"eliminate":[105],"interferences":[107],"brought":[108],"by":[109,159],"unintended":[111],"gestures.":[112],"The":[113],"decision":[114],"tree":[115],"classifier":[116],"on":[118],"basis":[120],"experimental":[122],"phenomena":[123],"can":[124],"guarantee":[125],"effective":[126],"between":[128],"gestures,":[130],"general,":[133],"correct":[135],"rate":[137],"each":[139],"is":[141],"higher":[142],"than":[143],"90%.":[144],"Finally,":[145],"collected":[147],"position":[149],"Doppler":[152],"velocity":[153],"information":[154],"hand":[156],"a":[160],"W-band":[161],"millimeter":[162],"wave":[163],"experiment":[167],"verified":[169],"usability":[171],"proposed":[174],"method.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-16T09:24:06.705377","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}