{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2948019374","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2920243","title":"Unsteady Free Convection Flow of Casson Nanofluid Over a Nonlinear Stretching Sheet","display_name":"Unsteady Free Convection Flow of Casson Nanofluid Over a Nonlinear Stretching Sheet","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2948019374","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2920243","mag":"2948019374"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2920243","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2920243","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08727470.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08727470.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062890468","display_name":"Imran Ullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0233-2194"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110357561","display_name":"University of the Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/048gmay44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110357561"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Imran Ullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, PK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0233-2194","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, PK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110357561","https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057525661","display_name":"Kottakkaran Sooppy Nisar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5769-4320"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142608572","display_name":"Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/04jt46d36","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142608572"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kottakkaran Sooppy Nisar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, College of Arts and Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Wadi Al-Dawaser, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, College of Arts and Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Wadi Al-Dawaser, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142608572"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051905793","display_name":"Sharidan Shafie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7795-2278"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4576418","display_name":"University of Technology Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/026w31v75","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4576418"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sharidan Shafie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, MY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, MY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4576418"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011875207","display_name":"Ilyas Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2056-9371"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195631090","display_name":"Majmaah University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mcrnj60","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195631090"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ilyas Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Majmaah University, Al Majma'ah, SA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Majmaah University, Al Majma'ah, SA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195631090"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002570000","display_name":"Muhammad Qasim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-9809"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Qasim","raw_affiliation_strings":["COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Islamabad, PK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Islamabad, PK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102016454","display_name":"Arshad Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8159-1508"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I246743127","display_name":"The University of Agriculture, Peshawar","ror":"https://ror.org/02sp3q482","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I246743127"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127363","display_name":"Institute of Management Sciences Peshawar","ror":"https://ror.org/02m8e1r74","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127363"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arshad Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Business and Management Sciences, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Business and Management Sciences, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I246743127","https://openalex.org/I4210127363"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.3174,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77804076,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"93076","last_page":"93087"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10104","display_name":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10104","display_name":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11945","display_name":"Heat Transfer Mechanisms","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10360","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanofluid","display_name":"Nanofluid","score":0.93791663646698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermophoresis","display_name":"Thermophoresis","score":0.8360105752944946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biot-number","display_name":"Biot number","score":0.8220336437225342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.6788015961647034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensionless-quantity","display_name":"Dimensionless quantity","score":0.6559860110282898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5910751819610596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/buoyancy","display_name":"Buoyancy","score":0.5093482732772827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convection","display_name":"Convection","score":0.5051642060279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.48746752738952637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.45860040187835693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nusselt-number","display_name":"Nusselt number","score":0.4503003656864166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brownian-motion","display_name":"Brownian motion","score":0.426358699798584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","score":0.41842907667160034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.4090149402618408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classical-mechanics","display_name":"Classical mechanics","score":0.32653647661209106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.27764374017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-transfer","display_name":"Heat transfer","score":0.2276349663734436}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21946209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1989679","display_name":"Nanofluid","level":3,"score":0.93791663646698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15401063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q610090","display_name":"Thermophoresis","level":4,"score":0.8360105752944946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115341296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864844","display_name":"Biot number","level":2,"score":0.8220336437225342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.6788015961647034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24872484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126818","display_name":"Dimensionless quantity","level":2,"score":0.6559860110282898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5910751819610596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C538625479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6497624","display_name":"Buoyancy","level":2,"score":0.5093482732772827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10899652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160329","display_name":"Convection","level":2,"score":0.5051642060279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.48746752738952637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.45860040187835693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130230704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898280","display_name":"Nusselt number","level":4,"score":0.4503003656864166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112401455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178036","display_name":"Brownian motion","level":2,"score":0.426358699798584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41842907667160034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.4090149402618408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.32653647661209106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.27764374017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50517652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179635","display_name":"Heat transfer","level":2,"score":0.2276349663734436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182748727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178932","display_name":"Reynolds number","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196558001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190132","display_name":"Turbulence","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2920243","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2920243","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08727470.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:113cd5231c984934a9981e5e4355a6bc","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/113cd5231c984934a9981e5e4355a6bc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 93076-93087 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2920243","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2920243","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08727470.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2948019374.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2948019374.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W294120861","https://openalex.org/W304932665","https://openalex.org/W788136480","https://openalex.org/W1642562081","https://openalex.org/W1970788584","https://openalex.org/W1977991656","https://openalex.org/W1979243141","https://openalex.org/W1984132675","https://openalex.org/W1999110193","https://openalex.org/W2023249776","https://openalex.org/W2035685097","https://openalex.org/W2037151633","https://openalex.org/W2045936996","https://openalex.org/W2047809201","https://openalex.org/W2060887547","https://openalex.org/W2061043332","https://openalex.org/W2069544081","https://openalex.org/W2075245913","https://openalex.org/W2075696448","https://openalex.org/W2081998912","https://openalex.org/W2086566983","https://openalex.org/W2089155715","https://openalex.org/W2103587182","https://openalex.org/W2112901718","https://openalex.org/W2168650234","https://openalex.org/W2253916686","https://openalex.org/W2325514307","https://openalex.org/W2411014846","https://openalex.org/W2517437210","https://openalex.org/W2594892129","https://openalex.org/W2979562792","https://openalex.org/W4213013177","https://openalex.org/W6768493575"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2520993426","https://openalex.org/W4320038702","https://openalex.org/W2754636322","https://openalex.org/W3150003624","https://openalex.org/W2063777876","https://openalex.org/W2809186558","https://openalex.org/W2076944589","https://openalex.org/W1938556690","https://openalex.org/W2886903305","https://openalex.org/W4319068917"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"work,":[2],"the":[3,20,26,32,63,71,85,104,110,143],"buoyancy-driven":[4],"unsteady":[5,161],"flow":[6,21],"of":[7,14,28,55,65,87,106,112,126,145],"Casson":[8,113],"nanofluid":[9],"is":[10,58,74,90,99,121,133,154,168],"analyzed.":[11],"The":[12,44,53,96,124],"effects":[13],"Brownian":[15,79],"motion":[16,80],"and":[17,38,81,118,131,151,160],"thermophoresis":[18],"on":[19,36,93,116,129,148],"fields":[22],"are":[23,41,47],"studied":[24],"in":[25,165,173],"presence":[27],"magnetic":[29,107,127],"field.":[30],"Moreover,":[31],"convective":[33],"boundary":[34],"conditions":[35],"temperature":[37,73,132,150],"concentration":[39,120,153],"walls":[40],"also":[42,169],"considered.":[43],"similarity":[45],"solutions":[46],"obtained":[48],"numerically":[49],"through":[50],"Keller-box":[51],"scheme.":[52],"accuracy":[54],"numerical":[56],"results":[57,64],"verified":[59],"via":[60],"comparison":[61],"with":[62,78,103,171],"accessible":[66],"literature.":[67],"Investigations":[68],"perceived":[69],"that":[70],"dimensionless":[72,149],"not":[75],"much":[76],"affected":[77],"thermophoretic":[82],"parameters,":[83],"whereas":[84],"impact":[86,144],"both":[88,158],"parameters":[89],"noted":[91],"stronger":[92],"nanoparticles":[94,152],"concentration.":[95,141],"velocity":[97,117,130,166],"field":[98,167],"observed":[100,170],"more":[101,135],"pronounced":[102,136],"strength":[105],"parameter.":[108,175],"Also,":[109],"influence":[111,125],"fluid":[114],"parameter":[115,128],"nanoparticle":[119,140],"noticed":[122],"opposite.":[123],"seen":[134],"as":[137],"compared":[138],"to":[139],"Further,":[142],"Biot":[146],"number":[147],"found":[155],"identical":[156],"for":[157],"steady":[159],"flows.":[162],"A":[163],"reduction":[164],"increment":[172],"slip":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
