{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2947229996","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2919963","title":"Skill Vehicle Routing Problem With Time Windows Considering Dynamic Service Times and Time-Skill-Dependent Costs","display_name":"Skill Vehicle Routing Problem With Time Windows Considering Dynamic Service Times and Time-Skill-Dependent Costs","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2947229996","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2919963","mag":"2947229996"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2919963","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2919963","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08726390.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08726390.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061393673","display_name":"Xiaoyuan Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2141-2445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyuan Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Reliability and System Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Reliability and System Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102311986","display_name":"Boping Xiao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boping Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Reliability and System Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Reliability and System Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048981351","display_name":"Yiyong Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5879-8906"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiyong Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Reliability and System Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Reliability and System Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062789052","display_name":"Zhonghao Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8414-4903"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhonghao Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Reliability and System Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Reliability and System Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017116858","display_name":"Lin Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7331-6132"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Reliability and System Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Reliability and System Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072865706","display_name":"Naichao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4052-7870"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naichao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Reliability and System Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Reliability and System Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061393673"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.0877,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8189031,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"77208","last_page":"77221"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12782","display_name":"Assembly Line Balancing Optimization","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10551","display_name":"Scheduling and Optimization Algorithms","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.7084899544715881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7051485776901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.5707921385765076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-routing-problem","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","score":0.5345256924629211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5303331613540649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-programming","display_name":"Dynamic programming","score":0.4859096109867096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.4766836166381836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.47393447160720825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integer-programming","display_name":"Integer programming","score":0.4620686173439026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.4562474489212036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-problem","display_name":"Dynamic problem","score":0.4364972412586212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service-provider","display_name":"Service provider","score":0.4339172840118408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.4255774915218353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.13418149948120117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12324634194374084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.0893431305885315}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.7084899544715881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7051485776901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.5707921385765076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123784306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944041","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","level":3,"score":0.5345256924629211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5303331613540649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37404715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380679","display_name":"Dynamic programming","level":2,"score":0.4859096109867096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.4766836166381836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.47393447160720825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56086750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6042592","display_name":"Integer programming","level":2,"score":0.4620686173439026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.4562474489212036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99580578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5319002","display_name":"Dynamic problem","level":2,"score":0.4364972412586212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2169973","display_name":"Service provider","level":3,"score":0.4339172840118408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.4255774915218353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.13418149948120117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12324634194374084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0893431305885315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2919963","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2919963","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08726390.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:abbe420a5e48439cb437f999f4c62314","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/abbe420a5e48439cb437f999f4c62314","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 77208-77221 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2919963","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2919963","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08726390.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321125","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2947229996.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2947229996.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W116564776","https://openalex.org/W179800608","https://openalex.org/W929160794","https://openalex.org/W993994674","https://openalex.org/W1176201640","https://openalex.org/W1497691682","https://openalex.org/W1924383913","https://openalex.org/W1986898315","https://openalex.org/W1989456306","https://openalex.org/W1990520230","https://openalex.org/W1996315642","https://openalex.org/W2000758356","https://openalex.org/W2006671471","https://openalex.org/W2010334716","https://openalex.org/W2029468420","https://openalex.org/W2041182086","https://openalex.org/W2041603378","https://openalex.org/W2045445456","https://openalex.org/W2049055230","https://openalex.org/W2058419034","https://openalex.org/W2058995871","https://openalex.org/W2077736738","https://openalex.org/W2084418824","https://openalex.org/W2085327584","https://openalex.org/W2094070748","https://openalex.org/W2108980775","https://openalex.org/W2114458751","https://openalex.org/W2156449943","https://openalex.org/W2157943411","https://openalex.org/W2186588752","https://openalex.org/W2207219133","https://openalex.org/W2469618663","https://openalex.org/W2474598038","https://openalex.org/W2486648655","https://openalex.org/W2735718343","https://openalex.org/W2741867212","https://openalex.org/W2793453677","https://openalex.org/W6741885602"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2018691209","https://openalex.org/W2073416683","https://openalex.org/W3151835714","https://openalex.org/W2057413840","https://openalex.org/W1534878884","https://openalex.org/W4287198802","https://openalex.org/W135623081","https://openalex.org/W2089243871","https://openalex.org/W3158366722","https://openalex.org/W1998465196"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Service":[0],"processes":[1],"in":[2,74,78,133,159,291],"modern":[3],"logistic":[4],"systems":[5],"tend":[6],"to":[7,46,70,179,184,203,237,257,284],"be":[8,98,107],"highly":[9,112],"specialized":[10],"and":[11,16,33,156,173,187,196,261,267,289],"intellectualized.":[12],"However,":[13],"some":[14],"casual":[15],"unexpected":[17],"behavior":[18],"may":[19],"occur,":[20],"causing":[21],"specific":[22],"dynamic":[23,153,223,234],"interactions":[24],"among":[25],"their":[26,170],"many":[27],"constituents.":[28],"As":[29],"such,":[30],"the":[31,79,88,120,134,147,161,164,174,180,205,252,259,264,277],"optimization":[32,135,232],"modeling":[34],"of":[35,67,81,136,163,254,263],"complex":[36,292],"problems":[37,241,253],"have":[38],"become":[39],"increasingly":[40],"tough.":[41],"Besides,":[42],"technicians":[43,114],"typically":[44],"need":[45],"possess":[47],"appropriate":[48],"skills":[49],"that":[50,228,280],"match":[51],"assigned":[52],"tasks.":[53],"Faced":[54],"with":[55,123,233,242],"real":[56],"service":[57,89,137,154,287],"scenarios,":[58],"however,":[59],"employees":[60],"inevitably":[61],"suffer":[62],"from":[63,276],"an":[64,221],"increasing":[65],"level":[66],"fatigue":[68,171],"attributed":[69],"continuous":[71,188],"work,":[72],"resulting":[73],"a":[75,92,101,194],"gradual":[76],"decrease":[77],"efficiency":[80,262],"workers":[82,165],"over":[83],"time.":[84,190],"In":[85,141],"this":[86,142],"situation,":[87],"time":[90],"for":[91,215],"given":[93],"task":[94,138],"can":[95,281],"no":[96],"longer":[97],"treated":[99,108],"as":[100,109],"constant,":[102],"but":[103],"instead,":[104],"it":[105],"should":[106],"dynamic.":[110],"Moreover,":[111],"skilled":[113],"are":[115,166,182],"usually":[116],"paid":[117,178],"higher":[118],"than":[119],"junior":[121],"ones":[122],"basic":[124],"or":[125],"lower":[126],"skill":[127,148,185],"level,":[128],"which":[129,160,208],"introduces":[130],"new":[131],"challenges":[132],"schedules'":[139],"problem.":[140],"paper,":[143],"we":[144,192],"first":[145],"present":[146],"vehicle":[149],"routing":[150],"problem":[151],"considering":[152],"times":[155],"time-skill-dependent":[157],"costs,":[158,175],"efficiencies":[162],"dynamically":[167],"affected":[168],"by":[169,212],"levels,":[172],"i.e.,":[176],"salaries":[177],"employees,":[181],"related":[183],"levels":[186],"work":[189],"Furthermore,":[191],"develop":[193],"comprehensive":[195,246],"general":[197],"mixed-integer":[198],"linear":[199],"programming":[200],"dynamic-based":[201],"model":[202,266],"formulate":[204],"proposed":[206,265],"problem,":[207],"is":[209],"directly":[210],"solvable":[211],"MIP":[213],"solvers":[214],"small-sized":[216],"problems.":[217],"We":[218],"also":[219],"initiate":[220],"iteratively":[222],"neighborhood":[224,235],"search":[225,236],"(IDNS)":[226],"algorithm":[227],"combines":[229],"iterative":[230],"partial":[231],"efficiently":[238],"solve":[239],"large-sized":[240],"near-optimal":[243],"solutions.":[244],"The":[245],"computational":[247,278],"experiments":[248],"were":[249,274],"performed":[250],"on":[251],"different":[255],"sizes":[256],"test":[258],"effectiveness":[260],"solution":[268],"approach.":[269],"Some":[270],"useful":[271],"managerial":[272],"insights":[273],"obtained":[275],"results":[279],"help":[282],"decision-makers":[283],"determine":[285],"cost-effective":[286],"routes":[288],"schedules":[290],"transportation-related":[293],"issues.":[294]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
