{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2944720247","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2916147","title":"Recognition of Shooter\u2019s Emotions Under Stress Based on Affective Computing","display_name":"Recognition of Shooter\u2019s Emotions Under Stress Based on Affective Computing","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2944720247","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2916147","mag":"2944720247"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2916147","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2916147","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08712452.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08712452.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085135747","display_name":"Yuanguo Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158810","display_name":"Shenyang Sport University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kz0b404","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158810"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuanguo Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Physical Education Department, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physical Education Department, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158810"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080446926","display_name":"Chi Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3293-5703"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158810","display_name":"Shenyang Sport University","ror":"https://ror.org/05kz0b404","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158810"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chi Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Physical Education Department, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3293-5703","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Physical Education Department, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158810"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085135747"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158810"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.0325,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86755247,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"62338","last_page":"62343"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9767000079154968,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sadness","display_name":"Sadness","score":0.8483338952064514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/happiness","display_name":"Happiness","score":0.6691131591796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.5936334133148193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/athletes","display_name":"Athletes","score":0.5040663480758667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.49959802627563477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disgust","display_name":"Disgust","score":0.4946601092815399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.47924116253852844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stress","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","score":0.46413227915763855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.45938876271247864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotion-classification","display_name":"Emotion classification","score":0.439770370721817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.42345619201660156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3693937361240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.3397172689437866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.27327200770378113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anger","display_name":"Anger","score":0.2628714442253113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.21623480319976807}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779812673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169251","display_name":"Sadness","level":3,"score":0.8483338952064514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778999518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8","display_name":"Happiness","level":2,"score":0.6691131591796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.5936334133148193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781054738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4813730","display_name":"Athletes","level":2,"score":0.5040663480758667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.49959802627563477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777375102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208351","display_name":"Disgust","level":3,"score":0.4946601092815399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.47924116253852844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21036866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181767","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.46413227915763855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.45938876271247864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206310091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750859","display_name":"Emotion classification","level":2,"score":0.439770370721817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.42345619201660156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3693937361240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.3397172689437866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.27327200770378113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779302386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79871","display_name":"Anger","level":2,"score":0.2628714442253113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.21623480319976807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2916147","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2916147","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08712452.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0dd2053ae8fa4402874501270d5d40d0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0dd2053ae8fa4402874501270d5d40d0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 62338-62343 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2916147","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2916147","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08712452.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327557","display_name":"National Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04m0ms912"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2944720247.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2944720247.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969350112","https://openalex.org/W2025823698","https://openalex.org/W2032254851","https://openalex.org/W2078671978","https://openalex.org/W2085861831","https://openalex.org/W2120945046","https://openalex.org/W2128271954","https://openalex.org/W2153536770","https://openalex.org/W2171801645","https://openalex.org/W2268421884","https://openalex.org/W2807777844","https://openalex.org/W2895603955","https://openalex.org/W2910808565","https://openalex.org/W2974550657","https://openalex.org/W3107178289","https://openalex.org/W4230277160","https://openalex.org/W6768225298","https://openalex.org/W6990932419"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4238520549","https://openalex.org/W3216173459","https://openalex.org/W2794357331","https://openalex.org/W4242611441","https://openalex.org/W4242034606","https://openalex.org/W4250499761","https://openalex.org/W2037174948","https://openalex.org/W4388134110","https://openalex.org/W3199829813","https://openalex.org/W2400641934"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,136],"paper":[1],"attempts":[2],"to":[3,58,75,88,108],"accurately":[4,139],"recognize":[5,77,95],"the":[6,31,41,53,60,63,81,90,96,103,120,127,132,141,148,158,165],"emotional":[7,117,128,142,145,171],"states":[8,146,172],"of":[9,40,62,131,147,161,167,173],"shooters":[10,174],"and":[11,35,65,94,111,144,164,169,178],"prepare":[12],"practical":[13],"adjustment":[14],"strategies":[15],"for":[16,25,119,157],"these":[17],"athletes.":[18],"First,":[19],"an":[20,116],"experimental":[21],"paradigm":[22],"was":[23,86,122],"designed":[24],"emotion":[26],"induction,":[27],"which":[28],"effectively":[29,76],"arouses":[30],"calmness,":[32],"sadness,":[33],"fear,":[34],"happiness,":[36],"four":[37,54],"common":[38],"emotions,":[39],"subjects":[42],"with":[43],"emotion-inducing":[44],"video":[45],"clips.":[46],"The":[47,150],"electrodermal":[48],"activities":[49],"(EDAs)":[50],"collected":[51],"under":[52,92],"emotions":[55,61,91,105,163],"were":[56,68,106],"employed":[57],"analyze":[59],"subjects,":[64],"six":[66],"eigenvectors":[67],"identified":[69],"by":[70],"particle":[71],"swarm":[72],"optimization":[73],"(PSO)":[74],"stress":[78,93,97],"emotions.":[79],"Then,":[80],"k-nearest":[82],"neighbor's":[83],"algorithm":[84],"(kNNs)":[85],"adopted":[87],"calculate":[89],"degree.":[98],"To":[99],"improve":[100],"recognition":[101],"accuracy,":[102],"captured":[104],"subjected":[107],"baseline":[109],"removal":[110],"PSO":[112],"feature":[113],"optimization.":[114],"Furthermore,":[115],"model":[118,137],"athletes":[121],"set":[123],"up":[124],"based":[125],"on":[126],"probability":[129],"space":[130],"Markov":[133],"chain":[134],"(MC).":[135],"can":[138],"simulate":[140],"features":[143],"subjects.":[149],"research":[151],"results":[152],"provide":[153],"a":[154],"good":[155],"reference":[156],"objective":[159],"evaluation":[160],"athletes'":[162],"maintenance":[166],"stable":[168],"proper":[170],"in":[175],"daily":[176],"training":[177],"competition.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
