{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2944274185","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2916095","title":"Adaptive Spatial-Spectral Feature Learning for Hyperspectral Image Classification","display_name":"Adaptive Spatial-Spectral Feature Learning for Hyperspectral Image Classification","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2944274185","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2916095","mag":"2944274185"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2916095","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2916095","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08712459.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08712459.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100753131","display_name":"Simin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7497-3225"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Simin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006419753","display_name":"Xueyu Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9596-6227"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126307644","display_name":"University of Iowa","ror":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xueyu Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101765652","display_name":"Yang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4154-7507"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["QuantaEye (Beijing) Technologies Co., Ltd., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"QuantaEye (Beijing) Technologies Co., Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060363706","display_name":"Jie Bao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5642-1993"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Bao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100753131"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.8568,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91394933,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"61534","last_page":"61547"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9921000003814697,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9406999945640564,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.7949361205101013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7202883362770081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.7174843549728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.710205078125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/softmax-function","display_name":"Softmax function","score":0.6881036162376404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.6100245118141174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-analysis","display_name":"Spatial analysis","score":0.5349864363670349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4990119934082031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.4636783301830292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.45639580488204956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4237786829471588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.23871445655822754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.1991429328918457}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.7949361205101013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7202883362770081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7174843549728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.710205078125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188441871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554146","display_name":"Softmax function","level":3,"score":0.6881036162376404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.6100245118141174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.5349864363670349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4990119934082031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.4636783301830292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.45639580488204956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4237786829471588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.23871445655822754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.1991429328918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2916095","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2916095","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08712459.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0fc57c3c143b466db9da984fdc3d32a8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0fc57c3c143b466db9da984fdc3d32a8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 61534-61547 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2916095","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2916095","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08712459.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322392","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329777","display_name":"Beijing National Research Center For Information Science And Technology","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2944274185.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2944274185.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W114517082","https://openalex.org/W1491705651","https://openalex.org/W1521436688","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1735317348","https://openalex.org/W1843779453","https://openalex.org/W1966184253","https://openalex.org/W1966580635","https://openalex.org/W1968258303","https://openalex.org/W1977949977","https://openalex.org/W1998399571","https://openalex.org/W2006634605","https://openalex.org/W2008835672","https://openalex.org/W2016268312","https://openalex.org/W2022508996","https://openalex.org/W2029316659","https://openalex.org/W2066916495","https://openalex.org/W2090424610","https://openalex.org/W2100495367","https://openalex.org/W2101711129","https://openalex.org/W2103518983","https://openalex.org/W2105536892","https://openalex.org/W2107600226","https://openalex.org/W2113513024","https://openalex.org/W2117130368","https://openalex.org/W2117731089","https://openalex.org/W2121338139","https://openalex.org/W2136251662","https://openalex.org/W2136922672","https://openalex.org/W2145862305","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2162698522","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2163640899","https://openalex.org/W2168478992","https://openalex.org/W2171171329","https://openalex.org/W2183182206","https://openalex.org/W2489292218","https://openalex.org/W2500751094","https://openalex.org/W2602024454","https://openalex.org/W2614326984","https://openalex.org/W3015751240","https://openalex.org/W4240485910","https://openalex.org/W4320339642","https://openalex.org/W6628852983","https://openalex.org/W6684191040"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3107204728","https://openalex.org/W4287591324","https://openalex.org/W3108503355","https://openalex.org/W3090555870","https://openalex.org/W4226420367","https://openalex.org/W2962876041","https://openalex.org/W3022820045","https://openalex.org/W2801655600","https://openalex.org/W3005627584","https://openalex.org/W4229443568"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,155],"combination":[1],"of":[2,90],"spectral":[3],"and":[4,33,79,113],"spatial":[5,21,40,50,76],"information":[6,41],"provides":[7],"an":[8],"effective":[9],"way":[10],"to":[11,38,53,74,102,134,145],"improve":[12],"the":[13,19,29,88,91,125,152,166],"hyperspectral":[14,111],"image":[15,31],"(HSI)":[16],"classification.":[17,154],"However,":[18],"local":[20],"contexture":[22,77],"changes":[23,78],"with":[24,35,175],"different":[25],"neighborhood":[26,44],"regions":[27,45],"over":[28],"HSI":[30,161],"plane,":[32],"methods":[34],"fixed":[36],"weights":[37,115],"integrate":[39],"for":[42,106,151],"all":[43],"could":[46],"result":[47],"in":[48,84],"inaccurate":[49],"features,":[51],"leading":[52],"adverse":[54],"effects":[55],"on":[56,120,158],"classification":[57,172],"performance.":[58],"To":[59],"address":[60],"this":[61,85],"issue,":[62],"a":[63,94,110,121,139],"novel":[64],"adaptive":[65,82,114,128],"spatial-spectral":[66],"feature":[67],"learning":[68],"network":[69,97],"(ASSFL)":[70],"has":[71],"been":[72],"proposed":[73,92,144,167],"reflect":[75],"learn":[80,103],"robust":[81],"features":[83,105,129,150],"paper.":[86],"In":[87],"implementation":[89],"method,":[93],"convolution":[95],"neural":[96],"(CNN)":[98],"is":[99,143],"first":[100],"applied":[101],"weight":[104],"each":[107],"pixel":[108],"within":[109],"patch":[112],"can":[116,130,169],"be":[117,131],"obtained":[118],"based":[119],"softmax":[122],"normalization.":[123],"Then,":[124],"shallow":[126],"joint":[127],"acquired":[132],"according":[133],"these":[135],"weights.":[136],"After":[137],"that,":[138],"stacked":[140],"auto-encoder":[141],"(SAE)":[142],"further":[146],"extract":[147],"deeper":[148],"hierarchical":[149],"final":[153],"experimental":[156],"results":[157,173],"four":[159],"benchmark":[160],"data":[162],"sets":[163],"demonstrate":[164],"that":[165],"method":[168],"achieve":[170],"competitive":[171],"compared":[174],"other":[176],"existing":[177],"classifiers.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}