{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2942805745","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2913952","title":"Research on Torque Characteristics of a Modular Arc-Linear Flux Switching Permanent-Magnet Motor","display_name":"Research on Torque Characteristics of a Modular Arc-Linear Flux Switching Permanent-Magnet Motor","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2942805745","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2913952","mag":"2942805745"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2913952","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2913952","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08703091.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08703091.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100365189","display_name":"Bin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5430-8532"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100636900","display_name":"Jing Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8602-2371"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8602-2371","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048808943","display_name":"Quansong Mou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1366-4442"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Quansong Mou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100776476","display_name":"Xiangdong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4735-4757"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangdong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077136643","display_name":"A. Haddad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4153-6146"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","display_name":"Cardiff University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Haddad","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004183536","display_name":"Jun Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7511-449X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","display_name":"Cardiff University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7511-449X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100365189"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.8476,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73829323,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"57312","last_page":"57320"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11602","display_name":"Magnetic Bearings and Levitation Dynamics","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cogging-torque","display_name":"Cogging torque","score":0.9230602979660034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-torque-control","display_name":"Direct torque control","score":0.8036929368972778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque-ripple","display_name":"Torque ripple","score":0.668466329574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.6462489366531372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque","display_name":"Torque","score":0.6062296032905579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnet","display_name":"Magnet","score":0.5927510857582092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque-motor","display_name":"Torque motor","score":0.5136482119560242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotor","display_name":"Rotor (electric)","score":0.47642454504966736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stall-torque","display_name":"Stall torque","score":0.46826961636543274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/switched-reluctance-motor","display_name":"Switched reluctance motor","score":0.41906648874282837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.40654581785202026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.34751203656196594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.284579873085022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.24498781561851501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/induction-motor","display_name":"Induction motor","score":0.22368711233139038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.21589994430541992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.16271913051605225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.128862202167511}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776830253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q549712","display_name":"Cogging torque","level":3,"score":0.9230602979660034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109871850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1227571","display_name":"Direct torque control","level":4,"score":0.8036929368972778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779675184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7826797","display_name":"Torque ripple","level":5,"score":0.668466329574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.6462489366531372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144171764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48103","display_name":"Torque","level":2,"score":0.6062296032905579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16389437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11421","display_name":"Magnet","level":2,"score":0.5927510857582092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204054776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2444432","display_name":"Torque motor","level":5,"score":0.5136482119560242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17281054","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193466","display_name":"Rotor (electric)","level":2,"score":0.47642454504966736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17348537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7597300","display_name":"Stall torque","level":5,"score":0.46826961636543274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12090584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4107232","display_name":"Switched reluctance motor","level":3,"score":0.41906648874282837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40654581785202026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.34751203656196594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.284579873085022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24498781561851501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80962145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207450","display_name":"Induction motor","level":3,"score":0.22368711233139038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.21589994430541992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.16271913051605225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.128862202167511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2913952","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2913952","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08703091.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:http://orca.cardiff.ac.uk:123122","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401195","display_name":"ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","host_organization_name":"Cardiff University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:74b83f1c5e0a40e7ab87ca8dca18ae61","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/74b83f1c5e0a40e7ab87ca8dca18ae61","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 57312-57320 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:http://orca-dev.cardiff.ac.uk:123122","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/id/eprint/123122/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401195","display_name":"ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","host_organization_name":"Cardiff University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2913952","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2913952","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08703091.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7200000286102295,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964657504","https://openalex.org/W1996528347","https://openalex.org/W2005412367","https://openalex.org/W2017677642","https://openalex.org/W2065441364","https://openalex.org/W2076063921","https://openalex.org/W2104927943","https://openalex.org/W2115030830","https://openalex.org/W2116673732","https://openalex.org/W2116983387","https://openalex.org/W2130693546","https://openalex.org/W2134495481","https://openalex.org/W2135421325","https://openalex.org/W2150738433","https://openalex.org/W2161073154","https://openalex.org/W2165649830","https://openalex.org/W2166379708","https://openalex.org/W2399958663","https://openalex.org/W2483540906","https://openalex.org/W2561574740","https://openalex.org/W2575287145","https://openalex.org/W2745466300","https://openalex.org/W2790793321","https://openalex.org/W2801972110","https://openalex.org/W2806911889","https://openalex.org/W2808329260","https://openalex.org/W2897404295","https://openalex.org/W2903288920"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1154392166","https://openalex.org/W1481613091","https://openalex.org/W1211305971","https://openalex.org/W2013914888","https://openalex.org/W4383747497","https://openalex.org/W4283737594","https://openalex.org/W2048296814","https://openalex.org/W2790336310","https://openalex.org/W4240357973","https://openalex.org/W3160471223"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,23,119],"modular":[1],"arc-linear":[2],"flux":[3,29],"switching":[4,30],"permanent-magnet":[5,31],"motor":[6,32,35,115],"(MAL-FSPM)":[7],"used":[8],"for":[9],"scanning":[10],"system":[11],"is":[12,61,85,124],"researched":[13],"in":[14,78],"this":[15],"paper":[16],"by":[17,126],"the":[18,28,39,48,52,68,75,90,104,114,122],"finite":[19],"element":[20],"method":[21,72,123],"(FEM).":[22],"MAL-FSPM":[24],"combines":[25],"characteristics":[26],"of":[27,73,89,113,121],"and":[33,36,42,58,96,108,129],"linear":[34],"can":[37],"realize":[38],"direct":[40],"driving":[41],"limited":[43],"angular":[44],"movement.":[45],"Due":[46],"to":[47,66],"double":[49],"salient":[50],"effect,":[51],"cogging":[53,69,94],"torque":[54,57,60,95,98,112],"including":[55],"slot":[56],"end":[59],"very":[62],"high.":[63],"In":[64],"order":[65],"reduce":[67],"torque,":[70],"a":[71],"magnetizing":[74],"permanent":[76],"magnet":[77],"reverse":[79],"direction":[80],"combined":[81],"with":[82],"rotor":[83],"segmentation":[84],"proposed.":[86],"By":[87],"means":[88],"proposed":[91],"method,":[92],"peak-peak":[93],"load":[97,111],"ripple":[99],"are":[100,116],"reduced":[101],"effectively.":[102],"Besides,":[103],"smooth":[105],"operation":[106],"range":[107],"an":[109],"average":[110],"also":[117],"optimized.":[118],"effectiveness":[120],"verified":[125],"both":[127],"2D":[128],"3D":[130],"FE":[131],"models.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-05T09:01:59.212387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
