{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2943440151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2913878","title":"RGB Camera-Based Imaging of Oxygen Saturation and Hemoglobin Concentration in Ocular Fundus","display_name":"RGB Camera-Based Imaging of Oxygen Saturation and Hemoglobin Concentration in Ocular Fundus","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2943440151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2913878","mag":"2943440151"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2913878","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2913878","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2913878","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048557340","display_name":"Kazuya Nakano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7639-1920"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159385669","display_name":"Chiba University","ror":"https://ror.org/01hjzeq58","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159385669"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kazuya Nakano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159385669"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019288659","display_name":"Ryosuke Hirofuji","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117075","display_name":"Nidek (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/0282x2n68","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117075"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryosuke Hirofuji","raw_affiliation_strings":["2NIDEK, Co., Ltd., Gamagori, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"2NIDEK, Co., Ltd., Gamagori, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026255019","display_name":"Takashi Ohnishi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6152-4487"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159385669","display_name":"Chiba University","ror":"https://ror.org/01hjzeq58","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159385669"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takashi Ohnishi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159385669"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001846391","display_name":"Markku Hauta\u2010Kasari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5481-0004"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I175532246","display_name":"University of Eastern Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/00cyydd11","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I175532246"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markku Hauta-Kasari","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I175532246"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111852619","display_name":"Izumi Nishidate","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9263-6334"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92614990","display_name":"Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00qg0kr10","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92614990"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Izumi Nishidate","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92614990"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012340764","display_name":"Hideaki Haneishi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7157-4309"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159385669","display_name":"Chiba University","ror":"https://ror.org/01hjzeq58","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159385669"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hideaki Haneishi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Frontier Medical Engineering, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159385669"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048557340"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159385669"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.9633,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84186093,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"56469","last_page":"56479"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10977","display_name":"Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemoglobin","display_name":"Hemoglobin","score":0.7742776870727539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deoxygenated-hemoglobin","display_name":"Deoxygenated Hemoglobin","score":0.696426510810852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rgb-color-model","display_name":"RGB color model","score":0.6859917640686035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fundus","display_name":"Fundus (uterus)","score":0.6823476552963257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fundus-camera","display_name":"Fundus camera","score":0.5334897637367249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxygen-saturation","display_name":"Oxygen saturation","score":0.48377177119255066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxygen","display_name":"Oxygen","score":0.46242019534111023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxygenation","display_name":"Oxygenation","score":0.41855254769325256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.4001428484916687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ophthalmology","display_name":"Ophthalmology","score":0.32344770431518555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.28739073872566223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.20511546730995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.19380411505699158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15615501999855042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochemistry","display_name":"Biochemistry","score":0.11485913395881653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anesthesia","display_name":"Anesthesia","score":0.10757407546043396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ophthalmoscopy","display_name":"Ophthalmoscopy","score":0.10587343573570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal","display_name":"Retinal","score":0.05556046962738037}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778917026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43041","display_name":"Hemoglobin","level":2,"score":0.7742776870727539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910876585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43041","display_name":"Deoxygenated Hemoglobin","level":3,"score":0.696426510810852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82990744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166194","display_name":"RGB color model","level":2,"score":0.6859917640686035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776391266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9612","display_name":"Fundus (uterus)","level":2,"score":0.6823476552963257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908868075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1144413","display_name":"Fundus camera","level":4,"score":0.5334897637367249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76538665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6294669","display_name":"Oxygen saturation","level":3,"score":0.48377177119255066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C540031477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629","display_name":"Oxygen","level":2,"score":0.46242019534111023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70289976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17143603","display_name":"Oxygenation","level":2,"score":0.41855254769325256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4001428484916687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.32344770431518555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.28739073872566223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.20511546730995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.19380411505699158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15615501999855042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.11485913395881653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.10757407546043396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780623050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837188","display_name":"Ophthalmoscopy","level":3,"score":0.10587343573570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780827179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001","display_name":"Retinal","level":2,"score":0.05556046962738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2913878","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2913878","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:erepo.uef.fi:123456789/7661","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://erepo.uef.fi/handle/123456789/7661","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402418","display_name":"UEF eRepo (University of Eastern Finland)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I175532246","host_organization_name":"University of Eastern Finland","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I175532246"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Tieteelliset aikakauslehtiartikkelit"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0cff419162f54caab3d41fc900b5dab4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0cff419162f54caab3d41fc900b5dab4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 56469-56479 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2913878","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2913878","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W88555858","https://openalex.org/W1021757497","https://openalex.org/W1180073186","https://openalex.org/W1516136009","https://openalex.org/W1561919149","https://openalex.org/W1566371410","https://openalex.org/W1571903778","https://openalex.org/W1588739914","https://openalex.org/W1766673759","https://openalex.org/W1933707029","https://openalex.org/W1974761002","https://openalex.org/W1980329716","https://openalex.org/W1986613297","https://openalex.org/W1989518434","https://openalex.org/W1991024374","https://openalex.org/W1999269382","https://openalex.org/W2006328565","https://openalex.org/W2006497447","https://openalex.org/W2010456451","https://openalex.org/W2010716055","https://openalex.org/W2015720156","https://openalex.org/W2023331863","https://openalex.org/W2031871723","https://openalex.org/W2032401898","https://openalex.org/W2032685264","https://openalex.org/W2032891373","https://openalex.org/W2035081469","https://openalex.org/W2043396926","https://openalex.org/W2043825393","https://openalex.org/W2045619026","https://openalex.org/W2046287748","https://openalex.org/W2046433337","https://openalex.org/W2049701347","https://openalex.org/W2053135239","https://openalex.org/W2053650049","https://openalex.org/W2055499485","https://openalex.org/W2060671152","https://openalex.org/W2078667464","https://openalex.org/W2080003296","https://openalex.org/W2091173665","https://openalex.org/W2094108443","https://openalex.org/W2116390578","https://openalex.org/W2127783897","https://openalex.org/W2130465304","https://openalex.org/W2130522035","https://openalex.org/W2133184290","https://openalex.org/W2156834287","https://openalex.org/W2159456826","https://openalex.org/W2165196362","https://openalex.org/W2167609813","https://openalex.org/W2312258149","https://openalex.org/W2444626518","https://openalex.org/W2565021716","https://openalex.org/W2582564323","https://openalex.org/W2771575444","https://openalex.org/W2785937940","https://openalex.org/W2790107379","https://openalex.org/W2792546692","https://openalex.org/W4211099883","https://openalex.org/W4240728506","https://openalex.org/W4256101427","https://openalex.org/W6603592026","https://openalex.org/W6630938387"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2156892294","https://openalex.org/W2409432299","https://openalex.org/W2041959245","https://openalex.org/W2188876996","https://openalex.org/W3011402321","https://openalex.org/W2057603663","https://openalex.org/W2044807567","https://openalex.org/W1597976271","https://openalex.org/W2467516922","https://openalex.org/W2034078808"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,70],"propose":[1],"a":[2,34,49,56,80,95,149],"red,":[3],"green,":[4],"blue":[5],"(RGB)-based":[6],"oximetry":[7,142],"to":[8],"assess":[9],"the":[10,45,60,66,77,89,98,121,126,130,135,139,145],"ocular":[11,61],"fundus":[12,46,62,78],"and":[13,19,29,87,117],"determine":[14],"its":[15],"oxygen":[16,102],"saturation":[17],"(SO2)":[18],"hemoglobin":[20,24,27,109,112,115],"concentration.":[21],"The":[22,104,132],"oxygenated":[23,108],"concentration,":[25,28,110,113,116],"deoxygenated":[26,111],"SO2":[30,118],"were":[31],"estimated":[32],"employing":[33],"method":[35],"that":[36,92,120],"combines":[37],"Monte":[38,67],"Carlo":[39,68],"simulation":[40],"of":[41,59,79,100,107,129,134,141,148],"light":[42],"transport":[43],"in":[44,97],"tissue":[47],"with":[48],"multiple":[50],"regression":[51],"analysis.":[52],"In":[53],"this":[54],"study,":[55],"single-layer":[57],"model":[58],"was":[63,123],"employed":[64],"for":[65,75],"simulation.":[69],"constructed":[71],"an":[72,84],"experimental":[73],"apparatus":[74],"measuring":[76],"rat's":[81],"eye":[82],"using":[83],"RGB":[85,146],"detector":[86],"investigated":[88],"physiological":[90],"response":[91,122],"occurs":[93],"upon":[94],"change":[96],"fraction":[99],"inspired":[101],"(FiO2).":[103],"resultant":[105],"images":[106,147],"total":[114],"indicated":[119],"caused":[124],"by":[125],"defective":[127],"oxygenation":[128],"blood.":[131],"results":[133],"present":[136],"study":[137],"indicate":[138],"possibility":[140],"based":[143],"on":[144],"fundus.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
