{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2943019175","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2911910","title":"Knowledge-Aided Target Detection for Multistatic Passive Radar","display_name":"Knowledge-Aided Target Detection for Multistatic Passive Radar","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2943019175","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2911910","mag":"2943019175"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2911910","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2911910","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08693840.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08693840.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035084357","display_name":"Guohao Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0781-9778"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guohao Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0781-9778","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100349326","display_name":"Wei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8772-5634"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8772-5634","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081132497","display_name":"Jun Tong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4445-5125"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204824540","display_name":"University of Wollongong","ror":"https://ror.org/00jtmb277","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Tong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, Computer and Telecommunications Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4445-5125","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, Computer and Telecommunications Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086321095","display_name":"Zishu He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4491-8414"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zishu He","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101866650","display_name":"Zhihang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0664-5585"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhihang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":5.8427,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96791137,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"53463","last_page":"53475"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multistatic-radar","display_name":"Multistatic radar","score":0.7407040596008301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7308558225631714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.6512950658798218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.6387414932250977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passive-radar","display_name":"Passive radar","score":0.5484989881515503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/likelihood-ratio-test","display_name":"Likelihood-ratio test","score":0.5169364809989929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.4708673059940338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.45748817920684814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.43491992354393005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.4343511760234833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3386751711368561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bistatic-radar","display_name":"Bistatic radar","score":0.31436866521835327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.21752724051475525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.20557889342308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1670832633972168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.15699389576911926}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777585438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6935105","display_name":"Multistatic radar","level":5,"score":0.7407040596008301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7308558225631714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.6512950658798218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.6387414932250977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151120012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2143008","display_name":"Passive radar","level":5,"score":0.5484989881515503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9483764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q585740","display_name":"Likelihood-ratio test","level":2,"score":0.5169364809989929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.4708673059940338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.45748817920684814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.43491992354393005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.4343511760234833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3386751711368561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100102862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625855","display_name":"Bistatic radar","level":4,"score":0.31436866521835327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.21752724051475525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.20557889342308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1670832633972168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.15699389576911926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2911910","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2911910","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08693840.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ro.uow.edu.au:eispapers1-3744","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ro.uow.edu.au/eispapers1/2735","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400510","display_name":"Research Online (University of Wollongong)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I204824540","host_organization_name":"University of Wollongong","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204824540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:acf64fa5e2474116afa4116bd2e50c93","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/acf64fa5e2474116afa4116bd2e50c93","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 53463-53475 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/27755538","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Knowledge-Aided_Target_Detection_for_Multistatic_Passive_Radar/27755538","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2911910","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2911910","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08693840.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1508655366","display_name":"\u975e\u5408\u4f5c\u53cc\u5e73\u53f0\u673a\u8f7d\u96f7\u8fbe\u6742\u6ce2\u5efa\u6a21\u4e0eSTAP\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61771095","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5604847068","display_name":"\u6781\u5316\u96f7\u8fbe\u6ce2\u5f62\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53caSTAP\u7b97\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61671137","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8553403047","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61401062","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2943019175.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2943019175.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1530436482","https://openalex.org/W1532319909","https://openalex.org/W1836036400","https://openalex.org/W1903432761","https://openalex.org/W1925811142","https://openalex.org/W1967790992","https://openalex.org/W1979601639","https://openalex.org/W2028823365","https://openalex.org/W2033419225","https://openalex.org/W2054999950","https://openalex.org/W2061927918","https://openalex.org/W2069319338","https://openalex.org/W2072156755","https://openalex.org/W2072903707","https://openalex.org/W2081763265","https://openalex.org/W2096985797","https://openalex.org/W2101996248","https://openalex.org/W2106033317","https://openalex.org/W2142067208","https://openalex.org/W2146000945","https://openalex.org/W2152672782","https://openalex.org/W2165111169","https://openalex.org/W2236834722","https://openalex.org/W2369214321","https://openalex.org/W2533380282","https://openalex.org/W2587037445","https://openalex.org/W2590141315","https://openalex.org/W2621628194","https://openalex.org/W2729451695","https://openalex.org/W2736916185","https://openalex.org/W2737761798","https://openalex.org/W2763187878","https://openalex.org/W2780231131","https://openalex.org/W2799793701","https://openalex.org/W2806087517","https://openalex.org/W2810939342","https://openalex.org/W3099521052","https://openalex.org/W4241684208"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1561177760","https://openalex.org/W2381813735","https://openalex.org/W183945987","https://openalex.org/W2534774707","https://openalex.org/W2123352135","https://openalex.org/W2901508765","https://openalex.org/W2626383149","https://openalex.org/W2137036518","https://openalex.org/W4239274222","https://openalex.org/W2127095042"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"studies":[2],"the":[3,17,24,39,42,54,57,60,67,71,74,81,104,109,119,129],"detection":[4],"problem":[5],"for":[6],"multistatic":[7],"passive":[8],"radar.":[9],"We":[10,32],"consider":[11],"scenarios":[12],"where":[13,94],"prior":[14,51,137],"knowledge":[15,55,72],"about":[16,56,73],"spectrum":[18,89],"and":[19,70],"peak-to-average":[20],"ratio":[21,45],"(PAR)":[22],"of":[23,27,41,59,87,108],"non-cooperative":[25],"illuminators":[26],"opportunity":[28],"(IOs)":[29],"is":[30,63,77,91,100],"available.":[31],"develop":[33],"several":[34],"knowledge-aided":[35],"(KA)":[36],"detectors":[37,122],"within":[38],"framework":[40],"generalized":[43],"likelihood":[44],"test":[46],"(GLRT)":[47],"to":[48,65,79,102],"exploit":[49,135],"such":[50,136],"knowledge.":[52],"Particularly,":[53],"bandwidth":[58],"transmitted":[61],"signal":[62],"employed":[64],"suppress":[66],"out-of-band":[68],"noise,":[69],"PAR":[75],"constraint":[76],"exploited":[78,101],"eliminate":[80],"remaining":[82],"high-power":[83],"noise.":[84],"The":[85,114],"challenge":[86],"unknown":[88],"condition":[90],"also":[92],"addressed,":[93],"block":[95],"sparse":[96],"Bayesian":[97],"learning":[98],"(BSBL)":[99],"derive":[103],"maximum-likelihood":[105],"estimates":[106],"(MLEs)":[107],"unknown,":[110],"temporally":[111],"correlated":[112],"signal.":[113],"numerical":[115],"results":[116],"indicate":[117],"that":[118],"proposed":[120],"KA":[121],"offer":[123],"significant":[124],"performance":[125],"improvements":[126],"compared":[127],"with":[128],"traditional":[130],"detectors,":[131],"which":[132],"do":[133],"not":[134],"information.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}