{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2941920823","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2909916","title":"A Wind Tunnel Experimental Study on the Flexible Flapping Wing With an Attached Airfoil to the Root","display_name":"A Wind Tunnel Experimental Study on the Flexible Flapping Wing With an Attached Airfoil to the Root","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2941920823","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2909916","mag":"2941920823"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2909916","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2909916","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08684836.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08684836.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102024490","display_name":"Peng Nian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8542-3090"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Nian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8542-3090","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019865106","display_name":"Bifeng Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1511-8381"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bifeng Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research & Development Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research & Development Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001039594","display_name":"Jianlin Xuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7550-7306"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianlin Xuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yangtze River Delta Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Taicang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yangtze River Delta Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Taicang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000156504","display_name":"Wenqing Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5811-421X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenqing Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research & Development Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5811-421X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research & Development Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067326494","display_name":"Yuanbo Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6568-5221"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanbo Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research & Development Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research & Development Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":16.1896,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98384439,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"47891","last_page":"47903"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11170","display_name":"Biomimetic flight and propulsion mechanisms","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11170","display_name":"Biomimetic flight and propulsion mechanisms","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12719","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering and Energy Systems","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10360","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/airfoil","display_name":"Airfoil","score":0.9322771430015564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flapping","display_name":"Flapping","score":0.7607935070991516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chord","display_name":"Chord (peer-to-peer)","score":0.5922562479972839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wing","display_name":"Wing","score":0.5887269973754883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-tunnel","display_name":"Wind tunnel","score":0.5547988414764404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerodynamics","display_name":"Aerodynamics","score":0.5522798299789429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lift-to-drag-ratio","display_name":"Lift-to-drag ratio","score":0.5372682809829712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.5333219766616821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relative-wind","display_name":"Relative wind","score":0.5189014077186584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.5136145949363708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/camber","display_name":"Camber (aerodynamics)","score":0.44923076033592224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/angle-of-attack","display_name":"Angle of attack","score":0.4462074339389801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marine-engineering","display_name":"Marine engineering","score":0.39464128017425537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3857223689556122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2808260917663574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112124176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4698744","display_name":"Airfoil","level":2,"score":0.9322771430015564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780444116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6057443","display_name":"Flapping","level":3,"score":0.7607935070991516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194147245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076368","display_name":"Chord (peer-to-peer)","level":2,"score":0.5922562479972839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97257150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161358","display_name":"Wing","level":2,"score":0.5887269973754883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100086909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193010","display_name":"Wind tunnel","level":2,"score":0.5547988414764404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13393347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8424","display_name":"Aerodynamics","level":2,"score":0.5522798299789429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107157880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845727","display_name":"Lift-to-drag ratio","level":3,"score":0.5372682809829712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.5333219766616821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111582010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310811","display_name":"Relative wind","level":4,"score":0.5189014077186584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.5136145949363708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60053565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1021159","display_name":"Camber (aerodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.44923076033592224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370906","display_name":"Angle of attack","level":3,"score":0.4462074339389801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199104240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118291","display_name":"Marine engineering","level":1,"score":0.39464128017425537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3857223689556122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2808260917663574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2909916","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2909916","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08684836.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:741357be29164f7cb8590860ec3268bc","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/741357be29164f7cb8590860ec3268bc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 47891-47903 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2909916","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2909916","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08684836.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1118795651","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1613227","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1787722772","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11872314","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G799202772","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFB1300102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2941920823.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2941920823.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1561957313","https://openalex.org/W2065713012","https://openalex.org/W2076603318","https://openalex.org/W2088617507","https://openalex.org/W2118821597","https://openalex.org/W2141223366","https://openalex.org/W2284220453","https://openalex.org/W2325349344","https://openalex.org/W2332654577","https://openalex.org/W2509283023","https://openalex.org/W2752433005","https://openalex.org/W2762379642","https://openalex.org/W2764229508","https://openalex.org/W2768079936","https://openalex.org/W2889526417","https://openalex.org/W2891415120","https://openalex.org/W2898451765","https://openalex.org/W2899550039","https://openalex.org/W3141751880","https://openalex.org/W4243135953","https://openalex.org/W6744414014"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W636797115","https://openalex.org/W2793145329","https://openalex.org/W263061560","https://openalex.org/W3118286036","https://openalex.org/W2366045631","https://openalex.org/W1512421967","https://openalex.org/W2526631038","https://openalex.org/W1574185572","https://openalex.org/W4405394353","https://openalex.org/W2144904212"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,5,8,23,37,42,45,54,67,75,83,93,99,109,121,123,136,140,152,159,165,168,172,180,189,197,201,209,229,232,245,251,256],"purpose":[2],"to":[3,22,35,59,81,97,120,139,179,208,228,249],"improve":[4,196],"performance":[6,39,47,161,254],"of":[7,15,41,53,95,116,151,191,222,231,255],"flexible":[9],"membrane":[10],"flapping":[11,16,43,68,153,173,234,257],"wing,":[12,44,154],"a":[13,30,61,114,131,144,185,219],"kind":[14],"wing":[17,69,174,258],"with":[18,70,113,130,175,259],"an":[19,176],"attached":[20,137,177,227],"airfoil":[21,110,138,178,202,210,246,261],"root":[24,141,181,230],"is":[25,48,79,127,206,226],"designed":[26],"and":[27,50,149,162,194,215,239],"tested":[28],"in":[29,147,184,188,213,253],"wind":[31,76],"tunnel.":[32],"In":[33,199],"order":[34],"study,":[36],"actual":[38],"improvement":[40],"flight":[46,84],"calculated":[49],"compared":[51],"instead":[52],"aerodynamic":[55],"performance.":[56,85],"A":[57],"method":[58],"establish":[60],"semi-empirical":[62],"cycle-averaged":[63],"mathematical":[64,89],"model":[65,90],"for":[66,167],"high":[71],"precision":[72],"based":[73],"on":[74,244],"tunnel":[77],"experiment":[78,238],"proposed":[80],"calculate":[82],"The":[86,236],"established":[87],"continuous":[88],"can":[91,142],"solve":[92],"problem":[94],"how":[96],"obtain":[98],"trimmed":[100],"state":[101],"by":[102],"using":[103],"discrete":[104],"experimental":[105],"data.":[106],"By":[107],"attaching":[108],"EPPLER":[111,211],"378":[112,212],"thickness":[115,221],"4.07%":[117],"chord":[118,224],"length":[119],"root,":[122],"cruise":[124,133],"velocity":[125],"envelope":[126],"expanded,":[128],"especially":[129],"small":[132],"velocity.":[134],"Although":[135],"cause":[143],"slight":[145],"decrease":[146],"endurance":[148],"range":[150],"it":[155],"will":[156,182,195],"greatly":[157],"enhance":[158],"climbing":[160],"effectively":[163],"reduce":[164],"demand":[166],"takeoff":[169],"sites.":[170],"Besides,":[171],"result":[183],"significant":[186],"reduction":[187],"radius":[190],"steady":[192],"turning":[193],"maneuverability.":[198],"addition,":[200],"EJ":[203,247],"85,":[204],"which":[205],"similar":[207],"shape":[214],"camber":[216],"but":[217],"has":[218],"larger":[220],"6.5%":[223],"length,":[225],"original":[233],"wing.":[235],"same":[237],"modeling":[240],"procedure":[241],"are":[242],"performed":[243],"85":[248],"analyze":[250],"difference":[252],"different":[260],"thickness.":[262]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}