{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2929400133","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2909146","title":"Wearable Antennas: A Review of Materials, Structures, and Innovative Features for Autonomous Communication and Sensing","display_name":"Wearable Antennas: A Review of Materials, Structures, and Innovative Features for Autonomous Communication and Sensing","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2929400133","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2909146","mag":"2929400133"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2909146","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2909146","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08681039.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08681039.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kashif Nisar Paracha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-7385"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4576418","display_name":"University of Technology Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/026w31v75","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4576418"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kashif Nisar Paracha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wireless Communication Centre (WCC), School of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6379-7385","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wireless Communication Centre (WCC), School of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4576418"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032796140","display_name":"Sharul Kamal Abdul Rahim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4511-1989"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4576418","display_name":"University of Technology Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/026w31v75","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4576418"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sharul Kamal Abdul Rahim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wireless Communication Centre (WCC), School of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wireless Communication Centre (WCC), School of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4576418"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045025342","display_name":"Ping Jack Soh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6394-5330"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65079550","display_name":"Universiti Malaysia Perlis","ror":"https://ror.org/00xmkb790","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65079550"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Jack Soh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Communication Engineering (ACE) CoE, School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Communication Engineering (ACE) CoE, School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65079550"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059640494","display_name":"Mohsen Khalily","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1861-5428"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohsen Khalily","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Communication Systems (ICS), Home of the 5G Innovation Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1861-5428","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Communication Systems (ICS), Home of the 5G Innovation Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4576418"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":277.5552,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":298,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99985295,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"56694","last_page":"56712"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7179735898971558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.7171600461006165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.6231067776679993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6177488565444946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-technology","display_name":"Wearable technology","score":0.5368863344192505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4207146465778351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.32574671506881714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.20189648866653442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1755368411540985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.16994208097457886}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7179735898971558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.7171600461006165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.6231067776679993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6177488565444946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54290928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4845080","display_name":"Wearable technology","level":3,"score":0.5368863344192505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4207146465778351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.32574671506881714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.20189648866653442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1755368411540985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.16994208097457886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2909146","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2909146","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08681039.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:alma.44SUR_INST:11139740280002346","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197018","display_name":"View","issn_l":"2688-268X","issn":["2688-268X","2688-3988"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6d4d7a5f0c9e4eb38b36b79d7d88022b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6d4d7a5f0c9e4eb38b36b79d7d88022b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 56694-56712 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:epubs.surrey.ac.uk:851699","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/851699/1/Wearable%20Antennas.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400680","display_name":"Surrey Research Insight Open Access (The University of Surrey)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","host_organization_name":"University of Surrey","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2909146","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2909146","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08681039.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2929400133.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2929400133.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":148,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1541124929","https://openalex.org/W1566203035","https://openalex.org/W1753929369","https://openalex.org/W1884168705","https://openalex.org/W1906604364","https://openalex.org/W1911261572","https://openalex.org/W1956218571","https://openalex.org/W1963658149","https://openalex.org/W1972736878","https://openalex.org/W1979440528","https://openalex.org/W1981852353","https://openalex.org/W1982950589","https://openalex.org/W1985694433","https://openalex.org/W1986110334","https://openalex.org/W1987609215","https://openalex.org/W1992997028","https://openalex.org/W1995090980","https://openalex.org/W1997408769","https://openalex.org/W2003651411","https://openalex.org/W2006953953","https://openalex.org/W2009865360","https://openalex.org/W2011639867","https://openalex.org/W2011857805","https://openalex.org/W2011984096","https://openalex.org/W2012198488","https://openalex.org/W2019357251","https://openalex.org/W2020787246","https://openalex.org/W2028885151","https://openalex.org/W2034762366","https://openalex.org/W2057832704","https://openalex.org/W2060664011","https://openalex.org/W2065076913","https://openalex.org/W2065857420","https://openalex.org/W2070178717","https://openalex.org/W2077087281","https://openalex.org/W2079841778","https://openalex.org/W2080559687","https://openalex.org/W2087647859","https://openalex.org/W2089737824","https://openalex.org/W2090394494","https://openalex.org/W2091537331","https://openalex.org/W2091718038","https://openalex.org/W2094787830","https://openalex.org/W2102437632","https://openalex.org/W2106277625","https://openalex.org/W2106620181","https://openalex.org/W2112243399","https://openalex.org/W2121495889","https://openalex.org/W2129974667","https://openalex.org/W2131029473","https://openalex.org/W2131700273","https://openalex.org/W2145175779","https://openalex.org/W2151494676","https://openalex.org/W2163002682","https://openalex.org/W2168730065","https://openalex.org/W2170955820","https://openalex.org/W2173380124","https://openalex.org/W2198632484","https://openalex.org/W2207468942","https://openalex.org/W2213362969","https://openalex.org/W2278528662","https://openalex.org/W2283635835","https://openalex.org/W2290618524","https://openalex.org/W2291461369","https://openalex.org/W2292716676","https://openalex.org/W2302656803","https://openalex.org/W2308111057","https://openalex.org/W2311633800","https://openalex.org/W2313419281","https://openalex.org/W2313812368","https://openalex.org/W2322559250","https://openalex.org/W2326358193","https://openalex.org/W2331014671","https://openalex.org/W2334973254","https://openalex.org/W2337111119","https://openalex.org/W2338218228","https://openalex.org/W2343036182","https://openalex.org/W2343448572","https://openalex.org/W2356124034","https://openalex.org/W2396206064","https://openalex.org/W2397151405","https://openalex.org/W2401827849","https://openalex.org/W2404921754","https://openalex.org/W2461477287","https://openalex.org/W2469158145","https://openalex.org/W2507540462","https://openalex.org/W2508282966","https://openalex.org/W2530286982","https://openalex.org/W2557676924","https://openalex.org/W2563153485","https://openalex.org/W2563194789","https://openalex.org/W2563671256","https://openalex.org/W2574298523","https://openalex.org/W2579969309","https://openalex.org/W2588433480","https://openalex.org/W2593100052","https://openalex.org/W2598646247","https://openalex.org/W2602543586","https://openalex.org/W2604781587","https://openalex.org/W2605335113","https://openalex.org/W2614094480","https://openalex.org/W2615788137","https://openalex.org/W2616366549","https://openalex.org/W2618126466","https://openalex.org/W2620007369","https://openalex.org/W2626814575","https://openalex.org/W2626957064","https://openalex.org/W2725864138","https://openalex.org/W2730689097","https://openalex.org/W2731867981","https://openalex.org/W2735534352","https://openalex.org/W2739043023","https://openalex.org/W2740884108","https://openalex.org/W2741477300","https://openalex.org/W2749532322","https://openalex.org/W2752408822","https://openalex.org/W2755908352","https://openalex.org/W2756243514","https://openalex.org/W2766463868","https://openalex.org/W2767677348","https://openalex.org/W2776329854","https://openalex.org/W2783022659","https://openalex.org/W2783511590","https://openalex.org/W2788975809","https://openalex.org/W2789669355","https://openalex.org/W2790128553","https://openalex.org/W2790770163","https://openalex.org/W2792620203","https://openalex.org/W2793338198","https://openalex.org/W2793525899","https://openalex.org/W2800602207","https://openalex.org/W2800772102","https://openalex.org/W2802844331","https://openalex.org/W2802856498","https://openalex.org/W2802998676","https://openalex.org/W2805873416","https://openalex.org/W2807175708","https://openalex.org/W2884387514","https://openalex.org/W2885847753","https://openalex.org/W2886425582","https://openalex.org/W2889013832","https://openalex.org/W2889957732","https://openalex.org/W2913351925","https://openalex.org/W2919649197","https://openalex.org/W4248233343","https://openalex.org/W6639962812","https://openalex.org/W6649879190","https://openalex.org/W6651789133"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3090300519","https://openalex.org/W2514492205","https://openalex.org/W4250401876","https://openalex.org/W2943851981","https://openalex.org/W2566526749","https://openalex.org/W2907667791","https://openalex.org/W3047461507","https://openalex.org/W3126390843","https://openalex.org/W2383801459","https://openalex.org/W4233785208"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wearable":[0],"antennas":[1,29,60,83],"have":[2],"gained":[3],"much":[4],"attention":[5],"in":[6,16,53,70,111,121,136,151,187,198],"recent":[7,148],"years":[8],"due":[9],"to":[10,31,45,62,72,100,114,130],"their":[11,91,140,184],"attractive":[12],"features":[13,182],"and":[14,22,26,51,98,103,106,134,143,164,183],"possibilities":[15],"enabling":[17],"lightweight,":[18],"flexible,":[19],"low":[20,55],"cost,":[21],"portable":[23],"wireless":[24],"communication":[25],"sensing.":[27],"Such":[28,76],"need":[30,44,61],"be":[32,46,63],"conformal":[33],"when":[34,86],"used":[35],"on":[36],"different":[37,132],"parts":[38],"of":[39,65,81,95,117,124,180],"the":[40,73,79,101,122,194],"human":[41,74],"body,":[42,102],"thus":[43],"implemented":[47],"using":[48],"flexible":[49],"materials":[50],"designed":[52],"a":[54,178],"profile":[56],"structure.":[57],"Ultimately,":[58],"these":[59,118,189],"capable":[64],"operating":[66],"with":[67],"minimum":[68],"degradation":[69],"proximity":[71],"body.":[75],"requirements":[77],"render":[78],"design":[80],"wearable":[82,138],"challenging,":[84],"especially":[85],"considering":[87],"aspects":[88],"such":[89],"as":[90],"size":[92],"compactness,":[93],"effects":[94,170],"structural":[96],"deformation":[97],"coupling":[99],"fabrication":[104,144],"complexity":[105],"accuracy.":[107],"Despite":[108],"slight":[109],"variations":[110],"severity":[112],"according":[113],"applications,":[115],"most":[116],"issues":[119,135,190],"exist":[120],"context":[123],"body-worn":[125],"implementation.":[126],"This":[127,174],"review":[128],"aims":[129],"present":[131],"challenges":[133],"designing":[137],"antennas,":[139],"material":[141],"selection,":[142],"techniques.":[145],"More":[146],"importantly,":[147],"innovative":[149,181],"methods":[150,186],"back":[152],"radiations":[153],"reduction":[154],"techniques,":[155,163],"circular":[156],"polarization":[157,162],"(CP)":[158],"generation":[159],"methods,":[160],"dual":[161],"providing":[165],"additional":[166],"robustness":[167],"against":[168],"environmental":[169],"are":[171],"first":[172],"presented.":[173],"is":[175],"followed":[176],"by":[177,193],"discussion":[179],"respective":[185],"alleviating":[188],"recently":[191],"proposed":[192],"scientific":[195],"community":[196],"researching":[197],"this":[199],"field.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":57},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":61},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":53},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-13T08:25:38.343686","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}