{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2935417650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2909061","title":"Point Primitives Based Virtual Surgery System","display_name":"Point Primitives Based Virtual Surgery System","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2935417650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2909061","mag":"2935417650"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2909061","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2909061","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08681136.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08681136.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024355148","display_name":"Yanni Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2174-1030"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649914","display_name":"Nanchang University","ror":"https://ror.org/042v6xz23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanni Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2174-1030","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100659849","display_name":"Peter Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8703-6967"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter X. Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, ON K1S 5B6, Ottawa, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8703-6967","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, ON K1S 5B6, Ottawa, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028301524","display_name":"Dedao Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649914","display_name":"Nanchang University","ror":"https://ror.org/042v6xz23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dedao Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065455089","display_name":"Xiaohui Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5439-4787"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649914","display_name":"Nanchang University","ror":"https://ror.org/042v6xz23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohui Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043984114","display_name":"Shaoping Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0628-334X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649914","display_name":"Nanchang University","ror":"https://ror.org/042v6xz23","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaoping Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649914"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.3737,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56531912,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"46306","last_page":"46316"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11245","display_name":"Advanced Numerical Analysis Techniques","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7939768433570862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rendering","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","score":0.66646409034729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polygon-mesh","display_name":"Polygon mesh","score":0.6508426666259766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/texture-mapping","display_name":"Texture mapping","score":0.5524111986160278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.5258092284202576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.455900639295578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tearing","display_name":"Tearing","score":0.41799354553222656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.4058483839035034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3668716847896576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.33433449268341064}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7939768433570862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.66646409034729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31487907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1154597","display_name":"Polygon mesh","level":2,"score":0.6508426666259766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200585589","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752176","display_name":"Texture mapping","level":2,"score":0.5524111986160278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.5258092284202576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.455900639295578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776097996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2219270","display_name":"Tearing","level":2,"score":0.41799354553222656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.4058483839035034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3668716847896576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33433449268341064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2909061","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2909061","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08681136.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:carleton.ca:24221","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ir.library.carleton.ca/pub/24221","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402514","display_name":"Carleton University's Institutional Repository (MacOdrum Library, Carleton University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access vol. 7, pp. 46306-46316","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:15232cbb910f4aa5a1cffee7b894e5e2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/15232cbb910f4aa5a1cffee7b894e5e2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 46306-46316 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2909061","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2909061","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08681136.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2411191925","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20171ACB20007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3037405800","display_name":"\u6570\u63a7\u673a\u5e8a\u4e2d\u6c38\u78c1\u540c\u6b65\u7535\u673a\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u63a7\u5236\u82e5\u5e72\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"51765042","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4779017620","display_name":"\u9762\u5411\u6d77\u91cf\u6076\u610f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5e8f\u5217\u6316\u6398\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61762062","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4917606248","display_name":"\u9762\u5411\u795e\u7ecf\u5916\u79d1\u624b\u672f\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u8f6f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5207\u5272\uff0c\u5f62\u53d8\u53ca\u6495\u88c2\u4eff\u771f\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61862044","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6776128991","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20171ACB20007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326696","funder_display_name":"Jiangxi Provincial Department of Science and Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326696","display_name":"Jiangxi Provincial Department of Science and Technology","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2935417650.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2935417650.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1854502515","https://openalex.org/W1980043163","https://openalex.org/W1986805838","https://openalex.org/W1992808109","https://openalex.org/W2001903957","https://openalex.org/W2025930752","https://openalex.org/W2039907825","https://openalex.org/W2040194992","https://openalex.org/W2043598383","https://openalex.org/W2048458881","https://openalex.org/W2054316636","https://openalex.org/W2069116852","https://openalex.org/W2070222132","https://openalex.org/W2077290553","https://openalex.org/W2079094075","https://openalex.org/W2101711688","https://openalex.org/W2105333607","https://openalex.org/W2113634802","https://openalex.org/W2116287770","https://openalex.org/W2122307041","https://openalex.org/W2130567155","https://openalex.org/W2145804351","https://openalex.org/W2146990154","https://openalex.org/W2155652770","https://openalex.org/W2157216542","https://openalex.org/W2158905481","https://openalex.org/W2164596140","https://openalex.org/W2167375371","https://openalex.org/W2168685057","https://openalex.org/W2184162449","https://openalex.org/W2386403704","https://openalex.org/W2591426368","https://openalex.org/W2726415347","https://openalex.org/W2728002389","https://openalex.org/W2803272686","https://openalex.org/W4229874903","https://openalex.org/W6648504259"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2390233534","https://openalex.org/W2592107811","https://openalex.org/W2346366234","https://openalex.org/W2112688352","https://openalex.org/W1998890283","https://openalex.org/W2136366761","https://openalex.org/W3140181753","https://openalex.org/W4402278436","https://openalex.org/W2081645268","https://openalex.org/W2372596348"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"order":[1],"to":[2],"achieve":[3],"a":[4,15],"high":[5],"degree":[6],"of":[7,36,44,70,114,133],"visual":[8],"realism":[9],"in":[10,59,131],"surgery":[11,17,29,49,75,126,143],"simulation,":[12],"we":[13,55],"present":[14],"virtual":[16,28,48,74,125,142],"system":[18],"framework,":[19,46],"which":[20],"is":[21],"based":[22,51],"on":[23,52],"point":[24,53,123],"primitives":[25,54],"for":[26],"the":[27,33,37,42,112,115],"scene":[30],"rendering":[31,137],"and":[32,72,97,111,136],"biomechanical":[34],"calculation":[35],"soft":[38],"tissue.":[39],"To":[40],"embody":[41],"superiority":[43],"this":[45,60],"two":[47],"systems":[50,127],"developed":[56],"are":[57],"exhibited":[58],"paper.":[61],"Six":[62],"critical":[63],"functional":[64],"modules":[65,78,102],"were":[66,103],"selected":[67],"as":[68],"representative":[69],"basic":[71],"advanced":[73],"skill.":[76],"These":[77,101],"were:":[79],"1)":[80],"point-based":[81],"texture":[82,95],"mapping;":[83,96],"2)":[84],"deformation":[85],"simulation;":[86,89,92],"3)":[87],"cutting":[88],"4)":[90],"tearing":[91],"5)":[93],"dynamic":[94],"6)":[98],"3-D":[99],"display.":[100],"elaborated":[104],"by":[105],"including":[106],"working":[107],"principle,":[108],"execution":[109],"process,":[110],"performance":[113,130],"algorithm.":[116],"The":[117],"experimental":[118],"results":[119],"have":[120],"shown":[121],"that":[122],"primitives-based":[124],"obtained":[128],"higher":[129],"terms":[132],"computational":[134],"efficiency":[135],"effect":[138],"than":[139],"traditional":[140],"meshes-based":[141],"system.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
