{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2926818924","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2908035","title":"Co-Attention Network With Question Type for Visual Question Answering","display_name":"Co-Attention Network With Question Type for Visual Question Answering","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2926818924","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2908035","mag":"2926818924"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2908035","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2908035","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08676009.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08676009.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100604018","display_name":"Chao Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8774-8115"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, CN"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8774-8115","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, CN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071162053","display_name":"Mengqi Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8666-3141"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengqi Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, CN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, CN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007360513","display_name":"Bin Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5840-9664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, CN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, CN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085411015","display_name":"Weixin Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3409-9139"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weixin Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, CN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, CN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087894632","display_name":"Keqin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5224-4048"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113508548","display_name":"Albany State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vme4277","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113508548"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I392282","display_name":"University at Albany, State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/012zs8222","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I392282"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keqin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State University of New York, Albany, NY, US"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5224-4048","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State University of New York, Albany, NY, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I392282","https://openalex.org/I113508548"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100604018"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":3.1638,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":53,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93587016,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"40771","last_page":"40781"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.8532480001449585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8290125131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.8051167726516724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6667896509170532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5456888675689697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5249911546707153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.5150701403617859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modal","display_name":"Modal","score":0.5023150444030762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.46206387877464294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-learning","display_name":"Feature learning","score":0.4593439996242523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4523599147796631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4308742880821228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modalities","display_name":"Modalities","score":0.4267956018447876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.41259488463401794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3783274292945862}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.8532480001449585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8290125131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.8051167726516724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6667896509170532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5456888675689697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5249911546707153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.5150701403617859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71139939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910194","display_name":"Modal","level":2,"score":0.5023150444030762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.46206387877464294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.4593439996242523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4523599147796631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4308742880821228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.4267956018447876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.41259488463401794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3783274292945862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188027245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2908035","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2908035","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08676009.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:95f8ec35e2154a4b8218145b328bf005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/95f8ec35e2154a4b8218145b328bf005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 40771-40781 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2908035","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2908035","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08676009.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.6899999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1576788843","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017JJ3038","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5702945905","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61702176","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7924356066","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017JJ3038","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2926818924.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2926818924.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1514535095","https://openalex.org/W1575833922","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1889081078","https://openalex.org/W1895641373","https://openalex.org/W1933349210","https://openalex.org/W2019370496","https://openalex.org/W2023615143","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2133564696","https://openalex.org/W2157331557","https://openalex.org/W2174492417","https://openalex.org/W2189070436","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2277195237","https://openalex.org/W2293453011","https://openalex.org/W2340690086","https://openalex.org/W2340874616","https://openalex.org/W2412393473","https://openalex.org/W2463565445","https://openalex.org/W2546696630","https://openalex.org/W2560730294","https://openalex.org/W2597425697","https://openalex.org/W2597655663","https://openalex.org/W2744926832","https://openalex.org/W2745461083","https://openalex.org/W2803042791","https://openalex.org/W2895445296","https://openalex.org/W2914820290","https://openalex.org/W2949197413","https://openalex.org/W2955058313","https://openalex.org/W2962749469","https://openalex.org/W2962781483","https://openalex.org/W2962933067","https://openalex.org/W2963082899","https://openalex.org/W2963091558","https://openalex.org/W2963150162","https://openalex.org/W2963191264","https://openalex.org/W2963383024","https://openalex.org/W2963560594","https://openalex.org/W2963656855","https://openalex.org/W2963770662","https://openalex.org/W2963954913","https://openalex.org/W2964138017","https://openalex.org/W2964345214","https://openalex.org/W4298392976","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W6620707391","https://openalex.org/W6630875275","https://openalex.org/W6634232107","https://openalex.org/W6639102338","https://openalex.org/W6682086655","https://openalex.org/W6685271692","https://openalex.org/W6685337303","https://openalex.org/W6686883664","https://openalex.org/W6692004142","https://openalex.org/W6697449767","https://openalex.org/W6704508018","https://openalex.org/W6715144786","https://openalex.org/W6719057275","https://openalex.org/W6728881024","https://openalex.org/W6730531838","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6741381294","https://openalex.org/W6743792510","https://openalex.org/W6746565888","https://openalex.org/W6750506002"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2965546495","https://openalex.org/W4389116644","https://openalex.org/W4301143707","https://openalex.org/W2952745240","https://openalex.org/W3208297503","https://openalex.org/W3119773509","https://openalex.org/W2889153461","https://openalex.org/W2964117661","https://openalex.org/W4388405611","https://openalex.org/W2619127353"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Visual":[0],"Question":[1],"Answering":[2],"(VQA)":[3],"is":[4,94],"a":[5,33,54,78,106,169],"challenging":[6],"multi-modal":[7,146],"learning":[8],"task":[9],"since":[10],"it":[11,143],"requires":[12],"an":[13,58],"understanding":[14],"of":[15,108,184],"both":[16,66],"visual":[17,100],"and":[18,30,49,69,85,165],"textual":[19,74],"modalities":[20],"simultaneously.":[21],"Therefore,":[22],"the":[23,28,40,46,67,70,134,145,152,161,182],"approaches":[24],"used":[25,97],"to":[26,44,63,98,114,120,149],"represent":[27],"images":[29],"questions":[31],"in":[32,39,95,129,137],"fine-grained":[34,47],"manner":[35],"play":[36],"key":[37],"roles":[38],"performance.":[41],"In":[42],"order":[43],"obtain":[45],"image":[48,68],"question":[50,71,127,135,166],"representations,":[51,92],"we":[52,132],"develop":[53],"co-attention":[55,163],"mechanism":[56,164],"using":[57],"end-to-end":[59],"deep":[60],"network":[61,158],"architecture":[62,159],"jointly":[64],"learn":[65],"features.":[72],"Specifically,":[73],"attention":[75],"implemented":[76],"by":[77,140],"self-attention":[79],"model":[80,171,186],"will":[81],"reduce":[82],"unrelated":[83],"information":[84,123],"extract":[86,115],"more":[87],"discriminative":[88],"features":[89],"for":[90,172],"question-level":[91],"which":[93],"turn":[96],"guide":[99],"attention.":[101],"We":[102],"also":[103],"note":[104],"that":[105],"lot":[107],"finished":[109],"works":[110],"use":[111,121],"complex":[112],"models":[113],"feature":[116],"representations":[117],"but":[118],"neglect":[119],"high-level":[122],"summary":[124],"such":[125],"as":[126,187],"types":[128],"learning.":[130],"Hence,":[131],"introduce":[133],"type":[136,167],"our":[138,185],"work":[139],"directly":[141],"concatenating":[142],"with":[144,189],"joint":[147],"representation":[148],"narrow":[150],"down":[151],"candidate":[153],"answer":[154],"space.":[155],"A":[156],"new":[157],"combining":[160],"proposed":[162],"provides":[168],"unified":[170],"VQA.":[173],"The":[174],"extensive":[175],"experiments":[176],"on":[177],"two":[178],"public":[179],"datasets":[180],"demonstrate":[181],"effectiveness":[183],"compared":[188],"several":[190],"state-of-the-art":[191],"approaches.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
