{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2921673410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2904315","title":"Self-Paced Dense Connectivity Learning for Visual Tracking","display_name":"Self-Paced Dense Connectivity Learning for Visual Tracking","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2921673410","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2904315","mag":"2921673410"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2904315","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2904315","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08666706.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08666706.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017569039","display_name":"Daohui Ge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3367-1340"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daohui Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi\u2019an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Vision, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","Xi'an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Vision, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi\u2019an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Vision, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Vision, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057494448","display_name":"Jianfeng Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7641-2170"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianfeng Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi\u2019an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Vision, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","Xi'an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Vision, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi\u2019an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Vision, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Vision, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067915975","display_name":"Yutao Qi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3955-8584"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yutao Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi\u2019an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Vision, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","Xi'an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Vision, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi\u2019an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Vision, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Vision, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080539155","display_name":"Chongxiao Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chongxiao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi\u2019an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Vision, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","Xi'an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Vision, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi\u2019an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Vision, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Vision, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007404362","display_name":"Qiguang Miao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2872-388X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiguang Miao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi\u2019an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Vision, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","Xi'an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Vision, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2872-388X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi\u2019an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Vision, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Vision, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017569039"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.3062,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58961632,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"37181","last_page":"37191"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11963","display_name":"Impact of Light on Environment and Health","score":0.944100022315979,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.844136655330658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bittorrent-tracker","display_name":"BitTorrent tracker","score":0.7945507764816284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6796682476997375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.6593263149261475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.6386739611625671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.5978126525878906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.575484573841095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-tracking","display_name":"Eye tracking","score":0.5574832558631897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.45756039023399353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4299294948577881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.39592698216438293}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.844136655330658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57501372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2021268","display_name":"BitTorrent tracker","level":3,"score":0.7945507764816284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6796682476997375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.6593263149261475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.6386739611625671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5978126525878906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.575484573841095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56461940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970687","display_name":"Eye tracking","level":2,"score":0.5574832558631897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.45756039023399353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4299294948577881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.39592698216438293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2904315","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2904315","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08666706.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:91df2025b5a8492a9fc205d36ba62e00","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/91df2025b5a8492a9fc205d36ba62e00","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 37181-37191 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2904315","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2904315","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08666706.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1488307367","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JB170304","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2324311213","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61772396","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3400520820","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JB170306","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3424790759","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFC0807500","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4410089691","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JBF180301","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4895336395","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61772392","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8214882295","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61472302","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2921673410.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2921673410.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W161114242","https://openalex.org/W182940129","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1807914171","https://openalex.org/W1854404533","https://openalex.org/W1857884451","https://openalex.org/W1915599933","https://openalex.org/W1915785815","https://openalex.org/W1936750108","https://openalex.org/W1955741794","https://openalex.org/W1963882359","https://openalex.org/W1964846093","https://openalex.org/W1974095883","https://openalex.org/W1995137594","https://openalex.org/W2000326692","https://openalex.org/W2024657922","https://openalex.org/W2037227137","https://openalex.org/W2044986361","https://openalex.org/W2045724293","https://openalex.org/W2060814785","https://openalex.org/W2089961441","https://openalex.org/W2098854771","https://openalex.org/W2098941887","https://openalex.org/W2100913937","https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2121193292","https://openalex.org/W2132984949","https://openalex.org/W2149829493","https://openalex.org/W2154429285","https://openalex.org/W2154889144","https://openalex.org/W2158592639","https://openalex.org/W2158917775","https://openalex.org/W2161381512","https://openalex.org/W2162383208","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2165430451","https://openalex.org/W2211629196","https://openalex.org/W2214352687","https://openalex.org/W2214871046","https://openalex.org/W2240178225","https://openalex.org/W2244956674","https://openalex.org/W2296073425","https://openalex.org/W2408241409","https://openalex.org/W2469582947","https://openalex.org/W2470394683","https://openalex.org/W2470456807","https://openalex.org/W2473868734","https://openalex.org/W2518013266","https://openalex.org/W2518876086","https://openalex.org/W2538394767","https://openalex.org/W2557641257","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2599547527","https://openalex.org/W2740685955","https://openalex.org/W2776035257","https://openalex.org/W2810809861","https://openalex.org/W2900028034","https://openalex.org/W2952071190","https://openalex.org/W2962824803","https://openalex.org/W2963395590","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2964242925","https://openalex.org/W2964253307","https://openalex.org/W4298082496","https://openalex.org/W6638992375","https://openalex.org/W6661907736","https://openalex.org/W6665839387","https://openalex.org/W6675038308","https://openalex.org/W6679390333","https://openalex.org/W6683636472","https://openalex.org/W6683886257","https://openalex.org/W6684191040"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4226493464","https://openalex.org/W3133861977","https://openalex.org/W4384788979","https://openalex.org/W4406109044","https://openalex.org/W4406731786","https://openalex.org/W2951211570","https://openalex.org/W3103566983","https://openalex.org/W178060743","https://openalex.org/W2909390414","https://openalex.org/W2511178891"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"When":[0],"misalignment,":[1],"deformation,":[2],"and":[3],"tracking":[4,55,87,99,107,141],"failures":[5],"occur,":[6],"the":[7,10,20,42,47,62,81,86,90,94,98,103,106,110,120,123,127,138,144,147,150,158,161,170,175,179,199],"appearance":[8,24],"of":[9,22,49,64,92,105,122,129,140,149,160,172],"target":[11],"tends":[12],"to":[13,17,45,168],"change":[14,21,48],"significantly.":[15],"How":[16],"effectively":[18],"learn":[19,46],"target's":[23,50,151,180],"is":[25,67,135],"an":[26],"essential":[27],"problem":[28],"in":[29,157],"visual":[30],"tracking.":[31],"Recently,":[32],"most":[33],"recent":[34],"trackers":[35,201],"based":[36,136],"on":[37,137],"convolutional":[38],"neural":[39],"networks":[40],"update":[41],"tracker":[43,194],"online":[44,58,71],"appearance.":[51],"These":[52],"methods":[53],"collect":[54],"results":[56,108],"as":[57],"training":[59,65],"samples.":[60],"Thus,":[61],"reliability":[63,104],"samples":[66,96,130],"very":[68],"important":[69],"for":[70,89],"updates.":[72],"We":[73,113,163],"propose":[74],"a":[75,115,154],"self-paced":[76,82,111,190],"selection":[77],"model,":[78],"which":[79,125,177],"integrates":[80],"learning":[83,167,193],"model":[84],"into":[85],"framework":[88],"goal":[91],"distinguishing":[93],"reliable":[95],"from":[97],"results.":[100,142],"It":[101],"estimates":[102],"by":[109],"function.":[112],"design":[114],"method":[116,134],"that":[117,188],"adaptively":[118],"calculates":[119],"value":[121],"pace,":[124],"determines":[126],"number":[128,139],"selected.":[131],"And":[132],"this":[133],"At":[143],"same":[145],"time,":[146],"quality":[148],"features":[152,181],"plays":[153],"key":[155],"role":[156],"performance":[159],"tracker.":[162],"employ":[164],"dense":[165,191],"connectivity":[166,192],"enhance":[169],"flow":[171],"information":[173],"throughout":[174],"network,":[176],"makes":[178],"represent":[182],"better.":[183],"The":[184],"extensive":[185],"experiments":[186],"demonstrate":[187],"our":[189],"(SPDCT)":[195],"performs":[196],"favorably":[197],"against":[198],"state-of-the-art":[200],"over":[202],"four":[203],"benchmark":[204],"datasets.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}