{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2921483513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2904145","title":"A Hybrid Feature Extraction Method With Regularized Extreme Learning Machine for Brain Tumor Classification","display_name":"A Hybrid Feature Extraction Method With Regularized Extreme Learning Machine for Brain Tumor Classification","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2921483513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2904145","mag":"2921483513"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2904145","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2904145","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08664160.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08664160.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043393776","display_name":"Abdu Gumaei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8512-9687"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abdu Gumaei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085933596","display_name":"Mohammad Mehedi Hassan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3479-3606"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Mehedi Hassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Systems Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Systems Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084403081","display_name":"Md. Rafiul Hassan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6381-3816"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Rafiul Hassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information and Computer Science Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information and Computer Science Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080966304","display_name":"Abdulhameed Alelaiwi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4442-8378"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulhameed Alelaiwi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software Engineering Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Engineering Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023424929","display_name":"Giancarlo Fortino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4039-891X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45204951","display_name":"University of Calabria","ror":"https://ror.org/02rc97e94","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giancarlo Fortino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, Modeling, Electronics and Systems, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, Modeling, Electronics and Systems, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45204951"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043393776"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":25.613,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":449,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99646378,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"36266","last_page":"36273"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7598233819007874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.7252326011657715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.7188106775283813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.706911563873291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.6232315301895142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5634434223175049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.540704071521759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain-tumor","display_name":"Brain tumor","score":0.5285828709602356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4521506130695343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extreme-learning-machine","display_name":"Extreme learning machine","score":0.43870559334754944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4098028540611267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.2196561098098755}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7598233819007874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.7252326011657715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.7188106775283813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.706911563873291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.6232315301895142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5634434223175049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.540704071521759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779130545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q233309","display_name":"Brain tumor","level":2,"score":0.5285828709602356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4521506130695343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780150128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21948731","display_name":"Extreme learning machine","level":3,"score":0.43870559334754944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4098028540611267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.2196561098098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2904145","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2904145","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08664160.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0625da6915044764823f7f3499d75f23","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0625da6915044764823f7f3499d75f23","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 36266-36273 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:46384","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/46384","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402478","display_name":"INFM-OAR (INFN Catania)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210116497","host_organization_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116497"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2904145","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2904145","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08664160.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G934612000","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGP-318","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335726","funder_display_name":"Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321145","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335726","display_name":"Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2921483513.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2921483513.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W17544655","https://openalex.org/W1566135517","https://openalex.org/W2026131661","https://openalex.org/W2031878488","https://openalex.org/W2081297851","https://openalex.org/W2102544846","https://openalex.org/W2111072639","https://openalex.org/W2138584058","https://openalex.org/W2157595416","https://openalex.org/W2187181723","https://openalex.org/W2291411649","https://openalex.org/W2310992461","https://openalex.org/W2341452759","https://openalex.org/W2525219084","https://openalex.org/W2534299759","https://openalex.org/W2538556778","https://openalex.org/W2546820024","https://openalex.org/W2546847639","https://openalex.org/W2553444198","https://openalex.org/W2555845499","https://openalex.org/W2596470483","https://openalex.org/W2804600710","https://openalex.org/W2804998197","https://openalex.org/W2810138651","https://openalex.org/W2895683352","https://openalex.org/W2896120010","https://openalex.org/W6729001521","https://openalex.org/W6735074390","https://openalex.org/W6752907529"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2067443264","https://openalex.org/W31566076","https://openalex.org/W4297902562","https://openalex.org/W2741186499","https://openalex.org/W2804652951","https://openalex.org/W2968645206","https://openalex.org/W2556335056","https://openalex.org/W2002678693","https://openalex.org/W2095030957","https://openalex.org/W2066827917"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Brain":[0],"cancer":[1],"classification":[2,18,68,163],"is":[3,20,111,131,148],"an":[4,64],"important":[5],"step":[6],"that":[7,145],"depends":[8],"on":[9,101,133],"the":[10,33,75,86,94,115,124,146,153,158,171,174],"physician's":[11],"knowledge":[12],"and":[13,26,91,122,157],"experience.":[14],"An":[15],"automated":[16],"tumor":[17,67,96],"system":[19],"very":[21],"essential":[22],"to":[23,28,39,84,168],"support":[24],"radiologists":[25],"physicians":[27],"identify":[29],"brain":[30,66,76,89,95,118,139],"tumors.":[31],"However,":[32],"accuracy":[34,164],"of":[35,88,105,117,129,138,162,173],"current":[36],"systems":[37],"needs":[38],"be":[40],"improved":[41,165],"for":[42,62,113,170],"suitable":[43],"treatments.":[44],"In":[45],"this":[46],"paper,":[47],"we":[48],"propose":[49],"a":[50,56,80,102,109,127,134],"hybrid":[51,103],"feature":[52,106],"extraction":[53],"method":[54,104],"with":[55,152],"regularized":[57],"extreme":[58],"learning":[59],"machine":[60],"(RELM)":[61],"developing":[63],"accurate":[65],"approach.":[69],"The":[70,141],"approach":[71,147],"starts":[72],"by":[73,78],"preprocessing":[74],"images":[77],"using":[79],"min-max":[81],"normalization":[82],"rule":[83],"enhance":[85],"contrast":[87],"edges":[90],"regions.":[92],"Then,":[93],"features":[97],"are":[98],"extracted":[99],"based":[100],"extraction.":[107],"Finally,":[108],"RELM":[110],"used":[112],"classifying":[114],"type":[116],"tumor.":[119],"To":[120],"evaluate":[121],"compare":[123],"proposed":[125],"approach,":[126],"set":[128],"experiments":[130],"conducted":[132],"new":[135],"public":[136],"dataset":[137],"images.":[140],"experimental":[142],"results":[143],"proved":[144],"more":[149],"effective":[150],"compared":[151],"existing":[154],"state-of-the-art":[155],"approaches,":[156],"performance":[159],"in":[160],"terms":[161],"from":[166],"91.51%":[167],"94.233%":[169],"experiment":[172],"random":[175],"holdout":[176],"technique.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":60},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":103},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":100},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":85},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":54},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
