{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2915431994","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2900340","title":"Nonparametric Method for Modeling Clustering Phenomena in Emergency Calls Under Spatial-Temporal Self-Exciting Point Processes","display_name":"Nonparametric Method for Modeling Clustering Phenomena in Emergency Calls Under Spatial-Temporal Self-Exciting Point Processes","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2915431994","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2900340","mag":"2915431994"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2900340","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2900340","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08648431.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08648431.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035994030","display_name":"Chenlong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6947-4093"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chenlong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028701730","display_name":"Zhanjie Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6654-767X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhanjie Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Visual Pattern Analysis Research Lab, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Visual Pattern Analysis Research Lab, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100407871","display_name":"Xu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4011-7129"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75381157","display_name":"Wilfrid Laurier University","ror":"https://ror.org/00fn7gb05","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75381157"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75381157"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035994030"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.3248,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77151433,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"24865","last_page":"24876"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11830","display_name":"Point processes and geometric inequalities","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2604","display_name":"Applied Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11830","display_name":"Point processes and geometric inequalities","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2604","display_name":"Applied Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13187","display_name":"Diffusion and Search Dynamics","score":0.9599000215530396,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11911","display_name":"Spatial and Panel Data Analysis","score":0.9316999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonparametric-statistics","display_name":"Nonparametric statistics","score":0.8870913982391357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.7612859010696411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7168928384780884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-process","display_name":"Point process","score":0.7070891261100769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel-density-estimation","display_name":"Kernel density estimation","score":0.5798409581184387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.5546982288360596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expectation\u2013maximization-algorithm","display_name":"Expectation\u2013maximization algorithm","score":0.5441149473190308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixture-model","display_name":"Mixture model","score":0.5076972246170044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-process","display_name":"Gaussian process","score":0.5049872994422913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4390102028846741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.37951046228408813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.331906795501709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.19425702095031738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-likelihood","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","score":0.17580941319465637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1718970239162445}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102366305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1097688","display_name":"Nonparametric statistics","level":2,"score":0.8870913982391357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.7612859010696411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7168928384780884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88871306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208287","display_name":"Point process","level":2,"score":0.7070891261100769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71134354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458825","display_name":"Kernel density estimation","level":3,"score":0.5798409581184387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.5546982288360596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182081679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1275153","display_name":"Expectation\u2013maximization algorithm","level":3,"score":0.5441149473190308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61224824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2260434","display_name":"Mixture model","level":2,"score":0.5076972246170044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61326573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1496376","display_name":"Gaussian process","level":3,"score":0.5049872994422913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4390102028846741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.37951046228408813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.331906795501709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.19425702095031738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49781872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045555","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","level":2,"score":0.17580941319465637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1718970239162445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2900340","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2900340","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08648431.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b5bea6dc0bf141569bb786932f6208b5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b5bea6dc0bf141569bb786932f6208b5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 24865-24876 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2900340","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2900340","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08648431.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.49000000953674316}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1804174442","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"91746107","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1880386336","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China Scholarship Council (CSC)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2165548363","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Canada","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2300736770","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(CSC)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2467286996","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"46205","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6166266147","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"9174620","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6808247255","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"91746205","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8284766523","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(NSERC)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8589651859","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8702864354","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Z. Song","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2915431994.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2915431994.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W262662797","https://openalex.org/W1484798795","https://openalex.org/W1519516901","https://openalex.org/W1967461079","https://openalex.org/W1981083813","https://openalex.org/W1995186214","https://openalex.org/W2007839873","https://openalex.org/W2027283010","https://openalex.org/W2028944227","https://openalex.org/W2041017300","https://openalex.org/W2043686656","https://openalex.org/W2064758233","https://openalex.org/W2069849731","https://openalex.org/W2071778976","https://openalex.org/W2076072287","https://openalex.org/W2086260676","https://openalex.org/W2091473165","https://openalex.org/W2092635307","https://openalex.org/W2096845327","https://openalex.org/W2106516566","https://openalex.org/W2108386650","https://openalex.org/W2117853077","https://openalex.org/W2123906784","https://openalex.org/W2129994566","https://openalex.org/W2133149129","https://openalex.org/W2160861243","https://openalex.org/W2170264528","https://openalex.org/W2171442490","https://openalex.org/W2330033114","https://openalex.org/W2331064698","https://openalex.org/W2336875440","https://openalex.org/W2467174000","https://openalex.org/W2519438382","https://openalex.org/W2527091029","https://openalex.org/W2784719229","https://openalex.org/W2903919837","https://openalex.org/W2949444119","https://openalex.org/W2963918231","https://openalex.org/W2964255676","https://openalex.org/W3098677353","https://openalex.org/W3102356873","https://openalex.org/W3104043521","https://openalex.org/W3121790145","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6674784492","https://openalex.org/W6696212614","https://openalex.org/W6719467111","https://openalex.org/W6726561691","https://openalex.org/W6764007495"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2473373438","https://openalex.org/W2368486525","https://openalex.org/W2077224612","https://openalex.org/W2153481672","https://openalex.org/W2153238387","https://openalex.org/W4312864369","https://openalex.org/W84255947","https://openalex.org/W2014842417","https://openalex.org/W2502114474","https://openalex.org/W2061347451"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"a":[3],"nonparametric":[4,46,65,73],"spatial-temporal":[5,49],"self-exciting":[6],"point":[7],"process":[8],"is":[9,27,36],"proposed":[10,45,64,72,91],"to":[11,38],"model":[12,74],"clustering":[13,77],"features":[14],"in":[15,55,80,96],"emergency":[16,53,82],"calls.":[17],"Gaussian":[18],"kernel":[19],"density":[20],"functions":[21],"are":[22,60],"considered.":[23],"The":[24,48,67],"expectation-maximization":[25],"algorithm":[26],"adopted":[28],"for":[29],"estimating":[30],"the":[31,41,44,52,63,71,76,81,90],"model.":[32,66],"A":[33],"simulation":[34],"study":[35],"designed":[37],"carefully":[39],"examine":[40],"performance":[42],"of":[43,51,58],"method.":[47],"patterns":[50],"calls":[54,83],"Montgomery":[56,85],"County":[57,86],"Pennsylvania":[59],"studied":[61],"using":[62],"results":[68,95],"demonstrate":[69],"that":[70],"captures":[75],"phenomena":[78],"present":[79],"from":[84],"very":[87],"well.":[88],"Further,":[89],"parameter":[92],"estimation":[93],"method":[94],"robust":[97],"and":[98],"precise":[99],"estimates.":[100]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-13T07:58:08.660418","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
