{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2912130275","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2898219","title":"Efficient Waveform Design Method for Target Estimation Under the Detection and Peak-to-Average Power Ratio Constraints in Cognitive Radar","display_name":"Efficient Waveform Design Method for Target Estimation Under the Detection and Peak-to-Average Power Ratio Constraints in Cognitive Radar","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2912130275","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2898219","mag":"2912130275"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2898219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2898219","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08637937.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08637937.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015719506","display_name":"Tianduo Hao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2083-8831"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tianduo Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electronic Countermeasure, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronic Countermeasure, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101432698","display_name":"Chen Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2932-6613"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electronic Countermeasure, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronic Countermeasure, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012052023","display_name":"Yang Gong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9649-6834"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Electronic Countermeasure, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Electronic Countermeasure, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015719506"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.3967,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72183209,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"21300","last_page":"21309"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11698","display_name":"Underwater Acoustics Research","score":0.9722999930381775,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convex-optimization","display_name":"Convex optimization","score":0.6067214608192444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toeplitz-matrix","display_name":"Toeplitz matrix","score":0.6056523323059082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.5862133502960205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5367497205734253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5268320441246033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.5244101285934448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4813402593135834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.4705398678779602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.4567817449569702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.43092668056488037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.4300559461116791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","score":0.4155947268009186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regular-polygon","display_name":"Regular polygon","score":0.3029730021953583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.12354320287704468}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157972887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q463359","display_name":"Convex optimization","level":3,"score":0.6067214608192444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147710293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849428","display_name":"Toeplitz matrix","level":2,"score":0.6056523323059082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.5862133502960205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5367497205734253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5268320441246033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.5244101285934448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4813402593135834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.4705398678779602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.4567817449569702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.43092668056488037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.4300559461116791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4155947268009186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112680207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q714886","display_name":"Regular polygon","level":2,"score":0.3029730021953583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.12354320287704468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2898219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2898219","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08637937.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0baa00faecf94f1ab00503aca2f1f0c2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0baa00faecf94f1ab00503aca2f1f0c2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 21300-21309 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2898219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2898219","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08637937.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.46000000834465027,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2912130275.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2912130275.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W250076511","https://openalex.org/W1663552123","https://openalex.org/W1767817030","https://openalex.org/W1976563788","https://openalex.org/W1987084553","https://openalex.org/W1996215314","https://openalex.org/W2063146632","https://openalex.org/W2071652847","https://openalex.org/W2075076485","https://openalex.org/W2081356341","https://openalex.org/W2089429060","https://openalex.org/W2132702454","https://openalex.org/W2137632745","https://openalex.org/W2142067208","https://openalex.org/W2156427903","https://openalex.org/W2156576615","https://openalex.org/W2442224097","https://openalex.org/W2773094766","https://openalex.org/W2800111661","https://openalex.org/W2889052227","https://openalex.org/W2891295474","https://openalex.org/W2943892826","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W7070210403"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2016131521","https://openalex.org/W2756132392","https://openalex.org/W3035814349","https://openalex.org/W4285101096","https://openalex.org/W4320477335","https://openalex.org/W2518949622","https://openalex.org/W4382725876","https://openalex.org/W2084892497","https://openalex.org/W2115614142","https://openalex.org/W2275184629"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"addresses":[2],"the":[3,9,15,42,46,49,52,58,63,86,90,102,112,116,121,124,128,144,156,165,171,177,185],"waveform":[4,47,146],"design":[5],"problem":[6,55,92,98,130],"to":[7,25,36,84,95,101,170],"estimate":[8],"target":[10,19],"impulse":[11],"response":[12],"(TIR)":[13],"of":[14,39,45,62,123,176],"temporally":[16],"correlated":[17],"extended":[18],"in":[20,48,174],"a":[21,26,30,71,96,106],"cognitive":[22,152],"radar,":[23],"subject":[24],"detection":[27],"constraint":[28],"and":[29,41,89,180],"peak-to-average":[31],"power":[32],"ratio":[33],"constraint.":[34],"Owing":[35],"these":[37],"types":[38],"constraints":[40],"convolution":[43],"operation":[44],"time":[50],"domain,":[51],"formulated":[53],"optimization":[54],"for":[56,110],"minimizing":[57],"mean":[59],"square":[60],"error":[61],"estimated":[64],"TIR":[65],"based":[66],"on":[67],"Kalman":[68],"filtering":[69],"is":[70,81,93,108,131,168],"complex":[72],"non-convex":[73,91],"problem.":[74],"To":[75],"this":[76],"end,":[77],"an":[78],"auxiliary":[79],"variable":[80,114,118],"first":[82],"introduced":[83],"modify":[85],"original":[87],"problem,":[88],"converted":[94],"convex":[97,129],"with":[99,115,155],"respect":[100],"matrix":[103,113],"variable.":[104],"Then,":[105],"trick":[107],"used":[109],"replacing":[111],"vector":[117],"by":[119],"utilizing":[120],"properties":[122],"Toeplitz":[125],"matrix.":[126],"Moreover,":[127],"further":[132],"decomposed":[133],"into":[134],"three":[135],"simple":[136],"sub-problems":[137],"which":[138],"can":[139,147],"be":[140,148],"solved":[141],"efficiently.":[142],"Finally,":[143],"optimal":[145],"obtained":[149],"efficiently":[150],"through":[151],"iteration":[153],"combined":[154],"nearest":[157],"neighbor":[158],"method.":[159],"The":[160],"simulation":[161],"results":[162],"illustrate":[163],"that":[164],"proposed":[166],"method":[167,173],"superior":[169],"existing":[172],"terms":[175],"estimation":[178],"performance":[179],"computational":[181],"complexity":[182],"when":[183],"designing":[184],"constrained":[186],"waveform.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
