{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2910883248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2891668","title":"cGAN Based Facial Expression Recognition for Human-Robot Interaction","display_name":"cGAN Based Facial Expression Recognition for Human-Robot Interaction","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2910883248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2891668","mag":"2910883248"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2891668","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2891668","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08606936.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08606936.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101542160","display_name":"Jia Deng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jia Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1287-6096","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046516074","display_name":"Gaoyang Pang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0948-4641"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaoyang Pang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhiyu Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070930704","display_name":"Zhibo Pang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7474-4294"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086503","display_name":"ABB (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/0033n4009","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086503","https://openalex.org/I885143765"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhibo Pang","raw_affiliation_strings":["ABB Corporate Research Sweden, V\u00e4ster\u00e5s, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7474-4294","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ABB Corporate Research Sweden, V\u00e4ster\u00e5s, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086503"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017718826","display_name":"Huayong Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3578-5819"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huayong Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100611282","display_name":"Geng Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8685-5426"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geng Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101542160"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":11.9603,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":111,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98896653,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"9848","last_page":"9859"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.6416688561439514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.586324155330658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expression","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","score":0.5837765336036682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5732680559158325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.5654773116111755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gesture","display_name":"Gesture","score":0.5003092288970947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuple","display_name":"Tuple","score":0.4308127760887146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.41514962911605835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17359375953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.09991255402565002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.06754228472709656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.6416688561439514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.586324155330658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5837765336036682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5732680559158325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.5654773116111755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207347870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371174","display_name":"Gesture","level":2,"score":0.5003092288970947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118930307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q600590","display_name":"Tuple","level":2,"score":0.4308127760887146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.41514962911605835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17359375953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.09991255402565002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.06754228472709656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2891668","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2891668","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08606936.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:33adca333438402e9e388e95c9681f7a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/33adca333438402e9e388e95c9681f7a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 9848-9859 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2019.2891668","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2891668","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08606936.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3162808445","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"K18-508116-009","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322927","funder_display_name":"Zhejiang University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5088868329","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51521064","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322271","funder_display_name":"Science Fund for Creative Research Groups"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7882939329","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1509204","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G947427576","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51521064","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322271","display_name":"Science Fund for Creative Research Groups","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322927","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326701","display_name":"Recruitment Program of Global Experts","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":83,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1528162760","https://openalex.org/W1595126664","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W1935685005","https://openalex.org/W1963945289","https://openalex.org/W2016163491","https://openalex.org/W2031402837","https://openalex.org/W2033702744","https://openalex.org/W2035372623","https://openalex.org/W2045472600","https://openalex.org/W2056415169","https://openalex.org/W2067050450","https://openalex.org/W2081112272","https://openalex.org/W2096733369","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2099471712","https://openalex.org/W2103943262","https://openalex.org/W2106115875","https://openalex.org/W2113959912","https://openalex.org/W2115941714","https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2123469553","https://openalex.org/W2124079640","https://openalex.org/W2125389028","https://openalex.org/W2134670479","https://openalex.org/W2137099741","https://openalex.org/W2139916508","https://openalex.org/W2145310492","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2165731615","https://openalex.org/W2185840849","https://openalex.org/W2187089797","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2196256193","https://openalex.org/W2251472995","https://openalex.org/W2268421884","https://openalex.org/W2341528187","https://openalex.org/W2501162690","https://openalex.org/W2524985544","https://openalex.org/W2546442471","https://openalex.org/W2567467837","https://openalex.org/W2727455004","https://openalex.org/W2738005701","https://openalex.org/W2738672149","https://openalex.org/W2745497104","https://openalex.org/W2774147932","https://openalex.org/W2791065230","https://openalex.org/W2799103137","https://openalex.org/W2801059772","https://openalex.org/W2804817540","https://openalex.org/W2805080735","https://openalex.org/W2805613995","https://openalex.org/W2807126412","https://openalex.org/W2808002844","https://openalex.org/W2883486536","https://openalex.org/W2884048435","https://openalex.org/W2885068312","https://openalex.org/W2889978276","https://openalex.org/W2890117792","https://openalex.org/W2891596343","https://openalex.org/W2891628231","https://openalex.org/W2893664206","https://openalex.org/W2896277673","https://openalex.org/W2899886749","https://openalex.org/W2902598059","https://openalex.org/W2949117887","https://openalex.org/W2962793481","https://openalex.org/W2963278610","https://openalex.org/W2964201867","https://openalex.org/W2995034616","https://openalex.org/W3099206234","https://openalex.org/W3101998545","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4320013936","https://openalex.org/W6631481791","https://openalex.org/W6640455264","https://openalex.org/W6679792166","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6686711879","https://openalex.org/W6752472595","https://openalex.org/W6753257457","https://openalex.org/W6755364507"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2537963312","https://openalex.org/W2066003895","https://openalex.org/W2537762514","https://openalex.org/W2349788282","https://openalex.org/W577271088","https://openalex.org/W2120801881","https://openalex.org/W1982853263","https://openalex.org/W1974473538","https://openalex.org/W4206297952","https://openalex.org/W2642127892"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"an":[1],"emerging":[2],"research":[3],"topic":[4],"for":[5,51,267],"proximity":[6],"service":[7],"(ProSe),":[8],"automatic":[9],"emotion":[10,52],"recognition":[11,45],"enables":[12],"the":[13,17,78,84,89,143,177,205,222,239,261],"machines":[14],"to":[15,76,149,152,176,196,209,220],"understand":[16],"emotional":[18,41],"changes":[19],"of":[20,99],"human":[21,58],"beings":[22],"which":[23],"can":[24],"not":[25],"only":[26],"facilitate":[27],"natural,":[28],"effective,":[29],"seamless,":[30],"and":[31,59,87,91,103,115,170,189,199,224,235,253,256],"advanced":[32],"human\u2013robot":[33],"interaction":[34],"or":[35],"human\u2013computer":[36],"interface":[37],"but":[38],"also":[39,218],"promote":[40],"health.":[42],"Facial":[43],"expression":[44,132,207,268],"(FER)":[46],"is":[47,217,242,265],"a":[48,70,100],"vital":[49],"task":[50],"recognition.":[53,269],"However,":[54],"significant":[55],"gap":[56],"between":[57],"machine":[60],"exists":[61],"in":[62],"FER":[63,263],"task.":[64],"In":[65],"this":[66],"paper,":[67],"we":[68],"present":[69],"conditional":[71],"generative":[72,90,198],"adversarial":[73],"network-based":[74],"approach":[75],"alleviate":[77],"intra-class":[79],"variations":[80,247],"by":[81,231],"individually":[82],"controlling":[83],"facial":[85,131,153,212],"expressions":[86],"learning":[88],"discriminative":[92,200],"representations":[93],"simultaneously.":[94],"The":[95,120],"proposed":[96,262],"framework":[97],"consists":[98],"generator":[101,121,144],"G":[102,122,145],"three":[104,178],"discriminators":[105,179],"(":[106,158,180],"<italic":[107,111,116,166,171,181,185,190],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[108,112,117,160,167,172,182,186,191],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Di</i>":[109,183],",":[110,114,165,169,184,188],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Da</i>":[113,187],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Dexp</i>":[118,192],").":[119],"transforms":[123],"any":[124],"query":[125],"face":[126],"image":[127,133],"into":[128],"another":[129],"prototypic":[130],"with":[134,139],"other":[135,246],"factors":[136],"preserved.":[137],"Armed":[138],"action":[140],"units":[141],"condition,":[142],"pays":[146],"more":[147,226],"attention":[148],"information":[150],"relevant":[151],"expression.":[154],"Three":[155],"loss":[156,216,237],"functions":[157],"<inline-formula":[159],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[161],"<tex-math":[162],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$L_{I}$":[163],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[164],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">La</i>":[168],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Lexp</i>":[173],")":[174,193],"corresponding":[175],"were":[194],"designed":[195],"learn":[197],"representations.":[201,229],"Moreover,":[202],"after":[203],"rendering":[204],"generated":[206],"back":[208],"its":[210],"original":[211],"expression,":[213],"cycle":[214],"consistency":[215],"applied":[219],"guarantee":[221],"identity":[223],"produce":[225],"constrained":[227],"visual":[228],"Optimized":[230],"combining":[232],"both":[233],"synthesis":[234],"classification":[236],"functions,":[238],"learnt":[240],"representation":[241],"explicitly":[243],"disentangled":[244],"from":[245],"such":[248],"as":[249],"identity,":[250],"head":[251],"pose,":[252],"illumination.":[254],"Qualitative":[255],"quantitative":[257],"experimental":[258],"results":[259],"demonstrate":[260],"system":[264],"effective":[266]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-19T21:40:30.786675","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}