{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2905683382","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2888883","title":"Physical Layer Encryption Algorithm Based on Polar Codes and Chaotic Sequences","display_name":"Physical Layer Encryption Algorithm Based on Polar Codes and Chaotic Sequences","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2905683382","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2888883","mag":"2905683382"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2888883","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2888883","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2888883","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005806453","display_name":"Xinjin Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5861-8570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinjin Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communication Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5861-8570","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communication Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110911326","display_name":"Jing Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5838-5826"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130828816","display_name":"University of Leeds","ror":"https://ror.org/024mrxd33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5838-5826","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130828816"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100318442","display_name":"Wei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4133-2215"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communication Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communication Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067234489","display_name":"Ke Lai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ke Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communication Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9098-0756","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communication Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101681933","display_name":"Zhipeng Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4577-7705"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhipeng Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communication Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4577-7705","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communication Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.9882,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79937543,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"4380","last_page":"4390"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8200865983963013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.7247742414474487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chaotic","display_name":"Chaotic","score":0.6923621296882629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.5746798515319824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5729414224624634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.5330743789672852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.45787569880485535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.44205379486083984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.41926872730255127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.41630852222442627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.359455943107605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.29528987407684326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1305619776248932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09781390428543091}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8200865983963013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.7247742414474487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777052490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072826","display_name":"Chaotic","level":2,"score":0.6923621296882629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.5746798515319824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5729414224624634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5330743789672852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.45787569880485535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.44205379486083984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.41926872730255127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.41630852222442627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.359455943107605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.29528987407684326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1305619776248932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09781390428543091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2888883","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2888883","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b97399ae65744911a82426d85fb8a1a6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b97399ae65744911a82426d85fb8a1a6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 4380-4390 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2888883","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2888883","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2506155347","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017JJ2303","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3524704529","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61702536","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4577732683","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61502518","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5957157650","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u673a\u4f1a\u9891\u8c31\u63a5\u5165\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u5b89\u5168\u4f20\u8f93\u673a\u5236\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61601480","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8298302476","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018JJ3609","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322843","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967008192","https://openalex.org/W1985633252","https://openalex.org/W1995875735","https://openalex.org/W2003770618","https://openalex.org/W2015105729","https://openalex.org/W2044592986","https://openalex.org/W2081551746","https://openalex.org/W2094003855","https://openalex.org/W2100479399","https://openalex.org/W2102187818","https://openalex.org/W2102892532","https://openalex.org/W2114474275","https://openalex.org/W2125566231","https://openalex.org/W2126477936","https://openalex.org/W2132451182","https://openalex.org/W2145712176","https://openalex.org/W2150010995","https://openalex.org/W2150498905","https://openalex.org/W2168711358","https://openalex.org/W2169877013","https://openalex.org/W2343361402","https://openalex.org/W2438522066","https://openalex.org/W2491874358","https://openalex.org/W2507273085","https://openalex.org/W2527163662","https://openalex.org/W2546876579","https://openalex.org/W2547657982","https://openalex.org/W2568956448","https://openalex.org/W2576157399","https://openalex.org/W2609397719","https://openalex.org/W2726099649","https://openalex.org/W2745165233","https://openalex.org/W2770045199","https://openalex.org/W2774872427","https://openalex.org/W2789489692","https://openalex.org/W2794722241","https://openalex.org/W2796759045","https://openalex.org/W2799901361","https://openalex.org/W2896288600","https://openalex.org/W2986959318","https://openalex.org/W4214950786","https://openalex.org/W4230356881","https://openalex.org/W6633754982","https://openalex.org/W6651183435","https://openalex.org/W6681871932","https://openalex.org/W6770380337"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2100090372","https://openalex.org/W4361205702","https://openalex.org/W2004708907","https://openalex.org/W2385965183","https://openalex.org/W4289281780","https://openalex.org/W2013342653","https://openalex.org/W2901818815","https://openalex.org/W4237598585","https://openalex.org/W2376048186","https://openalex.org/W2945337394"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Researches":[0],"on":[1,55],"5th":[2],"generation":[3],"mobile":[4],"communication":[5],"networks":[6],"(5G)":[7],"are":[8,76,98,145],"emerging":[9],"to":[10,63,100,108,127,147],"meet":[11],"the":[12,65,79,95,101,110,114,117,123,129,134,139,149,153,166],"demands":[13],"of":[14,23,29,69,82,116,142,152],"rapidly":[15],"developing":[16],"communications":[17],"applications.":[18],"The":[19],"reliability":[20,66],"and":[21,32,43,58,67,88,160],"security":[22,172],"data":[24],"have":[25],"become":[26],"key":[27],"factors":[28],"its":[30],"development,":[31],"thus":[33],"5G":[34],"has":[35],"put":[36],"forward":[37],"higher":[38],"requirements":[39],"for":[40,106],"new":[41],"coding":[42],"encryption":[44,52,89],"technologies.":[45],"In":[46,71],"this":[47,156],"paper,":[48],"a":[49],"physical":[50],"layer":[51],"algorithm":[53],"based":[54],"polarization":[56],"codes":[57],"chaotic":[59,74,118,130],"sequences":[60,75,131],"is":[61,104],"proposed":[62,167],"improve":[64,122],"confidentiality":[68],"transmission.":[70],"our":[72],"scheme,":[73],"allocated":[77],"in":[78,155],"frozen":[80,96],"bits":[81,97,112],"polar":[83],"codes.":[84],"Therefore,":[85],"error":[86,175],"correction":[87],"can":[90,169],"be":[91],"performed":[92],"simultaneously.":[93],"Since":[94],"unknown":[99],"eavesdroppers,":[102],"it":[103],"difficult":[105],"them":[107],"decode":[109],"transmitted":[111],"without":[113,173],"knowledge":[115],"sequences.":[119],"To":[120],"further":[121],"security,":[124],"we":[125],"propose":[126],"generate":[128],"by":[132],"using":[133],"channel":[135],"state":[136],"information.":[137],"Besides,":[138],"chain":[140],"effects":[141],"delayed":[143],"feedback":[144],"applied":[146],"increase":[148],"decrypted":[150],"complexity":[151],"eavesdroppers":[154],"paper.":[157],"Theoretic":[158],"analysis":[159],"simulation":[161],"results":[162],"both":[163],"show":[164],"that":[165],"algorithms":[168],"achieve":[170],"high":[171],"any":[174],"rate":[176],"performance":[177],"loss.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
