{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2905315292","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2886311","title":"GrEDeL: A Knowledge Graph Embedding Based Method for Drug Discovery From Biomedical Literatures","display_name":"GrEDeL: A Knowledge Graph Embedding Based Method for Drug Discovery From Biomedical Literatures","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2905315292","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2886311","mag":"2905315292"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2886311","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2886311","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08574025.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08574025.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108004765","display_name":"Shengtian Sang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3824-9824"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengtian Sang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3824-9824","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051597671","display_name":"Zhihao Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6186-2024"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhihao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100705977","display_name":"Xiaoxia Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7693-4665"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoxia Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100736263","display_name":"Lei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8420-6860"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Health Administration and Medical Information, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Health Administration and Medical Information, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023931221","display_name":"Hongfei Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0872-7688"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongfei Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100370452","display_name":"Jian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4656-7446"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044836472","display_name":"Michel Dumontier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4727-9435"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34352273","display_name":"Maastricht University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jz4aj89","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michel Dumontier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Data Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Data Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.2246,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":70,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89177173,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"8404","last_page":"8415"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10887","display_name":"Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10211","display_name":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.72208172082901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.5552892088890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-graph","display_name":"Knowledge graph","score":0.5411699414253235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-discovery","display_name":"Drug discovery","score":0.4363023340702057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.4323521852493286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph-theory","display_name":"Graph theory","score":0.41002845764160156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3579521179199219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.2872350811958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioinformatics","display_name":"Bioinformatics","score":0.1467134952545166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13349542021751404}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.72208172082901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.5552892088890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987255567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33002955","display_name":"Knowledge graph","level":2,"score":0.5411699414253235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74187038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1418791","display_name":"Drug discovery","level":2,"score":0.4363023340702057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.4323521852493286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88230418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131476","display_name":"Graph theory","level":2,"score":0.41002845764160156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3579521179199219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.2872350811958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.1467134952545166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13349542021751404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2886311","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2886311","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08574025.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl:openaire/49bff811-9f97-4da6-8508-6451dcb28a06","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl/en/publications/49bff811-9f97-4da6-8508-6451dcb28a06","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402616","display_name":"Research Publications (Maastricht University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I34352273","host_organization_name":"Maastricht University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sang, S, Yang, Z, Liu, X, Wang, L, Lin, H, Wang, J & Dumontier, M 2019, 'GrEDeL : A Knowledge Graph Embedding Based Method for Drug Discovery From Biomedical Literatures', IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 8404-8415. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2886311","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a53d90288d364552b4a22e279893d4ed","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a53d90288d364552b4a22e279893d4ed","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 7, Pp 8404-8415 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2886311","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2886311","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/8600701/08574025.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1874822141","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61572102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2320491387","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NCET-13-0084","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2895212994","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NCET-13","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334924","funder_display_name":"Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3553340515","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u591a\u8bcd\u9a71\u52a8\u4e0e\u5377\u79ef\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u751f\u7269\u4e8b\u4ef6\u62bd\u53d6\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528","funder_award_id":"61572098","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4618271646","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016YFC0901902","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5664433505","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016YFC0901902","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G710307346","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NCET-13-0084","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321106","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8108786737","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u751f\u7269\u533b\u5b66\u6587\u732e\u7684\u9690\u542b\u77e5\u8bc6\u53d1\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61272373","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8388280645","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NCET-13-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334924","funder_display_name":"Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G877393814","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NCET-13","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321106","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334924","display_name":"Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2905315292.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2905315292.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W30760744","https://openalex.org/W46938732","https://openalex.org/W141694252","https://openalex.org/W1591801644","https://openalex.org/W1599615952","https://openalex.org/W1631679626","https://openalex.org/W1970577443","https://openalex.org/W1971106435","https://openalex.org/W1973058638","https://openalex.org/W2011726136","https://openalex.org/W2015604457","https://openalex.org/W2034537627","https://openalex.org/W2038316408","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2087035995","https://openalex.org/W2094405302","https://openalex.org/W2094728533","https://openalex.org/W2098201295","https://openalex.org/W2099668895","https://openalex.org/W2105562985","https://openalex.org/W2107878631","https://openalex.org/W2116296021","https://openalex.org/W2118229453","https://openalex.org/W2119332773","https://openalex.org/W2127795553","https://openalex.org/W2145074288","https://openalex.org/W2150355110","https://openalex.org/W2153225416","https://openalex.org/W2162311237","https://openalex.org/W2208994311","https://openalex.org/W2271312715","https://openalex.org/W2436108096","https://openalex.org/W2553681302","https://openalex.org/W2562110925","https://openalex.org/W2592742128","https://openalex.org/W2753199411","https://openalex.org/W2790808809","https://openalex.org/W2802532163","https://openalex.org/W2805208465","https://openalex.org/W2963224980","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W4239389735","https://openalex.org/W6601241269","https://openalex.org/W6601941550","https://openalex.org/W6635812994","https://openalex.org/W6678830454","https://openalex.org/W7025199648"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2081900870","https://openalex.org/W2604454537","https://openalex.org/W2808284704","https://openalex.org/W2897702399","https://openalex.org/W4206028705","https://openalex.org/W2757431232","https://openalex.org/W2954554213","https://openalex.org/W2251363251","https://openalex.org/W4206547516","https://openalex.org/W4293236197"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Drug":[0],"discovery":[1,162],"is":[2,16,91],"the":[3,60,67,79,94,107,142,148,158],"process":[4],"by":[5,46,58,77,93,101,135],"which":[6,40,98],"new":[7,14,133],"candidate":[8,112,149],"medications":[9],"are":[10,70,99],"discovered.":[11],"Developing":[12],"a":[13,17,29,54,73,86,154],"drug":[15,96,161],"lengthy,":[18],"complex,":[19],"and":[20],"expensive":[21],"process.":[22],"Here,":[23],"in":[24],"this":[25],"paper,":[26],"we":[27],"propose":[28],"biomedical":[30,49,55,64,119],"knowledge":[31,56,80],"graph":[32,57,68,81,102],"embedding-based":[33],"recurrent":[34,87],"neural":[35,88],"network":[36,89],"method":[37,127,156],"called":[38],"GrEDeL,":[39],"discovers":[41],"potential":[42],"drugs":[43,113,134],"for":[44,114,147,157],"diseases":[45,115],"mining":[47,136],"published":[48],"literature.":[50,120],"GrEDeL":[51],"first":[52],"builds":[53],"exploiting":[59],"relations":[61],"extracted":[62],"from":[63,118],"abstracts.":[65],"Then,":[66],"data":[69],"converted":[71],"into":[72],"low":[74],"dimensional":[75],"space":[76],"leveraging":[78],"embedding":[82],"methods.":[83,163],"After":[84],"that,":[85],"model":[90,109],"trained":[92],"known":[95],"therapies":[97],"represented":[100],"embeddings.":[103],"Finally,":[104],"it":[105],"uses":[106],"learned":[108],"to":[110],"discover":[111,132],"of":[116,145],"interest":[117],"The":[121],"experimental":[122],"results":[123],"show":[124],"that":[125],"our":[126],"could":[128,140,152],"not":[129],"only":[130],"effectively":[131],"literature,":[137],"but":[138],"also":[139],"provide":[141],"corresponding":[143],"mechanism":[144],"actions":[146],"drugs.":[150],"It":[151],"be":[153],"supplementary":[155],"current":[159],"traditional":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}