{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2900795999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2880730","title":"Secure Image-Authentication Schemes With Hidden Double Random-Phase Encoding","display_name":"Secure Image-Authentication Schemes With Hidden Double Random-Phase Encoding","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2900795999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2880730","mag":"2900795999"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2880730","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2880730","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2880730","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062999747","display_name":"Faliu Yi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1569-1436"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I867280407","display_name":"The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05byvp690","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I867280407"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Faliu Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Science, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Science, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I867280407"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112856082","display_name":"You-Hyun Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193352282","display_name":"Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03frjya69","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youhyun Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Robotics Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Robotics Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088864309","display_name":"Inkyu Moon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0882-8585"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193352282","display_name":"Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03frjya69","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Inkyu Moon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Robotics Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0882-8585","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Robotics Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193352282"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062999747"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I867280407"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.0603,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83014525,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"70113","last_page":"70121"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-image","display_name":"Binary image","score":0.7140572667121887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-cosine-transform","display_name":"Discrete cosine transform","score":0.6907147169113159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6502859592437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.638770580291748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-watermarking","display_name":"Digital watermarking","score":0.6252285242080688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.58958899974823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.5435542464256287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.44576844573020935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.4336022436618805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/watermark","display_name":"Watermark","score":0.4233258068561554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.42004796862602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.4062916040420532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3373109698295593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.31508055329322815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.06891235709190369}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193828747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864118","display_name":"Binary image","level":4,"score":0.7140572667121887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2221639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2877","display_name":"Discrete cosine transform","level":3,"score":0.6907147169113159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6502859592437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.638770580291748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150817343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875932","display_name":"Digital watermarking","level":3,"score":0.6252285242080688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.58958899974823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5435542464256287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.44576844573020935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.4336022436618805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164112704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7974348","display_name":"Watermark","level":3,"score":0.4233258068561554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.42004796862602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.4062916040420532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3373109698295593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.31508055329322815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.06891235709190369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2880730","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2880730","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fab0ee1e97cc481993e4731dbd7c11f5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fab0ee1e97cc481993e4731dbd7c11f5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 6, Pp 70113-70121 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2880730","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2880730","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3955933598","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2015R1A2A1A10052566","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W344452036","https://openalex.org/W1524144700","https://openalex.org/W1533162639","https://openalex.org/W1940446886","https://openalex.org/W1964762125","https://openalex.org/W1971493680","https://openalex.org/W1974911306","https://openalex.org/W1979493600","https://openalex.org/W1998171463","https://openalex.org/W2010690513","https://openalex.org/W2011544502","https://openalex.org/W2022193298","https://openalex.org/W2026626371","https://openalex.org/W2045729494","https://openalex.org/W2054970006","https://openalex.org/W2059986992","https://openalex.org/W2068671478","https://openalex.org/W2078530096","https://openalex.org/W2087799611","https://openalex.org/W2131276190","https://openalex.org/W2133452860","https://openalex.org/W2146360671","https://openalex.org/W2148963579","https://openalex.org/W2149323482","https://openalex.org/W2159215051","https://openalex.org/W2318292833","https://openalex.org/W2335939293","https://openalex.org/W2397931836","https://openalex.org/W2419438884","https://openalex.org/W2469486851","https://openalex.org/W2529934163","https://openalex.org/W2544391267","https://openalex.org/W2553201531","https://openalex.org/W2586283963","https://openalex.org/W2613977216","https://openalex.org/W2616646314","https://openalex.org/W2734490561","https://openalex.org/W2734506003","https://openalex.org/W2753160569","https://openalex.org/W2766433216","https://openalex.org/W2981178906","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6611730591","https://openalex.org/W6740565255"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2137394636","https://openalex.org/W2358993821","https://openalex.org/W1516446231","https://openalex.org/W2098152888","https://openalex.org/W1559740347","https://openalex.org/W2040356834","https://openalex.org/W2080353903","https://openalex.org/W2385289568","https://openalex.org/W2381486749","https://openalex.org/W1514507288"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"present":[1,151],"a":[2,14,27,50,79,83,119,135,146],"new":[3],"image-authentication":[4,152,231],"algorithm":[5,153],"based":[6,133],"on":[7,134],"binary-quantified":[8],"double":[9,136],"random-phase":[10],"encoding":[11],"(DRPE)":[12],"and":[13,65,105,111,141],"discrete":[15],"cosine":[16],"transformation":[17,216],"(DCT)":[18],"domain":[19],"watermarking":[20,85],"scheme.":[21],"The":[22,150],"image":[23,39,45,52,74,81,88,95,99,125,132,165,177,183],"is":[24,40,46,75,126,142,170],"encrypted":[25],"using":[26,100,145],"DRPE":[28],"scheme,":[29],"in":[30,201],"which":[31],"only":[32],"the":[33,37,71,90,93,97,123,129,162,172,176,180,202,219,226,229],"phase":[34,44,58,120,131,138,182],"part":[35],"of":[36,113,158,204,228],"encoded":[38],"preserved.":[41],"Then,":[42,70],"this":[43],"quantified":[47,72],"to":[48,56,68,117,218],"become":[49],"binary":[51,73,94,164],"by":[53,197],"giving":[54],"0":[55,64,107],"these":[57],"values":[59,108,112],"that":[60,169],"are":[61],"less":[62],"than":[63],"setting":[66],"others":[67],"1.":[69],"secretly":[76],"inserted":[77],"into":[78],"host":[80],"with":[82,188],"DCT-domain":[84],"algorithm.":[86],"During":[87],"authentication,":[89],"receiver":[91],"gets":[92],"from":[96,128,171,179],"watermarked":[98,220],"an":[101,155],"inverse":[102],"DCT":[103],"operation":[104],"codes":[106],"as":[109,115],"-\u03c0":[110],"1":[114],"\u03c0":[116],"create":[118],"image.":[121,174,221],"Finally,":[122],"input":[124],"decoded":[127],"retrieved":[130,181],"random":[137],"decryption":[139],"technique":[140],"further":[143],"authenticated":[144,196],"nonlinear":[147,198],"crosscorrelation":[148],"method.":[149],"offers":[154],"additional":[156],"layer":[157],"system":[159],"security":[160],"because":[161],"hidden":[163],"reveals":[166],"no":[167],"information":[168],"original":[173],"Moreover,":[175],"decrypted":[178],"cannot":[184],"be":[185,194],"easily":[186],"recognized":[187],"naked":[189],"eyes.":[190],"However,":[191],"it":[192],"can":[193],"successfully":[195],"cross-correlation,":[199],"even":[200],"face":[203],"attacks":[205,217],"including":[206],"noise":[207],"attacks,":[208,210,213],"filtering":[209],"partial":[211],"occlusion":[212],"or":[214],"geometric":[215],"Our":[222],"simulation":[223],"results":[224],"demonstrated":[225],"capability":[227],"proposed":[230],"technique.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}