{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2904080995","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2879919","title":"Parallel Multi-Core CPU and GPU for Fast and Robust Medical Image Watermarking","display_name":"Parallel Multi-Core CPU and GPU for Fast and Robust Medical Image Watermarking","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2904080995","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2879919","mag":"2904080995"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2879919","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2879919","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2879919","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074599271","display_name":"Khalid M. Hosny","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8065-8977"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192398990","display_name":"Zagazig University","ror":"https://ror.org/053g6we49","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192398990"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Khalid M. Hosny","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192398990"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101473699","display_name":"Mohamed Darwish","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3256-8728"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91041137","display_name":"Assiut University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jaj8n65","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91041137"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed M. Darwish","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91041137"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078793726","display_name":"Kenli Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2635-7716"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16609230","display_name":"Hunan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05htk5m33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenli Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Hunan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Hunan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16609230"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039175317","display_name":"Ahmad Salah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3433-7640"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192398990","display_name":"Zagazig University","ror":"https://ror.org/053g6we49","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192398990"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad Salah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Sciences, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192398990"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074599271"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192398990"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.507,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":65,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92595975,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"77212","last_page":"77225"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-watermarking","display_name":"Digital watermarking","score":0.8605599403381348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7703576683998108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6232091188430786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/watermark","display_name":"Watermark","score":0.6147301197052002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.576347291469574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5279635190963745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-moment","display_name":"Image moment","score":0.46399423480033875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grayscale","display_name":"Grayscale","score":0.4498455226421356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.35215067863464355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.3365688920021057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.20727643370628357}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150817343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875932","display_name":"Digital watermarking","level":3,"score":0.8605599403381348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7703576683998108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6232091188430786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164112704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7974348","display_name":"Watermark","level":3,"score":0.6147301197052002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.576347291469574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5279635190963745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108311513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841934","display_name":"Image moment","level":4,"score":0.46399423480033875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78201319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685727","display_name":"Grayscale","level":3,"score":0.4498455226421356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.35215067863464355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.3365688920021057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.20727643370628357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2879919","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2879919","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2d6b3725d54b4d64ba37406177f9d321","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2d6b3725d54b4d64ba37406177f9d321","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 6, Pp 77212-77225 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2879919","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2879919","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1341368396","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61602170","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3168074449","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61602350","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5112383762","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61702170","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8889518879","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61750110531","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W73794085","https://openalex.org/W902524098","https://openalex.org/W1580898361","https://openalex.org/W1977019329","https://openalex.org/W1980119849","https://openalex.org/W1984222112","https://openalex.org/W1988642744","https://openalex.org/W1988888548","https://openalex.org/W2006015144","https://openalex.org/W2014068846","https://openalex.org/W2019677587","https://openalex.org/W2034597297","https://openalex.org/W2050912865","https://openalex.org/W2052317274","https://openalex.org/W2057515749","https://openalex.org/W2058558325","https://openalex.org/W2059342141","https://openalex.org/W2069444807","https://openalex.org/W2069561974","https://openalex.org/W2071700063","https://openalex.org/W2072142347","https://openalex.org/W2075050605","https://openalex.org/W2079859718","https://openalex.org/W2082238959","https://openalex.org/W2122975611","https://openalex.org/W2123674036","https://openalex.org/W2127396544","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2137511130","https://openalex.org/W2146880335","https://openalex.org/W2149395122","https://openalex.org/W2149428713","https://openalex.org/W2154369553","https://openalex.org/W2166948172","https://openalex.org/W2169013230","https://openalex.org/W2258787895","https://openalex.org/W2283433301","https://openalex.org/W2288287109","https://openalex.org/W2330427615","https://openalex.org/W2336568179","https://openalex.org/W2498797687","https://openalex.org/W2517850251","https://openalex.org/W2518737090","https://openalex.org/W2522624197","https://openalex.org/W2523064693","https://openalex.org/W2529468940","https://openalex.org/W2567176582","https://openalex.org/W2607185876","https://openalex.org/W2618075512","https://openalex.org/W2625389882","https://openalex.org/W2652855825","https://openalex.org/W2743893787","https://openalex.org/W2773348626","https://openalex.org/W2792836087","https://openalex.org/W3020813630","https://openalex.org/W6663395557","https://openalex.org/W6723944464","https://openalex.org/W6739880795"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2137394636","https://openalex.org/W2358993821","https://openalex.org/W1516446231","https://openalex.org/W2098152888","https://openalex.org/W1559740347","https://openalex.org/W2040356834","https://openalex.org/W2080353903","https://openalex.org/W2385289568","https://openalex.org/W2381486749","https://openalex.org/W1514507288"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Securing":[0],"medical":[1,9,43,58,116],"images":[2,80,92],"are":[3,63],"a":[4,16,49,110,169,178,196,199],"very":[5,17,142],"essential":[6],"process":[7],"in":[8,55,109,168],"image":[10,13,180],"authentication.":[11],"Medical":[12],"watermarking":[14,38,133,175,187],"is":[15,35,53,189],"popular":[18],"tool":[19],"to":[20,65,104,122,148],"achieve":[21],"this":[22,25],"goal.":[23],"In":[24,45],"paper,":[26],"an":[27],"extremely":[28],"fast,":[29],"highly":[30],"accurate,":[31],"and":[32,41,81,125,146,154,165,193,198],"robust":[33],"algorithm":[34,134],"proposed":[36,47,132],"for":[37,76,88],"both":[39],"gray-level":[40,79],"color":[42,91,179],"images.":[44,117],"the":[46,56,67,70,77,82,85,89,99,114,128,131,173,186],"method,":[48],"scrambled":[50],"binary":[51],"watermark":[52],"embedded":[54],"host":[57,78,90],"image.":[59],"Simplified":[60],"exact":[61],"kernels":[62],"used":[64],"compute":[66],"moments":[68,83,101,108],"of":[69,84,98,113,130,151,161,172,181],"polar":[71],"complex":[72],"exponential":[73],"transform":[74],"(PCET)":[75],"quaternion":[86],"PCET":[87],"without":[93],"approximation":[94],"errors.":[95],"The":[96,118,159],"stability":[97],"computed":[100],"enables":[102],"us":[103],"use":[105],"higher":[106],"order":[107],"perfect":[111],"reconstruction":[112],"watermarked":[115],"accurate":[119],"moment":[120],"invariant":[121],"rotation,":[123],"scaling,":[124],"translation":[126],"ensures":[127],"robustness":[129,147],"against":[135],"geometric":[136,152],"attacks.":[137,158],"Performed":[138],"experiments":[139],"clearly":[140],"show":[141],"high":[143],"visual":[144],"imperceptibility":[145],"different":[149],"levels":[150],"distortions":[153],"common":[155],"signal":[156],"processing":[157],"implementation":[160],"parallel":[162],"multi-core":[163],"CPU":[164,200],"GPU":[166,197],"result":[167],"tremendous":[170],"reduction":[171],"overall":[174],"times.":[176],"For":[177],"size":[182],"256":[183],"\u00d7":[184],"256,":[185],"time":[188],"accelerated":[190],"by":[191],"20\u00d7":[192],"11\u00d7":[194],"using":[195],"with":[201],"16":[202],"cores,":[203],"respectively.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}