{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2894655432","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2873284","title":"Object Tracking Test Automation Using a Robotic Arm","display_name":"Object Tracking Test Automation Using a Robotic Arm","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2894655432","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2873284","mag":"2894655432"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2873284","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2873284","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2873284","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101658316","display_name":"Debdeep Banerjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4907-3054"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087596","display_name":"Qualcomm (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/002zrf773","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Debdeep Banerjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4907-3054","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101719187","display_name":"Kevin Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9224-3891"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087596","display_name":"Qualcomm (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/002zrf773","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103069578","display_name":"Garima Aggarwal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1496-7741"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087596","display_name":"Qualcomm (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/002zrf773","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Garima Aggarwal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087596"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.424,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68015617,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"56378","last_page":"56394"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12549","display_name":"Image and Object Detection Techniques","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-bounding-box","display_name":"Minimum bounding box","score":0.8200476169586182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7698063850402832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7468855381011963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.728359580039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/template-matching","display_name":"Template matching","score":0.6273572444915771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.609417200088501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5616116523742676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-tracking","display_name":"Video tracking","score":0.5599800944328308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hough-transform","display_name":"Hough transform","score":0.5598040819168091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.5241142511367798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.48911982774734497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automation","display_name":"Automation","score":0.4827260673046112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.47291263937950134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.43019387125968933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3642846941947937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.34298771619796753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.1491873860359192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14416369795799255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.115929514169693}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147037132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865426","display_name":"Minimum bounding box","level":3,"score":0.8200476169586182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7698063850402832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7468855381011963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.728359580039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158096908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3983303","display_name":"Template matching","level":3,"score":0.6273572444915771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.609417200088501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5616116523742676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202474056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931635","display_name":"Video tracking","level":3,"score":0.5599800944328308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200518788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q195076","display_name":"Hough transform","level":3,"score":0.5598040819168091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.5241142511367798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.48911982774734497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.4827260673046112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.47291263937950134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.43019387125968933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3642846941947937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.34298771619796753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.1491873860359192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14416369795799255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.115929514169693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2873284","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2873284","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c7bcbfbb7dc04d8d822da2b1e3403bba","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c7bcbfbb7dc04d8d822da2b1e3403bba","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 6, Pp 56378-56394 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2018.2873284","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2873284","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W132760685","https://openalex.org/W1564419782","https://openalex.org/W1983254201","https://openalex.org/W2048084888","https://openalex.org/W2050802796","https://openalex.org/W2104978738","https://openalex.org/W2124861766","https://openalex.org/W2147332957","https://openalex.org/W2166135900","https://openalex.org/W2172268264","https://openalex.org/W2463553622","https://openalex.org/W2540588174","https://openalex.org/W2601551533","https://openalex.org/W2747588053","https://openalex.org/W2782927292","https://openalex.org/W2794006831","https://openalex.org/W2800729456","https://openalex.org/W2808617531","https://openalex.org/W2870504090","https://openalex.org/W2949647627","https://openalex.org/W2963489869","https://openalex.org/W3124258048","https://openalex.org/W6605375398"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4327500857","https://openalex.org/W2965994363","https://openalex.org/W4311223090","https://openalex.org/W1689909837","https://openalex.org/W4205729548","https://openalex.org/W2940082708","https://openalex.org/W4298525700","https://openalex.org/W1895541646","https://openalex.org/W2953362004","https://openalex.org/W2901505109"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Touch-to-track":[0],"is":[1,6,22,27,88,142,150,187,264,278],"a":[2,53,76,118],"software":[3,83],"feature":[4,170,234],"that":[5,21,196],"used":[7,89],"to":[8,51,66,70,79,128,177,250,280,289],"track":[9],"objects":[10,99,263],"in":[11,24,100,112,138,292],"embedded":[12],"systems,":[13],"such":[14],"as":[15,28,152],"mobile":[16],"phones.":[17],"The":[18,44,64,85,144,184,210,257,270],"research":[19],"question":[20],"discussed":[23],"the":[25,47,67,104,107,113,131,140,147,153,179,191,198,203,215,247,251,284,290,296],"paper":[26],"follows:":[29],"how":[30],"can":[31],"one":[32],"design":[33,52],"an":[34,110],"automated":[35],"test":[36,56,72,81,92],"method":[37,54],"for":[38,46,58,90,94,254,261],"accurately":[39,80,129],"testing":[40,59],"object":[41,61,141,199,272],"tracking":[42,62,95,185,211,241,252,258,273,294],"algorithms?":[43],"challenge":[45],"verification":[48],"team":[49],"was":[50,69],"of":[55,194,206],"automation":[57,73],"this":[60,82],"feature.":[63,84],"solution":[65,274,286],"problem":[68],"develop":[71],"algorithms":[74,157,225],"using":[75],"robotic":[77,86],"arm":[78,87],"executing":[91],"cases":[93],"single":[96],"or":[97],"multiple":[98],"motion.":[101],"To":[102],"use":[103],"touch-to-track":[105],"feature,":[106],"user":[108],"selects":[109],"area":[111,145],"camera":[114],"preview":[115],"by":[116,189,202,222,245],"drawing":[117],"bounding":[119,132,148,217],"box.":[120],"Hough":[121],"transformation":[122],"and":[123,164,172,181,232,236,295],"color":[124],"segmentation":[125],"are":[126,174,238,243],"applied":[127,176],"detect":[130],"box":[133,149,218],"drawn":[134],"on":[135,159,227],"every":[136],"frame":[137],"which":[139],"detected.":[143],"inside":[146],"considered":[151],"template.":[154],"Template":[155],"matching":[156,173,224,237],"based":[158,226],"normalized":[160,228],"cross-correlation,":[161,229],"phase":[162,230],"correlation,":[163,231],"speeded":[165],"up":[166],"robust":[167],"features":[168],"(SURF)-based":[169],"extraction":[171,235],"then":[175],"compare":[178],"template":[180,223],"original":[182],"images.":[183],"efficiency":[186,259],"calculated":[188,244,260],"dividing":[190],"total":[192,204],"number":[193,205],"frames":[195,207],"contain":[197],"being":[200,208],"tracked":[201],"tested.":[209],"efficiencies":[212,242],"achieved":[213],"with":[214,266,275,287],"Hough-based":[216],"detection":[219],"algorithm":[220],"followed":[221],"SURF-based":[233],"compared.":[239],"These":[240],"comparing":[246],"ground":[248],"truth":[249],"results":[253],"each":[255],"frame.":[256],"three":[262],"87.7%":[265],"no":[267],"colored":[268],"background.":[269],"proposed":[271],"hardware":[276],"acceleration":[277],"found":[279],"perform":[281],"better":[282],"than":[283],"third-party":[285],"respect":[288],"latency":[291],"re-establishing":[293],"hand":[297],"jitter":[298],"scenario.":[299]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}